Abstract: In the present communication, we have studied
different variations in the entropy measures in the different states of
queueing processes. In case of steady state queuing process, it has
been shown that as the arrival rate increases, the uncertainty
increases whereas in the case of non-steady birth-death process, it is
shown that the uncertainty varies differently. In this pattern, it first
increases and attains its maximum value and then with the passage of
time, it decreases and attains its minimum value.
Abstract: The Improved Generalized Diversity Index (IGDI)
has been proposed as a tool that can be used to identify areas that
have high conservation value and measure the ecological condition of
an area. IGDI is based on the species relative abundances. This paper
is concerned with particular attention is given to comparisons
involving the MacArthur model of species abundances. The
properties and performance of various species indices were assessed.
Both IGDI and species richness increased with sampling area
according to a power function. IGDI were also found to be acceptable
ecological indicators of conditions and consistently outperformed
coefficient of conservatism indices.
Abstract: The time dependent progress of a chemical reaction over a flat horizontal plate is here considered. The problem is solved through the group similarity transformation method which reduces the number of independent by one and leads to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The problem shows a singularity at the chemical reaction order n=1 and is analytically solved through the perturbation method. The behavior of the process is then numerically investigated for n≠1 and different Schmidt numbers. Graphical results for the velocity and concentration of chemicals based on the analytical and numerical solutions are presented and discussed.
Abstract: In this article, the phenomenon of nonlinear
consolidation in saturated and homogeneous clay layer is studied.
Considering time-varied drainage model, the excess pore water
pressure in the layer depth is calculated. The Generalized Differential
Quadrature (GDQ) method is used for the modeling and numerical
analysis. For the purpose of analysis, first the domain of independent
variables (i.e., time and clay layer depth) is discretized by the
Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto series and then the nonlinear system of
equations obtained from the GDQ method is solved by means of the
Newton-Raphson approach. The obtained results indicate that the
Generalized Differential Quadrature method, in addition to being
simple to apply, enjoys a very high accuracy in the calculation of
excess pore water pressure.
Abstract: Over 90% of the world trade is carried by the
international shipping industry. As most of the countries are
developing, seaborne trade continues to expand to bring benefits for
consumers across the world. Studies show that world trade will
increase 70-80% through shipping in the next 15-20 years. Present
global fleet of 70000 commercial ships consumes approximately 200
million tonnes of diesel fuel a year and it is expected that it will be
around 350 million tonnes a year by 2020. It will increase the
demand for fuel and also increase the concentration of CO2 in the
atmosphere. So, it-s essential to control this massive fuel
consumption and CO2 emission. The idea is to utilize a diesel-wind
hybrid system for ship propulsion. Use of wind energy by installing
modern wing-sails in ships can drastically reduce the consumption of
diesel fuel. A huge amount of wind energy is available in oceans.
Whenever wind is available the wing-sails would be deployed and
the diesel engine would be throttled down and still the same forward
speed would be maintained. Wind direction in a particular shipping
route is not same throughout; it changes depending upon the global
wind pattern which depends on the latitude. So, the wing-sail
orientation should be such that it optimizes the use of wind energy.
We have made a computer programme in which by feeding the data
regarding wind velocity, wind direction, ship-motion direction; we
can find out the best wing-sail position and fuel saving for
commercial ships. We have calculated net fuel saving in certain
international shipping routes, for instance, from Mumbai in India to
Durban in South Africa. Our estimates show that about 8.3% diesel
fuel can be saved by utilizing the wind. We are also developing an
experimental model of the ship employing airfoils (small scale wingsail)
and going to test it in National Wind Tunnel Facility in IIT
Kanpur in order to develop a control mechanism for a system of
airfoils.
Abstract: Mathematical models can be used to describe the
transmission of disease. Dengue disease is the most significant
mosquito-borne viral disease of human. It now a leading cause of
childhood deaths and hospitalizations in many countries. Variations
in environmental conditions, especially seasonal climatic parameters,
effect to the transmission of dengue viruses the dengue viruses and
their principal mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti. A transmission model
for dengue disease is discussed in this paper. We assume that the
human and vector populations are constant. We showed that the local
stability is completely determined by the threshold parameter, 0 B . If
0 B is less than one, the disease free equilibrium state is stable. If
0 B is more than one, a unique endemic equilibrium state exists and
is stable. The numerical results are shown for the different values of
the transmission probability from vector to human populations.
Abstract: A novel typical day prediction model have been built and validated by the measured data of a grid-connected solar photovoltaic (PV) system in Macau. Unlike conventional statistical method used by previous study on PV systems which get results by averaging nearby continuous points, the present typical day statistical method obtain the value at every minute in a typical day by averaging discontinuous points at the same minute in different days. This typical day statistical method based on discontinuous point averaging makes it possible for us to obtain the Gaussian shape dynamical distributions for solar irradiance and output power in a yearly or monthly typical day. Based on the yearly typical day statistical analysis results, the maximum possible accumulated output energy in a year with on site climate conditions and the corresponding optimal PV system running time are obtained. Periodic Gaussian shape prediction models for solar irradiance, output energy and system energy efficiency have been built and their coefficients have been determined based on the yearly, maximum and minimum monthly typical day Gaussian distribution parameters, which are obtained from iterations for minimum Root Mean Squared Deviation (RMSD). With the present model, the dynamical effects due to time difference in a day are kept and the day to day uncertainty due to weather changing are smoothed but still included. The periodic Gaussian shape correlations for solar irradiance, output power and system energy efficiency have been compared favorably with data of the PV system in Macau and proved to be an improvement than previous models.
Abstract: The objective of the present communication is to
develop new genuine exponentiated mean codeword lengths and to
study deeply the problem of correspondence between well known
measures of entropy and mean codeword lengths. With the help of
some standard measures of entropy, we have illustrated such a
correspondence. In literature, we usually come across many
inequalities which are frequently used in information theory.
Keeping this idea in mind, we have developed such inequalities via
coding theory approach.
Abstract: The peculiarities of the nanoscale structure-phase
states formed after electroexplosive carburizing and subsequent
electron-beam treatment of technically pure titanium surface in different regimes are established by methods of transmission electron
diffraction microscopy and physical mechanisms are discussed. Electroexplosive carburizing leads to surface layer formation
(40 m thickness) with increased (in 3.5 times) microhardness. It consists of β-titanium, graphite (monocrystals 100-150 nm,
polycrystals 5-10 nm, amorphous particles 3-5nm), TiC (5-10 nm), β-Ti02 (2-20nm). After electron-beam treatment additionally increasing the microhardness the surface layer consists of TiC.
Abstract: It is well known that during the developments in the
economic sector and through the financial crises occur everywhere in
the whole world, volatility measurement is the most important
concept in financial time series. Therefore in this paper we discuss
the volatility for Amman stocks market (Jordan) for certain period of
time. Since wavelet transform is one of the most famous filtering
methods and grows up very quickly in the last decade, we compare
this method with the traditional technique, Fast Fourier transform to
decide the best method for analyzing the volatility. The comparison
will be done on some of the statistical properties by using Matlab
program.
Abstract: The paper considered the construction of BIBDs using potential Lotto Designs (LDs) earlier derived from qualifying parent BIBDs. The study utilized Li’s condition pr t−1 ( t−1 2 ) + pr− pr t−1 (t−1) 2 < ( p 2 ) λ, to determine the qualification of a parent BIBD (v, b, r, k, λ) as LD (n, k, p, t) constrained on v ≥ k, v ≥ p, t ≤ min{k, p} and then considered the case k = t since t is the smallest number of tickets that can guarantee a win in a lottery. The (15, 140, 28, 3, 4) and (7, 7, 3, 3, 1) BIBDs were selected as parent BIBDs to illustrate the procedure. These BIBDs yielded three potential LDs each. Each of the LDs was completely generated and their properties studied. The three LDs from the (15, 140, 28, 3, 4) produced (9, 84, 28, 3, 7), (10, 120, 36, 3, 8) and (11, 165, 45, 3, 9) BIBDs while those from the (7, 7, 3, 3, 1) produced the (5, 10, 6, 3, 3), (6, 20, 10, 3, 4) and (7, 35, 15, 3, 5) BIBDs. The produced BIBDs follow the generalization (v + 1, b + r + λ + 1, r +λ+1, k, λ+1) where (v, b, r, k, λ) are the parameters of the (9, 84, 28, 3, 7) and (5, 10, 6, 3, 3) BIBDs. All the BIBDs produced are unreduced designs.
Abstract: The position and momentum space information entropies
of hydrogen atom are exactly evaluated. Using isospectral
Hamiltonian approach, a family of isospectral potentials is constructed having same energy eigenvalues as that of the original potential. The information entropy content is obtained in position
space as well as in momentum space. It is shown that the information
entropy content in each level can be re-arranged as a function of deformation parameter.
Abstract: Groups where the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) is believed to be intractable have proved to be inestimable building blocks for cryptographic applications. They are at the heart of numerous protocols such as key agreements, public-key cryptosystems, digital signatures, identification schemes, publicly verifiable secret sharings, hash functions and bit commitments. The search for new groups with intractable DLP is therefore of great importance.The goal of this article is to study elliptic curves over the ring Fq[], with Fq a finite field of order q and with the relation n = 0, n ≥ 3. The motivation for this work came from the observation that several practical discrete logarithm-based cryptosystems, such as ElGamal, the Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems . In a first time, we describe these curves defined over a ring. Then, we study the algorithmic properties by proposing effective implementations for representing the elements and the group law. In anther article we study their cryptographic properties, an attack of the elliptic discrete logarithm problem, a new cryptosystem over these curves.
Abstract: In this paper the exact solution of infinite boundary integral equation (IBIE) of the second kind with degenerate kernel is presented. Moreover Galerkin method with Laguerre polynomial is applied to get the approximate solution of IBIE. Numerical examples are given to show the validity of the method presented.
Abstract: This paper is mainly concerned with the application of a novel technique of data interpretation to the characterization and classification of measurements of plasma columns in Tokamak reactors for nuclear fusion applications. The proposed method exploits several concepts derived from soft computing theory. In particular, Artifical Neural Networks have been exploited to classify magnetic variables useful to determine shape and position of the plasma with a reduced computational complexity. The proposed technique is used to analyze simulated databases of plasma equilibria based on ITER geometry configuration. As well as demonstrating the successful recovery of scalar equilibrium parameters, we show that the technique can yield practical advantages compares with earlier methods.
Abstract: In this paper we present a generic approach for the problem of the blind estimation of the parameters of linear and convolutional error correcting codes. In a non-cooperative context, an adversary has only access to the noised transmission he has intercepted. The intercepter has no knowledge about the parameters used by the legal users. So, before having acess to the information he has first to blindly estimate the parameters of the error correcting code of the communication. The presented approach has the main advantage that the problem of reconstruction of such codes can be expressed in a very simple way. This allows us to evaluate theorical bounds on the complexity of the reconstruction process but also bounds on the estimation rate. We show that some classical reconstruction techniques are optimal and also explain why some of them have theorical complexities greater than these experimentally observed.
Abstract: In this paper, we study the stability of a fractional order delayed predator-prey model. By using the Laplace transform, we introduce a characteristic equation for the above system. It is shown that if all roots of the characteristic equation have negative parts, then the equilibrium of the above fractional order predator-prey system is Lyapunov globally asymptotical stable. An example is given to show the effectiveness of the approach presented in this paper.
Abstract: The most Malaria cases are occur along Thai-Mynmar border. Mathematical model for the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in a mixed population of Thais and migrant Burmese living along the Thai-Myanmar Border is studied. The population is separated into two groups, Thai and Burmese. Each population is divided into susceptible, infected, dormant and recovered subclasses. The loss of immunity by individuals in the infected class causes them to move back into the susceptible class. The person who is infected with Plasmodium vivax and is a member of the dormant class can relapse back into the infected class. A standard dynamical method is used to analyze the behaviors of the model. Two stable equilibrium states, a disease-free state and an epidemic state, are found to be possible in each population. A disease-free equilibrium state in the Thai population occurs when there are no infected Burmese entering the community. When infected Burmese enter the Thai community, an epidemic state can occur. It is found that the disease-free state is stable when the threshold number is less than one. The epidemic state is stable when a second threshold number is greater than one. Numerical simulations are used to confirm the results of our model.
Abstract: This paper deals with efficient quadrature formulas involving functions that are observed only at fixed sampling points. The approach that we develop is derived from efficient continuous quadrature formulas, such as Gauss-Legendre or Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature. We select nodes at sampling positions that are as close as possible to those of the associated classical quadrature and we update quadrature weights accordingly. We supply the theoretical quadrature error formula for this new approach. We show on examples the potential gain of this approach.
Abstract: A decomposition of a graph G is a collection ψ of
graphs H1,H2, . . . , Hr of G such that every edge of G belongs
to exactly one Hi. If each Hi is either an induced path in G,
then ψ is called an induced acyclic path decomposition of G and
if each Hi is a (induced) cycle in G then ψ is called a (induced)
cycle decomposition of G. The minimum cardinality of an induced
acyclic path decomposition of G is called the induced acyclic path
decomposition number of G and is denoted by ¤Çia(G). Similarly
the cyclic decomposition number ¤Çc(G) is defined. In this paper we
begin an investigation of these parameters.