Quantum Dot Cellular Automata Based Effective Design of Combinational and Sequential Logical Structures

The use of Quantum dots is a promising emerging Technology for implementing digital system at the nano level. It is effecient for attractive features such as faster speed , smaller size and low power consumption than transistor technology. In this paper, various Combinational and sequential logical structures - HALF ADDER, SR Latch and Flip-Flop, D Flip-Flop preceding NAND, NOR, XOR,XNOR are discussed based on QCA design, with comparatively less number of cells and area. By applying these layouts, the hardware requirements for a QCA design can be reduced. These structures are designed and simulated using QCA Designer Tool. By taking full advantage of the unique features of this technology, we are able to create complete circuits on a single layer of QCA. Such Devices are expected to function with ultra low power Consumption and very high speeds.




References:
[1] S. Karthigal Lakshmi, and G. Athisha, "Effecient Design of Logical
Structures and Functions using Nanotechnology Based Quantum Dot
Cellular Automata Design," International Journal of Computer
Applications (0975 8887), vol.3, no.5, June 2010.
[2] K. Walus, G.A. Jullien, and V. Dimitrov, "Computer arithmetic
structures for quantum cellular automata," Asilomar Conference on
Signals, Systems, and Computers, November 2003.
[3] W. Wang, K. Walus, and G.A. Jullien, "Quantum-dot cellular automata
adders," IEEE Nano Conference, August 2003.
[4] R. Zhang, K. Walus, W. Wang, and G. A. Jullien, "A method of
majority logic reduction for quantum cellular automata," IEEE
Trans.Nanotechnol., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 443450, Dec. 2004.
[5] Heumpil Cho, Student Member, and Earl E. Swartzlander, Jr., Fellow,
IEEE. "Adder Design and Analyses for Quantum-Dot Cellular
Automata," IEEE Trans. Nano., Vol.6, No.3, May 2007.
[6] K. Walus, G. Schulhof, G. A. Jullien, R. Zhang, and W. Wang, "Circuit
design based on majority gates for applications with quantum-dot
cellular automata," in Conf. Rec. 38th Asilomar Conf. Signals, Systems
and Computers, 2004, vol. 2, pp.13541357.
[7] W. J. Townsend and J. A. Abraham, "Complex gate implementations for
quantum dot cellular automata,"in Proc. 4th IEEE Conf.
Nanotechnology, 2004, pp. 625627.
[8] A. Chaudhary et al., "Eliminating wire crossings for molecular quantumdot
cellular automata implementation," in Proc. IEEE/ACM Int. Conf.
Computer-Aided Design, 2005, pp. 565571.
[9] K. Walus, T. Dysart, G. Jullien, and R. Budiman, "QCADesigner: A
rapid design and simulation tool for quantum-dot cellular automata,"
IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 2629, Mar. 2004.
[10] Kyosun Kim, Kaijie Wu, and Ramesh Karri, "The Robust QCA Adder
Designs Using Composable QCA Building Blocks," IEEE transactions
on computer-aided design of integrated circuits and systems, vol. 26, no.
1, January 2007.
[11] K. Walus, G. Schulhof, and G. A. Jullien, "High level exploration of
quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)," in Conf. Rec. 38th Asilomar
Conf. Signals, Systems and Computers, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 3033.
[12] E.N.Ganesh1, Lal Kishore2 and M.J.S. Rangachar, "Implementation of
Quantum cellular automata combinational and sequential circuits using
Majority logic reduction method,"International Journal of
Nanotechnology and Applications ISSN 0973-631X Volume 2, Number
1 (2008), pp. 89106.
[13] A. Vetteth et al., "Quantum-dot cellular automata carrylook-ahead adder
and barrel shifter," presented at the IEEE Emerging Telecommunications
Technologies Conf., Richardson, TX, 2002.
[14] C. S. Lent and B. Isaksen, "Clocked molecular quantum dot cellular
automata," IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, vol. 50, no. 9, pp. 18901896,
Sep.2003.