Abstract: The quality attributes and storage life of 'Jinhwang' mango fruit can be effectively maintained with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application and/or chitosan coating. 'Jinhwang' mango fruit was treated with 5 μl l-1 1-MCP for 12 h, dipped with 0.5 % chitosan, 5 μl l-1 1-MCP combine with 0.5 % chitosan and untreated (control) then stored at 10oC. Mango treated with 1-MCP maintained firmness, sucrose and starch content. Chitosan coating delayed firmness loss, sucrose content and the fruit decay when compare with control. Application of 1-MCP combine with chitosan also delayed firmness loss, sucrose content and starch content during storage. Furthermore, chitosan coating and combine treatment prolonged storage life of mango up to 29 days after storage while 1-MCP extended to 28 days after storage. Therefore, using all application of chitosan coating or 1-MCP combine with chitosan or 1-MCP in mango at 10oC is a feasible technology for maintains quality and prolongs storage life in order to expand marketability and export options.
Abstract: The study of the transport coefficients in electronic
devices is currently carried out by analytical and empirical models.
This study requires several simplifying assumptions, generally
necessary to lead to analytical expressions in order to study the
different characteristics of the electronic silicon-based devices.
Further progress in the development, design and optimization of
Silicon-based devices necessarily requires new theory and modeling
tools. In our study, we use the PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization)
technique as a computational tool to develop analytical approaches in
order to study the transport phenomenon of the electron in crystalline
silicon as function of temperature and doping concentration. Good
agreement between our results and measured data has been found.
The optimized analytical models can also be incorporated into the
circuits simulators to study Si-based devices without impact on the
computational time and data storage.
Abstract: The research object was wheat bread. Experiments
were carried out at the Faculty of Food Technology of the Latvia
University of Agriculture. An active packaging in combination with
modified atmosphere (MAP, CO2 60% and N2 40%) was examined
and compared with traditional packaging in air ambiance. Polymer
Multibarrier 60, PP and OPP bags were used. Influence of iron based
oxygen absorber in sachets of 100 cc obtained from Mitsubishi Gas
Chemical Europe Ageless® was tested on the quality during the shelf
of wheat bread. Samples of 40±4 g were packaged in polymer
pouches (110 mm x 120 mm), hermetically sealed by MULTIVAC
C300 vacuum chamber machine, and stored in room temperature
+21.0±0.5 °C. The physiochemical properties – weight losses,
moisture content, hardness, pH, colour, changes of atmosphere
content (CO2 and O2) in headspace of packs, and microbial
conditions were analysed before packaging and in the 7th, 14th, 21st
and 28th days of storage.
Abstract: Elliptic curve-based certificateless signature is slowly
gaining attention due to its ability to retain the efficiency of
identity-based signature to eliminate the need of certificate
management while it does not suffer from inherent private
key escrow problem. Generally, cryptosystem based on elliptic
curve offers equivalent security strength at smaller key sizes
compared to conventional cryptosystem such as RSA which
results in faster computations and efficient use of computing
power, bandwidth, and storage. This paper proposes to implement
certificateless signature based on bilinear pairing to
structure the framework of IKE authentication. In this paper,
we perform a comparative analysis of certificateless signature
scheme with a well-known RSA scheme and also present the
experimental results in the context of signing and verification
execution times. By generalizing our observations, we discuss the
different trade-offs involved in implementing IKE authentication
by using certificateless signature.
Abstract: Lactic acid alone and its combined application with
nisin were evaluated for reducing population of naturally occurring
microorganisms on chilled shrimp. Fresh shrimps were dipped in 0,
1.0% and 2.0% (v/v) lactic acid alone and their combined application
with 0.04 (g/L/kg) nisin solution for 10 min. Total plate counts of
aerobic bacteria (TPCs), Psychrotrophic counts, population of
Pseudomonas spp., H2S producing bacteria and Lactic acid bacteria
(LAB) on shrimps were determined during storage at 4 °C. The
results indicated that total plate counts were 2.91 and 2.63 log CFU/g
higher on untreated shrimps after 7 and 14 days of storage,
respectively, than on shrimps treated with 2.0% lactic acid combined
with 0.04 (g/L/kg) nisin. Both concentrations of lactic acid indicated
significant reduction on Pseudomonas counts during storage, while
2.0% lactic acid combined with nisin indicated the highest reduction.
In addition, H2S producing bacteria were more sensitive to high
concentration of lactic acid combined with nisin during storage.
Abstract: The Yazd-Ardakan basin in Central Iran has two separated aquifers. The shallow unconfined aquifer is supplies 40 Qanats. The deep saturated confined aquifer is the main water storage. Due to over-withdrawal, water table has been decreasing during last 25 years. Recent study shows that the shortage of the aquifer is about 16 meters and land subsidence is 0.5 - 1.2 meters. Long deep cracks are found just above the aquifer and devour the irrigation water and floods. Although the most cracks direction is NW-SE and could be compared to the main direction of YA basin, there is no direct evidence for relation between land subsidence and the huge cracks. Large-scale water pumping has been decreased the water pressure in aquifer. The pressure decline disturbed the balance and increased the pressure of overlying sediments. So porosity decreased and compaction started. Then, sediments compaction developed and made land subsidence and some huge cracks slowly.
Abstract: Thailand-s health system is challenged by the rising
number of patients and decreasing ratio of medical
practitioners/patients, especially in rural areas. This may tempt
inexperienced GPs to rush through the process of anamnesis with the
risk of incorrect diagnosis. Patients have to travel far to the hospital
and wait for a long time presenting their case. Many patients try to
cure themselves with traditional Thai medicine. Many countries are
making use of the Internet for medical information gathering,
distribution and storage. Telemedicine applications are a relatively
new field of study in Thailand; the infrastructure of ICT had
hampered widespread use of the Internet for using medical
information. With recent improvements made health and technology
professionals can work out novel applications and systems to help
advance telemedicine for the benefit of the people. Here we explore
the use of telemedicine for people with health problems in rural areas
in Thailand and present a Telemedicine Diagnosis System for Rural
Thailand (TEDIST) for diagnosing certain conditions that people
with Internet access can use to establish contact with Community
Health Centers, e.g. by mobile phone. The system uses a Web-based
input method for individual patients- symptoms, which are taken by
an expert system for the analysis of conditions and appropriate
diseases. The analysis harnesses a knowledge base and a backward
chaining component to find out, which health professionals should be
presented with the case. Doctors have the opportunity to exchange
emails or chat with the patients they are responsible for or other
specialists. Patients- data are then stored in a Personal Health Record.
Abstract: PCMs have always been viewed as a suitable
candidate for off peak thermal storage, particularly for refrigeration
systems, due to the high latent energy densities of these materials.
However, due to the need to have them encapsulated within a
container this density is reduced. Furthermore, PCMs have a low
thermal conductivity which reduces the useful amount of energy
which can be stored. To consider these factors, the true energy
storage density of a PCM system was proposed and optimised for
PCMs encapsulated in slabs. Using a validated numerical model of
the system, a parametric study was undertaken to investigate the
impact of the slab thickness, gap between slabs and the mass flow
rate. The study showed that, when optimised, a PCM system can
deliver a true energy storage density between 53% and 83% of the
latent energy density of the PCM.
Abstract: Multifunctional structures are a potentially disruptive
technology that allows for significant mass savings on spacecraft.
The specific concept addressed herein is that of a multifunctional
power structure. In this paper, a parametric optimisation of the
design of such a structure that uses commercially available battery
cells is presented. Using numerical modelling, it was found that there
exists several trade-offs aboutthe conflict between the capacity of the
panel and its mechanical properties. It was found that there is no
universal optimal location for the cells. Placing them close to the
mechanical interfaces increases loading in the mechanically weak
cells whereas placing them at the centre of the panel increases the
stress inthe panel and reduces the stiffness of the structure.
Abstract: Experiments with pumpkin-rowanberry marmalade
candies were carried out at the Faculty of Food Technology of the
Latvia University of Agriculture. The objective of this investigation
was to evaluate the quality changes of pumpkin-rowanberry
marmalade candies packed in different packaging materials during
the storage of 15 weeks, and to find the most suitable packaging
material for prolongation of low sugar marmalade candies shelf-life.
An active packaging in combination with modified atmosphere
(MAP, CO2 100%) was examined and compared with traditional
packaging in air ambiance. Polymer Multibarrier 60 and paper bags
were used. Influence of iron based oxygen absorber in sachets of 500
cc obtained from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Europe Ageless® on the
marmalade candies’ quality was tested during shelf life. Samples of
80±5 g were packaged in polymer pouches (110 mm x 110 mm),
hermetically sealed by MULTIVAC C300 vacuum chamber machine,
and stored in a room temperature +21±0.5 °C. The physiochemical
properties –moisture content, hardness, aw, pH, changes of
atmosphere content (CO2 and O2), ascorbic acid, total carotenoids,
total phenols in headspace of packs, and microbial conditions were
analysed before packaging and in the 1st, 3rd , 5th, 8th, 11th and 15th
weeks of storage.
Abstract: This study was set to determine the antimicrobial
activities of brine salting, chlorinated solution, and oil frying
treatments on enteric bacteria and fungi in Rastrineobola argentea
fish from fish landing beaches within L. Victoria basin of western
Kenya. Statistical differences in effectiveness of the different
treatment methods was determined by single factor ANOVA, and
paired two-tail t-Test was performed to compare the differences in
moisture contents before and after storage. Oil fried fish recorded the
lowest microbial loads, sodium chloride at 10% concentration was
the second most effective and chlorinated solution even at 150ppm
was the least effective against the bacteria and fungi in fish. Moisture
contents of the control and treated fish were significantly lower after
storage. These results show that oil frying of fish should be adopted
for processing and preserving Rastrineobola argentea which is the
most abundant and affordable fish species from Lake Victoria.
Abstract: The biological activity of A. pullulans isolates against
species of the genus Fusarium, bacteria of the genus Azotobacter and
pseudomonads colonizing wheat kernels was evaluated. A field
experiment was carried out in 2009-2011, in north-eastern Poland.
Winter wheat (cv. Bogatka) plants were sprayed with a cell
suspension of A. pullulans at a density of 106 - 108 per cm3 water at
the stem elongation stage and the heading stage. Untreated plants
served as control. The abundance of epiphytic yeasts, bacteria of the
genus Azotobacter, pseudomonads and Fusarium pathogens on wheat
grain was estimated at harvest and after six months’ storage. The
average size of yeast communities was significantly greater on wheat
kernels treated with a cell suspension of A. pullulans, compared with
control samples. In 2010-2011, biological control reduced the
abundance of some species of the genus Fusarium.
Abstract: The research object was apple-black currant
marmalade candies. Experiments were carried out at the Faculty of
Food Technology of the Latvia University of Agriculture. An active
packaging in combination with modified atmosphere (MAP, CO2
100%) was examined and compared with traditional packaging in air
ambiance. Polymer Multibarrier 60 and paper bags were used.
Influence of iron based oxygen absorber in sachets of 500 cc
obtained from Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Europe Ageless® was tested
on the quality during the shelf of marmalade. Samples of 80±5 g
were packaged in polymer pouches (110 mm x 110 mm),
hermetically sealed by MULTIVAC C300 vacuum chamber machine,
and stored in room temperature +20.0±1.0 °C. The physiochemical
properties – weight losses, moisture content, hardness, aw, pH, colour,
changes of atmosphere content (CO2 and O2) in headspace of packs,
and microbial conditions were analysed before packaging and in the
1st, 3rd , 5th, 8th, 11th and 15th weeks of storage.
Abstract: Over the past few years, XML (eXtensible Mark-up
Language) has emerged as the standard for information
representation and data exchange over the Internet. This paper
provides a kick-start for new researches venturing in XML databases
field. We survey the storage representation for XML document,
review the XML query processing and optimization techniques with
respect to the particular storage instance. Various optimization
technologies have been developed to solve the query retrieval and
updating problems. Towards the later year, most researchers
proposed hybrid optimization techniques. Hybrid system opens the
possibility of covering each technology-s weakness by its strengths.
This paper reviews the advantages and limitations of optimization
techniques.
Abstract: The intermittent nature of solar energy and the energy
requirements of buildings necessitate the storage of thermal energy.
In this paper a hybrid system of storing solar energy has been
analyzed. Adding a LHS medium to a commercial solar water heater,
the required energy for heating a small room was obtained in
addition to preparing hot water. In other words, the suggested hybrid
storage system consists of two tanks: a water tank as a SHS medium;
and a paraffin tank as a LHS medium. A computing program was
used to find the optimized time schedule of charging the storage
tanks during each day, according to the solar radiation conditions.
The results show that the use of such system can improve the
capability of energy gathering comparing to the individual water
storage tank during the cold months of the year. Of course, because
of the solar radiation angles and shorten daylight in December &
January, the performance will be the same as the simple solar water
heaters (in the northern hemisphere). But the extra energy stored in
November, February, March & April, can be useful for heating a
small room for 3 hours during the cold days.
Abstract: The Economic factors are leading to the rise of
infrastructures provides software and computing facilities as a
service, known as cloud services or cloud computing. Cloud services
can provide efficiencies for application providers, both by limiting
up-front capital expenses, and by reducing the cost of ownership over
time. Such services are made available in a data center, using shared
commodity hardware for computation and storage. There is a varied
set of cloud services available today, including application services
(salesforce.com), storage services (Amazon S3), compute services
(Google App Engine, Amazon EC2) and data services (Amazon
SimpleDB, Microsoft SQL Server Data Services, Google-s Data
store). These services represent a variety of reformations of data
management architectures, and more are on the horizon.
Abstract: Three batches of yogurts were made with soy protein
isolate (SPI) supplemented with 2% (S2), 4% (S4) or 6% (S6) of
skim milk powder (SMP). The fourth batch (control; S0) was
prepared from SPI without SMP supplementation. Lactobacillus
delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842 (Lb 11842) and
Streptococcus thermophilus ST 1342 (ST 1342) were used as the
starter culture. Biotransformation of the inactive forms, isoflavone
glycosides (IG) to biologically active forms, isoflavone aglycones
(IA), was determined during 28 d storage. The viability of both
microorganisms was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in S2, S4, and S6
than that in S0. The ratio of lactic acid/acetic acid in S0 was in the
range of 15.53 – 22.31 compared to 7.24 – 12.81 in S2, S4 and S6.
The biotransformation of IG to IA in S2, S4 and S6 was also
enhanced by 9.9 -13.3% compared to S0.
Abstract: Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networking is part of
the Inter Planetary Internet with primary application being Deep
Space Networks. Its Terrestrial form has interesting research
applications such as Alagappa University Delay Tolerant Water
Monitoring Network which doubles as test beds for improvising its
routing scheme. DTNs depend on node mobility to deliver packets
using a store-carry-and forward paradigm. Throwboxes are small and
inexpensive stationary devices equipped with wireless interfaces and
storage. We propose the use of Throwboxes to enhance the contact
opportunities of the nodes and hence improve the Throughput. The
enhancement is evaluated using Alunivdtnsim, a desktop simulator in
C language and the results are graphically presented.
Abstract: Grid environments include aggregation of
geographical distributed resources. Grid is put forward in three types
of computational, data and storage. This paper presents a research on
data grid. Data grid is used for covering and securing accessibility to
data from among many heterogeneous sources. Users are not worry
on the place where data is located in it, provided that, they should get
access to the data. Metadata is used for getting access to data in data
grid. Presently, application metadata catalogue and SRB middle-ware
package are used in data grids for management of metadata. At this
paper, possibility of updating, streamlining and searching is provided
simultaneously and rapidly through classified table of preserving
metadata and conversion of each table to numerous tables.
Meanwhile, with regard to the specific application, the most
appropriate and best division is set and determined. Concurrency of
implementation of some of requests and execution of pipeline is
adaptability as a result of this technique.