Abstract: For today-s and future wireless communications applications,
more and more data traffic has to be transmitted with
growing speed and quality demands. The analog front-end of any
mobile device has to cope with very hard specifications regardless
which transmission standard has to be supported. State-of-the-art
analog front-end implementations are reaching the limit of technical
feasibility. For that reason, alternative front-end architectures could
support a continuing development of mobile communications e.g.,
six-port-based front-ends [1], [2].
In this article we propose an analog front-end with high intermediate
frequency and which utilizes additive mixing instead
of multiplicative mixing. The system architecture is presented and
several spurious effects as well as their influence on the system
dimensioning are discussed. Furthermore, several issues concerning
the technical feasibility are provided and some simulation results
are discussed which show the principle functionality of the proposed
superposition heterodyne receiver.
Abstract: It-s difficult for China-s current land transfer
institutions limited to county-wide to solve the contradiction between
urban-rural development and construction land shortage. On the basis of analyzing China-s construction land transfer system, and evaluation
toward Transfer of development rights (TDR) practices in Anhui and
Chongqing, the passage proposes: (1) we should establish a multi-level
land indicators trade market under the guidance of regional spatial
objectives, and allow land transfer paid across cities and counties
within a specific area following the regulation of both government and
market; (2) it would be better to combine organically the policy ntentions of land plan, regional plan, urban plan and economic plan, and link them with land indicators transfer to promote a wider range of
urban-rural balance and regional coordination.
Abstract: The VoIP networks as alternative method to traditional PSTN system has been implemented in a wide variety of structures
with multiple protocols, codecs, software and hardware–based
distributions. The use of cryptographic techniques let the users to have a secure communication, but the calculate throughput as well as the QoS parameters are affected according to the used algorithm. This
paper analyzes the VoIP throughput and the QoS parameters with
different commercial encryption methods. The measurement–based
approach uses lab scenarios to simulate LAN and WAN
environments. Security mechanisms such as TLS, SIAX2, SRTP,
IPSEC and ZRTP are analyzed with μ-LAW and GSM codecs.
Abstract: (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 doped with 8 mol % BaTiO3 powder
(BNT-BT0.08), prepared by sol-gel method was compacted and
sintered by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process. The influence of
SPS temperature on the densification of BNT-BT0.08 ceramic was
investigated. Starting from sol-gel nanopowder of BNT-BT
containing 8 mol % BaTiO3 with an average particles size of about
30 nm, were obtained ceramics with density around 98 % of the
theoretical density value when the SPS temperature used was about
850 °C. The average grain size of the resulting ceramics was 80 nm.
The BNT-BT0.08 ceramic sample obtained by SPS method has shown
good electric properties at various frequencies.
Abstract: The use of Quantum dots is a promising emerging
Technology for implementing digital system at the nano level. It is
effecient for attractive features such as faster speed , smaller size and
low power consumption than transistor technology. In this paper,
various Combinational and sequential logical structures - HALF
ADDER, SR Latch and Flip-Flop, D Flip-Flop preceding NAND,
NOR, XOR,XNOR are discussed based on QCA design, with
comparatively less number of cells and area. By applying these
layouts, the hardware requirements for a QCA design can be reduced.
These structures are designed and simulated using QCA Designer
Tool. By taking full advantage of the unique features of this
technology, we are able to create complete circuits on a single layer
of QCA. Such Devices are expected to function with ultra low
power Consumption and very high speeds.
Abstract: An effective visual error concealment method has been presented by employing a robust rotation, scale, and translation (RST) invariant partial patch matching model (RSTI-PPMM) and
exemplar-based inpainting. While the proposed robust and inherently
feature-enhanced texture synthesis approach ensures the generation
of excellent and perceptually plausible visual error concealment results, the outlier pruning property guarantees the significant quality improvements, both quantitatively and qualitatively. No intermediate
user-interaction is required for the pre-segmented media and the
presented method follows a bootstrapping approach for an automatic
visual loss recovery and the image and video error concealment.
Abstract: The physiological effects of physical exercise on
human body are relatively well known in literature, which describes
in detail the changes that occur in the cardiovascular system, the
respiratory one, in bones and other systems, both during exercise
and after its delivery. However, the effects of exercise on mental
processes are less treated. From the literature reviews discussed in
this study, it can be detached the idea that we can not exactly say that
physical exercise has beneficial effects on mental processes, but
neither that it would have potentially negative effects. This
uncertainty, reflected in the inability to indicate precise and
unequivocal meaning, favorable-unfavorable physical effort in acting
on mental processes, is a prime reason to undertake a study of the
phenomenon influence effort administered physical education classes
on the dynamics of mental processes like attention and memory.
Abstract: In this paper, for the understanding of the phytoplankton dynamics in marine ecosystem, a susceptible and an infected class of phytoplankton population is considered in spatiotemporal domain.
Here, the susceptible phytoplankton is growing logistically and the
growth of infected phytoplankton is due to the instantaneous Holling
type-II infection response function. The dynamics are studied in terms of the local and global stabilities for the system and further
explore the possibility of Hopf -bifurcation, taking the half saturation period as (i.e., ) the bifurcation parameter in temporal domain.
It is also observe that the reaction diffusion system exhibits spatiotemporal
chaos and pattern formation in phytoplankton dynamics,
which is particularly important role play for the spatially extended phytoplankton system. Also the effect of the diffusion coefficient
on the spatial system for both one and two dimensional case is obtained. Furthermore, we explore the higher-order stability analysis
of the spatial phytoplankton system for both linear and no-linear system. Finally, few numerical simulations are carried out for pattern
formation.
Abstract: Culture and family structure provide a sense security.
Further, the chrono, macro and micro contexts of development
influence developmental transitions and timetable particularly owing
to variations in the macrosystem associated with non normative life
events like migration. Migration threatens family links, security and
attachment bonds. Rising migratory trends have prompted an
increased interest in migration consequences on familial bonds,
developmental autonomy, socialization process, and sense of
security. This paper takes a narrative approach and applies the
attachment paradigm from a lifespan perspective, to examine the
settlement experiences of an India-born migrant student in Sydney,
Australia. It focuses on her quest to preserve family ties; her remote
secure base; her continual struggle to balance dependency and
autonomy, a major developmental milestone. As positional parental
power is culturally more potent in the Indian society, the paper
therefore raises some important concerns related to cultural
expectations, adaptation, acculturative stress and sense of security.
Abstract: Design Patterns have gained more and more
acceptances since their emerging in software development world last
decade and become another de facto standard of essential knowledge
for Object-Oriented Programming developers nowadays.
Their target usage, from the beginning, was for regular computers,
so, minimizing power consumption had never been a concern.
However, in this decade, demands of more complicated software for
running on mobile devices has grown rapidly as the much higher
performance portable gadgets have been supplied to the market
continuously. To get along with time to market that is business
reason, the section of software development for power conscious,
battery, devices has shifted itself from using specific low-level
languages to higher level ones. Currently, complicated software
running on mobile devices are often developed by high level
languages those support OOP concepts. These cause the trend of
embracing Design Patterns to mobile world.
However, using Design Patterns directly in software development
for power conscious systems is not recommended because they were
not originally designed for such environment. This paper
demonstrates the adapted Design Pattern for power limitation system.
Because there are numerous original design patterns, it is not possible
to mention the whole at once. So, this paper focuses only in creating
Energy Conscious version of existing regular "Builder Pattern" to be
appropriated for developing low power consumption software.
Abstract: High building constructions are increasing in south
beaches of the Caspian Sea because of tourist attractions and limitation of residential areas. According to saturated alluvial fields transfer of load from high structures to the soil by piles is inevitable.
In spite of most of these piles are under compression forces, tension piles are used in special conditions. Few studies have been conducted
because of the limited use of these piles. Tension capacity of openended pipe piles in full scale was tested in this study. The length of the bored piles was 420 up to 480 cm and all were in 120 cm
diameter. The results of testing 7 piles were compared with the results of relations given by researches.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose disease diagnosis hardware
architecture by using Hypernetworks technique. It can be used to
diagnose 3 different diseases (SPECT Heart, Leukemia, Prostate
cancer). Generally, the disparate diseases require specified diagnosis
hardware model for each disease. Using similarities of three diseases
diagnosis processor, we design diagnosis processor that can diagnose
three different diseases. Our proposed architecture that is combining
three processors to one processor can reduce hardware size without
decrease of the accuracy.
Abstract: Both image steganography and image encryption have
advantages and disadvantages. Steganograhy allows us to hide a
desired image containing confidential information in a covered or
host image while image encryption is decomposing the desired image
to a non-readable, non-comprehended manner. The encryption
methods are usually much more robust than the steganographic ones.
However, they have a high visibility and would provoke the attackers
easily since it usually is obvious from an encrypted image that
something is hidden! The combination of steganography and
encryption will cover both of their weaknesses and therefore, it
increases the security. In this paper an image encryption method
based on sinc-convolution along with using an encryption key of 128
bit length is introduced. Then, the encrypted image is covered by a
host image using a modified version of JSteg steganography
algorithm. This method could be applied to almost all image formats
including TIF, BMP, GIF and JPEG. The experiment results show
that our method is able to hide a desired image with high security and
low visibility.
Abstract: Plant tissue culture is an important in vitro technology applied for agricultural and industrial production. A sterile condition of culture medium is one of the main aspects. The alternative technique for medium sterilization to replace autoclaving was carried out. For sterilization of plant tissue culture medium without autoclaving, ten commercial pure essential oils and 5 disinfectants were tested. Each essential oil or disinfectant was added to a 20-mL Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium before medium was solidified in a 120-mL container, kept for 2 weeks before evaluating sterile conditions. Treated media, supplemented with essential oils or disinfectants, were compared to control medium, autoclaved at 121 degree Celsius for 15 min. Sterile conditions of MS medium were found 100% from betel oil or clove oil (18 mL/20 mL medium), cinnamon oil (36 mL/20 mL medium), lavender oil or holy basil oil (108 mL/20 mL medium), and lemon oil or tea tree oil or turmeric oil (252 mL/20 mL medium), compared to 100% sterile condition from autoclaved medium. For disinfectants, 2% iodine + 2.4% potassium iodide, 2% merbromine solution, 10% povidone-iodine, 6% sodium hypochlorite or 0.1% thimerosal at 36 mL/20 mL medium provided 100% sterile conditions. Furthermore, growth of new shoots from chrysanthemum node explants on treated media (fresh weight, shoot length, root length and number of node) were also reported and discussed in the comparison of those on autoclaved medium.
Abstract: The increasing importance of FlexRay systems in
automotive domain inspires unceasingly relative researches. One
primary issue among researches is to verify the reliability of FlexRay
systems either from protocol aspect or from system design aspect.
However, research rarely discusses the effect of network topology on
the system reliability. In this paper, we will illustrate how to model
the reliability of FlexRay systems with various network topologies by
a well-known probabilistic reasoning technology, Bayesian Network.
In this illustration, we especially investigate the effectiveness of error
containment built in star topology and fault-tolerant midpoint
synchronization algorithm adopted in FlexRay communication
protocol. Through a FlexRay steer-by-wire case study, the influence
of different topologies on the failure probability of the FlexRay steerby-
wire system is demonstrated. The notable value of this research is
to show that the Bayesian Network inference is a powerful and
feasible method for the reliability assessment of FlexRay systems.
Abstract: Mobiles are considered to be the most frequently used
electronic items in world after electricity. It is probably the only
device that can be used by any gender with no age limits depending
on its functionality. This paper present the interactive interface of
Mobile and particularly aiming the use of advanced phones which are
also called smart phones. With the changes in the trend where users
are now moving from ordinary mobiles to the one with touch screens
and facilities such as WiFi and internet browsing.
Abstract: The InAlGaN alloy has only recently began receiving
serious attention into its growth and application. High quality InGaN
films have led to the development of light emitting diodes (LEDs) and
blue laser diodes (LDs). The quaternary InAlGaN however, represents
a more versatile material since the bandgap and lattice constant can be
independently varied. We report an ultraviolet (UV) quaternary
InAlGaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) LD study by using the
simulation program of Integrated System Engineering (ISE TCAD).
Advanced physical models of semiconductor properties were used in
order to obtain an optimized structure. The device performance which
is affected by piezoelectric and thermal effects was studied via
drift-diffusion model for carrier transport, optical gain and loss. The
optical performance of the UV LD with different numbers of quantum
wells was numerically investigated. The main peak of the emission
wavelength for double quantum wells (DQWs) was shifted from 358
to 355.8 nm when the forward current was increased. Preliminary
simulated results indicated that better output performance and lower
threshold current could be obtained when the quantum number is four,
with output power of 130 mW and threshold current of 140 mA.
Abstract: In the context of spectrum surveillance, a new method
to recover the code of spread spectrum signal is presented, while the
receiver has no knowledge of the transmitter-s spreading sequence. In
our previous paper, we used Genetic algorithm (GA), to recover
spreading code. Although genetic algorithms (GAs) are well known
for their robustness in solving complex optimization problems, but
nonetheless, by increasing the length of the code, we will often lead
to an unacceptable slow convergence speed. To solve this problem we
introduce Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) into code estimation in
spread spectrum communication system. In searching process for
code estimation, the PSO algorithm has the merits of rapid
convergence to the global optimum, without being trapped in local
suboptimum, and good robustness to noise. In this paper we describe
how to implement PSO as a component of a searching algorithm in
code estimation. Swarm intelligence boasts a number of advantages
due to the use of mobile agents. Some of them are: Scalability, Fault
tolerance, Adaptation, Speed, Modularity, Autonomy, and
Parallelism. These properties make swarm intelligence very attractive
for spread spectrum code estimation. They also make swarm
intelligence suitable for a variety of other kinds of channels. Our
results compare between swarm-based algorithms and Genetic
algorithms, and also show PSO algorithm performance in code
estimation process.
Abstract: In this work, axisymetric CFD simulation of fixed bed
GTL reactor has been conducted, using computational fluid dynamics
(CFD). In fixed bed CFD modeling, when N (tube-to-particle
diameter ratio) has a large value, it is common to consider the packed
bed as a porous media. Synthesis gas (a mixture of predominantly
carbon monoxide and hydrogen) was fed to the reactor. The reactor
length was 20 cm, divided to three sections. The porous zone was in
the middle section of the reactor. The model equations were solved
employing finite volume method. The effects of particle diameter,
bed voidage, fluid velocity and bed length on pressure drop have
been investigated. Simulation results showed these parameters could
have remarkable impacts on the reactor pressure drop.
Abstract: The objective of the paper was to understand the use
of an important element of design, namely color in a Semiotic
system. Semiotics is the study of signs and sign processes, it is often
divided into three branches namely (i) Semantics that deals with the
relation between signs and the things to which they refer to mean, (ii)
Syntactics which addresses the relations among signs in formal
structures and (iii) Pragmatics that relates between signs and its
effects on they have on the people who use them to create a plan for
an object or a system referred to as design. Cubism with its versatility
was the key design tool prevalent across the 20th century. In order to
analyze the user's understanding of interaction and appreciation of
color through the movement of Cubism, an exercise was undertaken
in Dept. of Design, IIT Guwahati. This included tasks to design a
composition using color and sign process to the theme 'Between the
Lines' on a given tessellation where the users relate their work to the
world they live in, which in this case was the college campus of IIT
Guwahati. The findings demonstrate impact of the key design
element color on the principles of visual perception based on image
analysis of specific compositions.