Abstract: This work consists of a numerical simulation of
convective heat transfer in a vertical plane channel filled with a heat
generating porous medium, in the absence of local thermal
equilibrium. The walls are maintained to a constant temperature and
the inlet velocity is uniform. The dynamic range is described by the
Darcy-Brinkman model and the thermal field by two energy
equations model. A dimensionless formulation is developed for
performing a parametric study based on certain dimensionless groups
such as, the Biot interstitial number, the thermal conductivity ratio
and the volumetric heat generation, q '''. The governing equations are
solved using the finite volume method, gave rise to a multitude of
results concerning in particular the thermal field in the porous
channel and the existence or not of the local thermal equilibrium.
Abstract: Aim of this research study is to investigate and
establish the characteristics of brain dominances (BD) and multiple
intelligences (MI). This experimentation has been conducted for the
sample size of 552 undergraduate computer-engineering students. In
addition, mathematical formulation has been established to exhibit
the relation between thinking and intelligence, and its correlation has
been analyzed. Correlation analysis has been statistically measured
using Pearson’s coefficient. Analysis of the results proves that there
is a strong relational existence between thinking and intelligence.
This research is carried to improve the didactic methods in
engineering learning and also to improve e-learning strategies.
Abstract: Intermittent behavior near the boundary of phase
synchronization in the presence of noise is studied. In certain range of
the coupling parameter and noise intensity the intermittency of eyelet
and ring intermittencies is shown to take place. Main results are
illustrated using the example of two unidirectional coupled Rössler
systems. Similar behavior is shown to take place in two
hydrodynamical models of Pierce diode coupled unidirectional.
Abstract: Steady three-dimensional and two free surface waves
generated by moving bodies are presented, the flow problem to be
simulated is rich in complexity and poses many modeling challenges
because of the existence of breaking waves around the ship hull, and
because of the interaction of the two-phase flow with the turbulent
boundary layer. The results of several simulations are reported. The
first study was performed for NACA0012 of hydrofoil with different
meshes, this section is analyzed at h/c= 1, 0345 for 2D. In the second
simulation a mathematically defined Wigley hull form is used to
investigate the application of a commercial CFD code in prediction of
the total resistance and its components from tangential and normal
forces on the hull wetted surface. The computed resistance and wave
profiles are used to estimate the coefficient of the total resistance for
Wigley hull advancing in calm water under steady conditions. The
commercial CFD software FLUENT version 12 is used for the
computations in the present study. The calculated grid is established
using the code computer GAMBIT 2.3.26. The shear stress k-ωSST
model is used for turbulence modeling and the volume of fluid
technique is employed to simulate the free-surface motion. The
second order upwind scheme is used for discretizing the convection
terms in the momentum transport equations, the Modified HRIC
scheme for VOF discretization. The results obtained compare well
with the experimental data.
Abstract: Steady three-dimensional and two free surface waves
generated by moving bodies are presented, the flow problem to be
simulated is rich in complexity and poses many modeling challenges
because of the existence of breaking waves around the ship hull, and
because of the interaction of the two-phase flow with the turbulent
boundary layer. The results of several simulations are reported. The
first study was performed for NACA0012 of hydrofoil with different
meshes, this section is analyzed at h/c= 1, 0345 for 2D. In the second
simulation a mathematically defined Wigley hull form is used to
investigate the application of a commercial CFD code in prediction of
the total resistance and its components from tangential and normal
forces on the hull wetted surface. The computed resistance and wave
profiles are used to estimate the coefficient of the total resistance for
Wigley hull advancing in calm water under steady conditions. The
commercial CFD software FLUENT version 12 is used for the
computations in the present study. The calculated grid is established
using the code computer GAMBIT 2.3.26. The shear stress k-ωSST
model is used for turbulence modeling and the volume of fluid
technique is employed to simulate the free-surface motion. The
second order upwind scheme is used for discretizing the convection
terms in the momentum transport equations, the Modified HRIC
scheme for VOF discretization. The results obtained compare well
with the experimental data.
Abstract: Dielectric ceramic samples in the BaO-Re2O3-TiO2
ternary system were synthesized with structural formula Ba2-
xRe4+2x/3Ti8O24 where Re= rare earth metal and Re= Sm and La where
x varies from 0.0 to 0.6 with step size 0.1. Polycrystalline samples
were prepared by the conventional solid state reaction technique. The
dielectric, electrical and impedance analysis of all the samples in the
frequency range 1KHz- 1MHz at room temperature (25°C) have been
done to get the understanding of electrical conduction and dielectric
relaxation and their correlation. Dielectric response of the samples at
lower frequencies shows dielectric dispersion while at higher
frequencies it shows dielectric relaxation. The ac conductivity is well
fitted by the Jonscher law. The spectroscopic data in the impedance
plane confirms the existence of grain contribution to the relaxation.
All the properties are found out to be function of frequency as well as
the amount of substitution.
Abstract: The arsenic and iron environments in different growth
stages have been studied with EXAFS and XANES using
Brookhaven Synchrotron Light Source. Collard Greens plants were
grown and tissue samples were harvested. The project studied the
EXAFS and XANES of tissue samples using As and Fe K-edges. The
Fe absorption and the Fourier transform bond length information
were used as a control comparison. The Fourier transform of the
XAFS data revealed the coexistence of As (III) and As (V) in the As
bonding environment inside the studied plant tissue samples,
although the soil only had As (III). The data suggests that Collard
Greens has a novel pathway to handle arsenic absorption in soil.
Abstract: In more complex systems, such as automotive
gearbox, a rigorous treatment of the data is necessary because there
are several moving parts (gears, bearings, shafts, etc.), and in this
way, there are several possible sources of errors and also noise. The
basic objective of this work is the detection of damage in automotive
gearbox. The detection methods used are the wavelet method, the
bispectrum; advanced filtering techniques (selective filtering) of
vibrational signals and mathematical morphology. Gearbox vibration
tests were performed (gearboxes in good condition and with defects)
of a production line of a large vehicle assembler. The vibration
signals are obtained using five accelerometers in different positions
of the sample. The results obtained using the kurtosis, bispectrum,
wavelet and mathematical morphology showed that it is possible to
identify the existence of defects in automotive gearboxes.
Abstract: This paper discusses the value theory in cultural
heritage and the value theory in environmental economics. Two
economic views of the value theory are compared, within the field of
cultural heritage maintenance and within the field of the environment.
The main aims are to find common features in these two differently
structured theories under the layer of differently defined terms as well
as really differing features of these two approaches; to clear the
confusion which stems from different terminology as in fact these
terms capture the same aspects of reality; and to show possible
inspiration these two perspectives can offer one another. Another aim
is to present these two value systems in one value framework. First,
important moments of the value theory from the economic
perspective are presented, leading to the marginal revolution of (not
only) the Austrian School. Then the theory of value within cultural
heritage and environmental economics are explored. Finally,
individual approaches are compared and their potential mutual
inspiration searched for.
Abstract: Interaction of Schiff base complexes of Iron and
Manganese: Iron [N, N’ Bis (5- (triphenyl phosphonium methyl)
salicylidene) -1, 2 ethanediamine) chloride, [Fe Salen]Cl; Manganese
[N, N’ Bis (5- (triphenyl phosphonium methyl) salicylidene) -1, 2
ethanediamine) acetate, were investigated by spectroscopic and
isothermal titration calorimetry techniques (ITC).
The absorbance spectra of complexes have shown hyper and
hypochromism in the presence of DNA that is indication of
interaction of complexes with DNA. The linear dichroism (LD)
measurements confirmed the bending of DNA in the presence of
complexes.
Furthermore, Isothermal titration calorimetry experiments
approved that complexes bound to DNA on the base of both
electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. More, ITC profile exhibits
the existence of two binding phases for the complexes. Antibacterial
activity of ligand and complexes were tested in vitro to evaluate their
activity against the gram positive and negative bacteria.
Abstract: Paints are the most widely used methods of protection
against atmospheric corrosion of metals. The aim of this work was to
determine the protective performance of epoxy coating against sea
water before and after damage.
Investigations are conducted using stationary and non-stationary
electrochemical tools such as electrochemical impedance
spectroscopy has allowed us to characterize the protective qualities of
these films. The application of the EIS on our damaged in-situ
painting shows the existence of several capacitive loops which is an
indicator of the failure of our tested paint. Microscopic analysis
(micrograph) helped bring essential elements in understanding the
degradation of our paint condition and immersion training corrosion
products.
Abstract: Although there had been a many studies that shows
the impact of air pollution on physical health, comparatively less was
known of human behavioral responses and annoyance impacts.
Annoyance caused by air pollution is a public health problem because
it can be an ambient stressor causing stress and disease and can affect
quality of life. The objective of this work is to evaluate the
annoyance caused by air pollution in two different industrialized
urban areas, Dunkirk (France) and Vitoria (Brazil). The populations
of these cities often report feeling annoyed by dust. Surveys were
conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using statistical
analyses. The results show that sociodemographic variables,
importance of air quality, perceived industrial risk, perceived air
pollution and occurrence of health problems play important roles in
the perceived annoyance. These results show the existence of a
common problem in geographically distant areas and allow
stakeholders to develop prevention strategies.
Abstract: The objectives of study are the following: To study
the way of life in terms of one hundred years co-existence of the
Muslim and local community in this area 2) To analyze factors affect
to this community with happy co-existence. The study requires
quantitative research to study a history together with the study of
humanity. The result of this study showed that the area of Petchburi
7 community is an ancient area which has owned by the Muslim for
almost 100 years. There is a sanctuary as & center of unity. Later
Bangkok becomes developed and provides more infrastructures like
motorway and other transportation: however, the owners of lands in
this community still keep their lands and build many buildings to run
business. With this purpose, there are many non-Muslim people come
to live here with co-existence. Not only are they convenient to work
but also easy to transport by sky train. There are factors that make
them live harmonious as following: 1) All Muslims in this area are
strict to follow their rules and allocate their community for business.
2) All people, who come and live here, are middle-aged and working
men and women. They, rent rooms closed to their work. 3) There are
Muslim food and desserts, especially Roti, the popular fried flour,
and local Chachak, tea originated from the south of Thailand. All
these food and desserts are famous for working men and women to
home and join after work 4) All Muslim in this area are independent
to lead their own lives although a society changes rapidly.
Abstract: The borate glasses are known by their structural
characterized by existence of unit’s structural composed by triangles
and tetrahedrons boron in different configurations depending on the
percentage of B2O3 in the glass chemical composition. In this paper,
effect of lithium oxide addition on the thermal and physical
properties of an alumina borate glass, was investigated. It was found
that the boron abnormality has a significant effect in the change of
glass properties according to the addition rate of lithium oxide.
Abstract: VACTERL association is a rare disorder with various
congenital malformations. The aetiology remains unknown.
Combination of at least three congenital anomalies of the following
criteria is required for diagnosis: vertebral defects, anal atresia,
cardiac anomalies, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, and
limb defects. The first case was 1-day old male neonate with multiple
congenital anomalies was bore from 28 years old mother. The mother
had history of pregnancy with lymphocyte therapy. His anomalies
included: defects in thoracic and lumbar vertebral, anal atresia,
bilateral hydronephrosis, atrial septal defect, and lower limb
abnormality. Other anomalies were cryptorchidism and nasal canal
narrowing. The second case was born with 32 weeks gestational age
from mother with history of pregnancy with lymphocyte therapy. He
had thoracic vertebral defect, cardiac anomalies and renal defect.
diagnosis based on clinical finding is VACTERL association. Early
diagnosis is very important to investigation and treatment of other
coexistence anomalies. VACTERL association in mothers with
history of pregnancy with lymphocyte therapy has suggested possibly
of relationship between VACTERL association and this method of
pregnancy.
Abstract: Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has always been of
great interest in the food and agriculture industries. The development
of prediction models has facilitated the estimation process in recent
years. In this study, 110 crude palm oil (CPO) samples were used to
build a free fatty acid (FFA) prediction model. 60% of the collected
data were used for training purposes and the remaining 40% used for
testing. The visible peaks on the NIR spectrum were at 1725 nm and
1760 nm, indicating the existence of the first overtone of C-H bands.
Principal component regression (PCR) was applied to the data in
order to build this mathematical prediction model. The optimal
number of principal components was 10. The results showed
R2=0.7147 for the training set and R2=0.6404 for the testing set.
Abstract: The research conducted in early seventies apparently
assumed the existence of a universal decision model for union
negotiators and furthermore tended to regard financial information as
a ‘neutral’ input into a rational decision making process. However,
research in the eighties began to question the neutrality of financial
information as an input in collective bargaining rather viewing it as a
potentially effective means for controlling the labour force.
Furthermore, this later research also started challenging the simplistic
assumptions relating particularly to union objectives which have
underpinned the earlier search for universal union decision models.
Despite the above developments there seems to be a dearth of studies
in developing countries concerning the use of financial information in
collective bargaining. This paper seeks to begin to remedy this
deficiency. Utilising a case study approach based on two enterprises,
one in the public sector and the other a multinational, the universal
decision model is rejected and it is argued that the decision whether
or not to use financial information is a contingent one and such a
contingency is largely defined by the context and environment in
which both union and management negotiators work. An attempt is
also made to identify the factors constraining as well as promoting
the use of financial information in collective bargaining, these being
regarded as unique to the organisations within which the case studies
are conducted.
Abstract: Oases are complex and fragile agro-ecosystems. They
have always existed in environments characterized by an arid climate,
scarcity of rainfall, high temperatures and high evaporation. These
palms have grown up despite the severity of the physical
characteristics thanks to the water's existence and irrigation practice.
The oases are generally spread along non-perennial rivers (wadis),
shallow water table or deep artesian groundwater. However, the
sustainability of oasis system is threatened by water scarcity and
declining of water table levels particularly in arid areas. Located in
the southern east area of Morocco, Tafilalet plain encompasses one of
the largest palm groves in the kingdom. In recent years, this area has
become increasingly threatened by water shortage and has seen a
sharp deterioration under the effect of several combined
anthropogenic and climatic factors. The Bayoud disease, successive
years of drought, Hassan Addakhil dam construction etc are all
factors that have affected both water and phoenicicole heritage of the
area. The objective of this study is to understand the interaction
between qualitative and quantitative degradation of groundwater
resources, and the palm grove dynamics, while reviewing the
assumption that groundwater resources contribute in a direct way to
the conservation of this oasis agroecosystem. A historical analysis
tracing both the oasis dynamics and the groundwater evolution has
been established. Data were collected from satellite images, surveys
with different actors (farmers, Regional Office for Agricultural
Development, Basin agency...). They were complemented by a
synthesis of numerous technical reports in the area. The results
showed that within 40 years, the thickness of the groundwater table
has dropped in 50 %. Along with this, there has been a downsizing of
date palm by 50 %. Areas with higher groundwater level were the
least affected by the downsizing. So we can say that the shallow
groundwater contribute significantly and directly to the water supply
of date palm through its root system, and largely ensures the oasis
ecosystem sustainability.
Abstract: Vacuum insulation panel (VIP) is a promising thermal
insulator for buildings, refrigerator, LNG carrier and so on. In general,
it has the thermal conductivity of 2~4 mW/m·K. However, this thermal
conductivity is that measured at the center of VIP. The total effective
thermal conductivity of VIP is larger than this value due to the edge
conduction through the envelope. In this paper, the edge conduction of
VIP is examined theoretically, numerically and experimentally. To
confirm the existence of the edge conduction, numerical analysis is
performed for simple two-dimensional VIP model and a theoretical
model is proposed to calculate the edge conductivity. Also, the edge
conductivity is measured using the vacuum guarded hot plate and the
experiment is validated against numerical analysis. The results show
that the edge conductivity is dependent on the width of panel and
thickness of Al-foil. To reduce the edge conduction, it is recommended
that the VIP should be made as big as possible or made of thin Al film
envelope.
Abstract: Electricity is recognized as fundamental to
industrialization and improving the quality of life of the people.
Harnessing the immense untapped hydropower potential in Tripura
region opens avenues for growth and provides an opportunity to
improve the well-being of the people of the region, while making
substantial contribution to the national economy. Gumti hydro power
plant generates power to mitigate the crisis of power in Tripura,
India. The first unit of hydro power plant (5MW) was commissioned
in June 1976 & another two units of 5 MW was commissioned
simultaneously. But out of 15MW capacity at present only 8MW-
9MW power is produced from Gumti hydro power plant during rainy
season. But during lean season the production reduces to 0.5MW due
to shortage of water. Now, it is essential to implement some
mitigation measures so that the further atrocities can be prevented
and originality will be possible to restore. The decision making
ability of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Concordance
Analysis Techniques (CAT) are utilized to identify the better decision
or solution to the present problem. Some related attributes are
identified by the method of surveying within the experts and the
available reports and literatures. Similar criteria are removed and
ultimately seven relevant ones are identified. All the attributes are
compared with each other and rated accordingly to their importance
over the other with the help of Pair wise Comparison Matrix. In the
present investigation different mitigation measures are identified and
compared to find the best suitable alternative which can solve the
present uncertainties involving the existence of the Gumti Hydro
Power Plant.