Abstract: In recent years, many researches to mine the exploding Web world, especially User Generated Content (UGC) such as
weblogs, for knowledge about various phenomena and events in the physical world have been done actively, and also Web services
with the Web-mined knowledge have begun to be developed for
the public. However, there are few detailed investigations on how accurately Web-mined data reflect physical-world data. It must be
problematic to idolatrously utilize the Web-mined data in public Web services without ensuring their accuracy sufficiently. Therefore,
this paper introduces the simplest Web Sensor and spatiotemporallynormalized
Web Sensor to extract spatiotemporal data about a target
phenomenon from weblogs searched by keyword(s) representing the
target phenomenon, and tries to validate the potential and reliability of the Web-sensed spatiotemporal data by four kinds of granularity
analyses of coefficient correlation with temperature, rainfall, snowfall,
and earthquake statistics per day by region of Japan Meteorological
Agency as physical-world data: spatial granularity (region-s population
density), temporal granularity (time period, e.g., per day vs. per week), representation granularity (e.g., “rain" vs. “heavy rain"), and
media granularity (weblogs vs. microblogs such as Tweets).
Abstract: Most electrical distribution systems are incurring large
losses as the loads are wide spread, inadequate reactive power
compensation facilities and their improper control. A typical static
VAR compensator consists of capacitor bank in binary sequential
steps operated in conjunction with a thyristor controlled reactor of the
smallest step size. This SVC facilitates stepless control of reactive
power closely matching with load requirements so as to maintain
power factor nearer to unity. This type of SVC-s requiring a
appropriately controlled TCR. This paper deals with an air cored
reactor suitable for distribution transformer of 3phase, 50Hz, Dy11,
11KV/433V, 125 KVA capacity. Air cored reactors are designed,
built, tested and operated in conjunction with capacitor bank in five
binary sequential steps. It is established how the delta connected TCR
minimizes the harmonic components and the operating range for
various electrical quantities as a function of firing angle is
investigated. In particular firing angle v/s line & phase currents, D.C.
components, THD-s, active and reactive powers, odd and even triplen
harmonics, dominant characteristic harmonics are all investigated and
range of firing angle is fixed for satisfactory operation. The harmonic
spectra for phase and line quantities at specified firing angles are
given. In case the TCR is operated within the bound specified in this
paper established through simulation studies are yielding the best
possible operating condition particularly free from all dominant
harmonics.
Abstract: In real-time networks a large number of application programs are relying on video data and heterogeneous data transmission techniques. The aim of this research is presenting a method for end-to-end vouch quality service in surface applicationlayer for sending video data in comparison form in wireless heterogeneous networks. This method tries to improve the video sending over the wireless heterogeneous networks with used techniques in surface layer, link and application. The offered method is showing a considerable improvement in quality observing by user. In addition to this, other specifications such as shortage of data load that had require to resending and limited the relation period length to require time for second data sending, help to be used the offered method in the wireless devices that have a limited energy. The presented method and the achieved improvement is simulated and presented in the NS-2 software.
Abstract: Accident in spent fuel pool (SFP) of Fukushima
Daiichi Unit 4 showed the importance of continuous monitoring of the
key environmental parameters such as water temperature, water level,
and radiation level in the SFP at accident conditions. Because the SFP
water temperature is one of the key parameters indicating SFP
conditions, its behavior at accident conditions shall be understood to
prepare appropriate measures. This study estimated temporal change
in the SFP water temperature at Kori Unit 1 with 587 MWe for 1 hour
after initiation of a loss-of-pool-cooling accident. For the estimation,
ANSYS CFX 13.0 code was used. The estimation showed that the
increasing rate of the water temperature was 3.90C per hour and the
SFP water temperature could reach 1000C in 25.6 hours after the
initiation of loss-of-pool-cooling accident.
Abstract: In this work, we analyze the deformation of surface
waves in shallow flows conditions, propagating in a channel of
slowly varying cross-section. Based on a singular perturbation
technique, the main purpose is to predict the motion of waves by
using a dimensionless formulation of the governing equations,
considering that the longitudinal variation of the transversal section
obey a power-law distribution. We show that the spatial distribution
of the waves in the varying cross-section is a function of a kinematic
parameter,κ , and two geometrical parameters εh
and w ε . The above
spatial behavior of the surface elevation is modeled by an ordinary
differential equation. The use of single formulas to model the varying
cross sections or transitions considered in this work can be a useful
approximation to natural or artificial geometrical configurations.
Abstract: With the proliferation of multi-channel retailing, developing a better understanding of the factors that affect customers- purchase behaviors within a multi-channel retail context has become an important topic for practitioners and academics. While many studies have investigated the various customer behaviors associated with brick-and-mortar retailing, online retailing, and brick-and-click retailing, little research has explored how customer shopping value perceptions influence online purchase behaviors within the TV-and-online retail environment. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of TV and online shopping values on online patronage intention. Data collected from 116 respondents in Taiwan are tested against the research model using the partial least squares (PLS) approach. The results indicate that utilitarian and hedonic TV shopping values have indirect, positive influences on online patronage intention through their online counterparts in the TV-and-online retail context. The findings of this study provide several important theoretical and practical implications for multi-channel retailing.
Abstract: Cryptographic protocols are widely used in various
applications to provide secure communications. They are usually
represented as communicating agents that send and receive messages.
These agents use their knowledge to exchange information and
communicate with other agents involved in the protocol. An agent
knowledge can be partitioned into explicit knowledge and procedural
knowledge. The explicit knowledge refers to the set of information
which is either proper to the agent or directly obtained from other
agents through communication. The procedural knowledge relates to
the set of mechanisms used to get new information from what is
already available to the agent.
In this paper, we propose a mathematical framework which specifies
the explicit knowledge of an agent involved in a cryptographic
protocol. Modelling this knowledge is crucial for the specification,
analysis, and implementation of cryptographic protocols. We also,
report on a prototype tool that allows the representation and the
manipulation of the explicit knowledge.
Abstract: The shortest path (SP) problem concerns with finding the shortest path from a specific origin to a specified destination in a given network while minimizing the total cost associated with the path. This problem has widespread applications. Important applications of the SP problem include vehicle routing in transportation systems particularly in the field of in-vehicle Route Guidance System (RGS) and traffic assignment problem (in transportation planning). Well known applications of evolutionary methods like Genetic Algorithms (GA), Ant Colony Optimization, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have come up to solve complex optimization problems to overcome the shortcomings of existing shortest path analysis methods. It has been reported by various researchers that PSO performs better than other evolutionary optimization algorithms in terms of success rate and solution quality. Further Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have emerged as key information systems for geospatial data analysis and visualization. This research paper is focused towards the application of PSO for solving the shortest path problem between multiple points of interest (POI) based on spatial data of Allahabad City and traffic speed data collected using GPS. Geovisualization of results of analysis is carried out in GIS.
Abstract: Cancer becomes one of the leading cause of death in
many countries over the world. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR)
spectra of human lung cancer cells (A549) treated with PMF (natural
product extracted from PM 701) for different time intervals were
examined. Second derivative and difference method were taken in
comparison studies. Cesium (Cs) and Rubidium (Rb) nanoparticles in
PMF were detected by Energy Dispersive X-ray attached to Scanning
Electron Microscope SEM-EDX. Characteristic changes in protein
secondary structure, lipid profile and changes in the intensities of
DNA bands were identified in treated A549 cells spectra. A
characteristic internucleosomal ladder of DNA fragmentation was
also observed after 30 min of treatment. Moreover, the pH values
were significantly increases upon treatment due to the presence of Cs
and Rb nanoparticles in the PMF fraction. These results support the
previous findings that PMF is selective anticancer agent and can
produce apoptosis to A549 cells.
Abstract: Radial flow reactor was focused for large scale
methanol synthesis and in which the heat transfer type was cross-flow.
The effects of operating conditions including the reactor inlet air
temperature, the heating pipe temperature and the air flow rate on the
cross-flow heat transfer was investigated and the results showed that
the temperature profile of the area in front of the heating pipe was
slightly affected by all the operating conditions. The main area whose
temperature profile was influenced was the area behind the heating
pipe. The heat transfer direction according to the air flow directions. In
order to provide the basis for radial flow reactor design calculation, the
dimensionless number group method was used for data fitting of the
bed effective thermal conductivity and the wall heat transfer
coefficient which was calculated by the mathematical model with the
product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number. The comparison of
experimental data and calculated value showed that the calculated
value fit the experimental data very well and the formulas could be
used for reactor designing calculation.
Abstract: lack of convenience condition is one of the problems
in open spaces in hot and dry regions. Nowadays parks and green
landscapes was designed and constructed without any attention to
convenience condition. If this process continues, Citizens will encounter
with some problems. Harsh climatic condition decreases the
efficiency of people-s activities. However there is hard environment
condition in hot and dry regions, Convenience condition has been
provided in Iranian traditional architecture by using techniques and
methods. In this research at the first step characteristics of Iranian
garden that can effect on creating sustainable spaces were
investigated through observation method. Pleasure space in cities will
be created with using these methods and techniques in future cities.
Furthermore the comparison between Iranian garden and landscape in
today-s cities demonstrate the effectiveness of Iranian garden
characteristics on sustainable spaces. Iranian architects used simple
and available methods for creating open architectural spaces. In
addition desirable conditions were provided with taking in to account
both physically and spiritually. Parks and landscapes in future cities
can be designed and constructed with respect to architectural
techniques that used in Iranian gardens in hot and arid regions.
Abstract: Multi-site damage (MSD) has been a challenge to
aircraft, civil and power plant structures. In real life components are subjected to cracking at many vulnerable locations such as the bolt
holes. However, we do not consider for the presence of multiple cracks. Unlike components with a single crack, these components are
difficult to predict. When two cracks approach one another, their
stress fields influence each other and produce enhancing or shielding effect depending on the position of the cracks. In the present study,
numerical studies on fracture analysis have been conducted by using
the developed code based on the modified virtual crack closure integral (MVCCI) technique and finite element analysis (FEA) software ABAQUS for computing SIF of plates with multiple cracks.
Various parametric studies have been carried out and the results have
been compared with literature where ever available and also with the solution, obtained by using ABAQUS. By conducting extensive
numerical studies expressions for SIF have been obtained for collinear cracks and non-aligned cracks.
Abstract: A glider is in essence an unpowered vehicle and in this project we designed and built an oceanic glider, designed to operate underwater. This Glider was designed to collect ocean data such as temperature, pressure and (in future measures physical dimensions of the operating environment) and output this data to an external source. Development of the Oceanic Glider required research into various actuation systems that control buoyancy, pitch and yaw and the dynamics of these systems. It also involved the design and manufacture of the Glider and the design and implementation of a controller that enabled the Glider to navigate and move in an appropriate manner.
Abstract: Environmental statistics reveals that the pollution of
acid rain in South Korea is a serious issue. Yet the awareness of people
is low. Even after a gradual decrease of pollutant emission in Korea,
the acidity has not been reduced. There no boundaries in the
atmosphere are set and the influence of the neighboring countries such
as China is apparent. Governmental efforts among China, Japan and
Korea have been made on this issue. However, not much progress has
been observed. Along with the governmental activities, therefore, an
active monitoring of the pollution among the countries and the
promotion of environmental awareness at the civil level including
especially the middle and high schools are highly recommended. It
will be this young generation who will face damaged country as
inheritance not the current generation.
Abstract: The pavement constructions on soft and expansive soils are not durable and unable to sustain heavy traffic loading. As a result, pavement failures and settlement problems will occur very often even under light traffic loading due to cyclic and rolling effects. Geotechnical engineers have dwelled deeply into this matter, and adopt various methods to improve the engineering characteristics of soft fine-grained soils and expansive soils. The problematic soils are either replaced by good and better quality material or treated by using chemical stabilization with various binding materials. Increased the strength and durability are also the part of the sustainability drive to reduce the environment footprint of the built environment by the efficient use of resources and waste recycle materials. This paper presents a series of laboratory tests and evaluates the effect of cement and fly ash on the strength and drainage characteristics of soil in Miri. The tests were performed at different percentages of cement and fly ash by dry weight of soil. Additional tests were also performed on soils treated with the combinations of fly ash with cement and lime. The results of this study indicate an increase in unconfined compression strength and a decrease in hydraulic conductivity of the treated soil.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel time-frequency distribution (TFD) for the analysis of multi-component signals. In particular, we use synthetic as well as real-life speech signals to prove the superiority of the proposed TFD in comparison to some existing ones. In the comparison, we consider the cross-terms suppression and the high energy concentration of the signal around its instantaneous frequency (IF).
Abstract: Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are increasing in importance everyday, especially since the 90’s (last decade of birth for the Millennials generation). While social interactions involving the Millennials generation have been studied, a lack of investigation remains regarding the use of the ICT by this generation as well as the impact on outcomes in education and professional training. Observing and interviewing students preparing a MSc, we aimed at characterizing the interaction students-ICT during the courses. We found that up to 50% of the students (mainly female) could use ICT during courses at a rate of 0.84 occurrence/minutes for some of them, and they thought this involvement did not disturb learning, even was helpful. As recent researches show that multitasking leads people think they are much better than they actually are, further observations with assessments are needed to conclude whether or not the use ICT by students during the courses is a real strength.
Abstract: Monitoring of ecological systems is one of the major
issues in ecosystem research. The concepts and methodology of
mathematical systems theory provide useful tools to face this
problem. In many cases, state monitoring of a complex ecological
system consists in observation (measurement) of certain state
variables, and the whole state process has to be determined from the
observed data. The solution proposed in the paper is the design of an
observer system, which makes it possible to approximately recover
the state process from its partial observation. The method is
illustrated with a trophic chain of resource – producer – primary
consumer type and a numerical example is also presented.
Abstract: Cerium-doped lanthanum bromide LaBr3:Ce(5%)
crystals are considered to be one of the most advanced scintillator
materials used in PET scanning, combining a high light yield, fast
decay time and excellent energy resolution. Apart from the correct
choice of scintillator, it is also important to optimise the detector
geometry, not least in terms of source-to-detector distance in order to
obtain reliable measurements and efficiency. In this study a
commercially available 25 mm x 25 mm BrilLanCeTM 380 LaBr3: Ce
(5%) detector was characterised in terms of its efficiency at varying
source-to-detector distances. Gamma-ray spectra of 22Na, 60Co, and
137Cs were separately acquired at distances of 5, 10, 15, and 20cm. As
a result of the change in solid angle subtended by the detector, the
geometric efficiency reduced in efficiency with increasing distance.
High efficiencies at low distances can cause pulse pile-up when
subsequent photons are detected before previously detected events
have decayed. To reduce this systematic error the source-to-detector
distance should be balanced between efficiency and pulse pile-up
suppression as otherwise pile-up corrections would need to be
necessary at short distances. In addition to the experimental
measurements Monte Carlo simulations have been carried out for the
same setup, allowing a comparison of results. The advantages and
disadvantages of each approach have been highlighted.
Abstract: Quality of 2D and 3D cross-sectional images produce
by Computed Tomography primarily depend upon the degree of
precision of primary and secondary X-Ray intensity detection.
Traditional method of primary intensity detection is apt to errors.
Recently the X-Ray intensity measurement system along with smart
X-Ray sensors is developed by our group which is able to detect
primary X-Ray intensity unerringly. In this study a new smart X-Ray
sensor is developed using Light-to-Frequency converter TSL230
from Texas Instruments which has numerous advantages in terms of
noiseless data acquisition and transmission. TSL230 construction is
based on a silicon photodiode which converts incoming X-Ray
radiation into the proportional current signal. A current to frequency
converter is attached to this photodiode on a single monolithic CMOS
integrated circuit which provides proportional frequency count to
incoming current signal in the form of the pulse train. The frequency
count is delivered to the center of PICDEM FS USB board with
PIC18F4550 microcontroller mounted on it. With highly compact
electronic hardware, this Demo Board efficiently read the smart
sensor output data. The frequency output approaches overcome
nonlinear behavior of sensors with analog output thus un-attenuated
X-Ray intensities could be measured precisely and better
normalization could be acquired in order to attain high resolution.