Abstract: This article presents new current-mode oscillator circuits using CDTAs which is designed from block diagram. The proposed circuits consist of two CDTAs and two grounded capacitors. The condition of oscillation and the frequency of oscillation can be adjusted by electronic method. The circuits have high output impedance and use only grounded capacitors without any external resistor which is very appropriate to future development into an integrated circuit. The results of PSPICE simulation program are corresponding to the theoretical analysis.
Abstract: Social interest and demand on Home-Network has
been increasing greatly. Although various services are being
introduced to respond to such demands, they can cause serious
security problems when linked to the open network such as Internet.
This paper reviews the security requirements to protect the service
users with assumption that the Home-Network environment is
connected to Internet and then proposes the security model based on
the requirement. The proposed security model can satisfy most of the
requirements and further can be dynamically applied to the future
ubiquitous Home-Networks.
Abstract: Intelligent systems based on machine learning
techniques, such as classification, clustering, are gaining wide spread
popularity in real world applications. This paper presents work on
developing a software system for predicting crop yield, for example
oil-palm yield, from climate and plantation data. At the core of our
system is a method for unsupervised partitioning of data for finding
spatio-temporal patterns in climate data using kernel methods which
offer strength to deal with complex data. This work gets inspiration
from the notion that a non-linear data transformation into some high
dimensional feature space increases the possibility of linear
separability of the patterns in the transformed space. Therefore, it
simplifies exploration of the associated structure in the data. Kernel
methods implicitly perform a non-linear mapping of the input data
into a high dimensional feature space by replacing the inner products
with an appropriate positive definite function. In this paper we
present a robust weighted kernel k-means algorithm incorporating
spatial constraints for clustering the data. The proposed algorithm
can effectively handle noise, outliers and auto-correlation in the
spatial data, for effective and efficient data analysis by exploring
patterns and structures in the data, and thus can be used for
predicting oil-palm yield by analyzing various factors affecting the
yield.
Abstract: Chevron frames (Inverted-V-braced frames or Vbraced
frames) have seismic disadvantages, such as not good exhibit force redistribution capability and compression brace buckles
immediately. Researchers developed new design provisions on
increasing both the ductility and lateral resistance of these structures
in seismic areas. One of these new methods is adding zipper columns, as proposed by Khatib et al. (1988) [2]. Zipper columns are
vertical members connecting the intersection points of the braces
above the first floor. In this paper applicability of the suspended
zipper system to Seismic Rehabilitation of Steel Structures is investigated.
The models are 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-story Inverted-V-braced frames.
In this case, it is assumed that the structures must be rehabilitated. For rehabilitation of structures, zipper column is used. The result of
researches showed that the suspended zipper system is effective in
case of 3-, 6-, and 9-story Inverted-V-braced frames and it would
increase lateral resistance of structure up to life safety level. But in
case of high-rise buildings (such as 12 story frame), it doesn-t show
good performance. For solving this problem, the braced bay can
consist of small “units" over the height of the entire structure, which each of them is a zipper-braced bay with a few stories. By using this
method the lateral resistance of 12 story Inverted-V-braced frames is increased up to safety life level.
Abstract: The importance of inter-organizational system (IOS)
has been increasingly recognized by organizations. However, IOS
adoption has proved to be difficult and, at this stage, why this is so is
not fully uncovered. In practice, benefits have often remained
concentrated, primarily accruing to the dominant party, resulting in
low rates of adoption and usage, and often culminating in the failure
of the IOS. The main research question is why organizations initiate
or join IOS and what factors influence their adoption and use levels.
This paper reviews the literature on IOS adoption and proposes a
theoretical framework in order to identify the critical factors to
capture a complete picture of IOS adoption. With our proposed
critical factors, we are able to investigate their relative contributions
to IOS adoption decisions. We obtain findings that suggested that
there are five groups of factors that significantly affect the adoption
and use decision of IOS in the Supply Chain Management (SCM)
context: 1) interorganizational context, 2) organizational context, 3)
technological context, 4) perceived costs, and 5) perceived benefits.
Abstract: In this study, a reformer model simulation to use
refinery (Farashband refinery, Iran) waste natural gas. In the
petroleum and allied sectors where natural gas is being encountered
(in form of associated gas) without prior preparation for its positive
use, its combustion (which takes place in flares, an equipment through
which they are being disposed) has become a great problem because
of its associated environmental problems in form of gaseous emission.
The proposed model is used to product syngas from waste natural gas.
A detailed steady model described by a set of ordinary differential and
algebraic equations was developed to predict the behavior of the
overall process. The proposed steady reactor model was validated
against process data of a reformer synthesis plant recorded and a good
agreement was achieved. H2/CO ratio has important effect on Fischer-
Tropsch synthesis reactor product and we try to achieve this parameter
with best designing reformer reactor. We study different kind of
reformer reactors and then select auto thermal reforming process of
natural gas in a fixed bed reformer that adjustment H2/CO ratio with
CO2 and H2O injection. Finally a strategy was proposed for prevention
of extra natural gas to atmosphere.
Abstract: The recent developments in computing and
communication technology permit to users to access multimedia
documents with variety of devices (PCs, PDAs, mobile phones...)
having heterogeneous capabilities. This diversification of supports
has trained the need to adapt multimedia documents according to
their execution contexts. A semantic framework for multimedia
document adaptation based on the conceptual neighborhood graphs
was proposed. In this framework, adapting consists on finding
another specification that satisfies the target constraints and which is
as close as possible from the initial document. In this paper, we
propose a new way of building the conceptual neighborhood graphs
to best preserve the proximity between the adapted and the original
documents and to deal with more elaborated relations models by
integrating the relations relaxation graphs that permit to handle the
delays and the distances defined within the relations.
Abstract: This paper presents the development of adaptive
distance relay for protection of parallel transmission line with mutual
coupling. The proposed adaptive relay, automatically adjusts its
operation based on the acquisition of the data from distance relay of
adjacent line and status of adjacent line from line circuit breaker IED
(Intelligent Electronic Device). The zero sequence current of the
adjacent parallel transmission line is used to compute zero sequence
current ratio and the mutual coupling effect is fully compensated.
The relay adapts to changing circumstances, like failure in
communication from other relays and non - availability of adjacent
transmission line. The performance of the proposed adaptive relay is
tested using steady state and dynamic test procedures. The fault
transients are obtained by simulating a realistic parallel transmission
line system with mutual coupling effect in PSCAD. The evaluation
test results show the efficacy of adaptive distance relay over the
conventional distance relay.
Abstract: This research proposes a methodology for patent-citation-based technology input-output analysis by applying the patent information to input-output analysis developed for the dependencies among different industries. For this analysis, a technology relationship matrix and its components, as well as input and technology inducement coefficients, are constructed using patent information. Then, a technology inducement coefficient is calculated by normalizing the degree of citation from certain IPCs to the different IPCs (International patent classification) or to the same IPCs. Finally, we construct a Dependency Structure Matrix (DSM) based on the technology inducement coefficient to suggest a useful application for this methodology.
Abstract: A Data Warehouses is a repository of information
integrated from source data. Information stored in data warehouse is
the form of materialized in order to provide the better performance
for answering the queries. Deciding which appropriated views to be
materialized is one of important problem. In order to achieve this
requirement, the constructing search space close to optimal is a
necessary task. It will provide effective result for selecting view to be
materialized. In this paper we have proposed an approach to reoptimize
Multiple View Processing Plan (MVPP) by using global
common subexpressions. The merged queries which have query
processing cost not close to optimal would be rewritten. The
experiment shows that our approach can help to improve the total
query processing cost of MVPP and sum of query processing cost
and materialized view maintenance cost is reduced as well after views
are selected to be materialized.
Abstract: In this paper, an Interactive Compromise Approach
with Particle Swarm Optimization(ICA-PSO) is presented to solve the
Economic Emission Dispatch(EED) problem. The cost function and
emission function are modeled as the nonsmooth functions,
respectively. The bi-objective including both the minimization of cost
and emission is formulated in this paper. ICA-PSO is proposed to
solve EED problem for finding a better compromise solution. The
solution methodology can offer a global or near-global solution for
decision-making requirements. The effectiveness and efficiency of
ICA-PSO are demonstrated by a sample test system. Test results can
be shown that the proposed method provide a practical and flexible
framework for power dispatch.
Abstract: Stick models are widely used in studying the
behaviour of straight as well as skew bridges and viaducts subjected
to earthquakes while carrying out preliminary studies. The
application of such models to highly curved bridges continues to
pose challenging problems. A viaduct proposed in the foothills of the
Himalayas in Northern India is chosen for the study. It is having 8
simply supported spans @ 30 m c/c. It is doubly curved in horizontal
plane with 20 m radius. It is inclined in vertical plane as well. The
superstructure consists of a box section. Three models have been
used: a conventional stick model, an improved stick model and a 3D
finite element model. The improved stick model is employed by
making use of body constraints in order to study its capabilities. The
first 8 frequencies are about 9.71% away in the latter two models.
Later the difference increases to 80% in 50th mode. The viaduct was
subjected to all three components of the El Centro earthquake of May
1940. The numerical integration was carried out using the Hilber-
Hughes-Taylor method as implemented in SAP2000. Axial forces
and moments in the bridge piers as well as lateral displacements at
the bearing levels are compared for the three models. The maximum
difference in the axial forces and bending moments and
displacements vary by 25% between the improved and finite element
model. Whereas, the maximum difference in the axial forces,
moments, and displacements in various sections vary by 35%
between the improved stick model and equivalent straight stick
model. The difference for torsional moment was as high as 75%. It is
concluded that the stick model with body constraints to model the
bearings and expansion joints is not desirable in very sharp S curved
viaducts even for preliminary analysis. This model can be used only
to determine first 10 frequency and mode shapes but not for member
forces. A 3D finite element analysis must be carried out for
meaningful results.
Abstract: Possible advantages of technology in educational
context required the defining boundaries of formal and informal
learning. Increasing opportunity to ubiquitous learning by
technological support has revealed a question of how to discover
the potential of individuals in the spontaneous environments such as
social networks. This seems to be related with the question of what
purposes in social networks have been being used? Social networks
provide various advantages in educational context as collaboration,
knowledge sharing, common interests, active participation and
reflective thinking. As a consequence of these, the purpose of this
study is composed of proposing a new model that could determine
factors which effect adoption of social network applications for usage
in educational context. While developing a model proposal, the
existing adoption and diffusion models have been reviewed and they
are thought to be suitable on handling an original perspective instead
of using completely other diffusion or acceptance models because of
different natures of education from other organizations. In the
proposed model; social factors, perceived ease of use, perceived
usefulness and innovativeness are determined four direct constructs
that effect adoption process. Facilitating conditions, image,
subjective norms and community identity are incorporated to model
as antecedents of these direct four constructs.
Abstract: In this paper, we address the problem of adaptive radio
resource allocation (RRA) and packet scheduling in the downlink of a
cellular OFDMA system, and propose a downlink multi-carrier
proportional fair (MPF) scheduler and its joint with adaptive RRA
algorithm to distribute radio resources among multiple users according
to their individual QoS requirements. The allocation and scheduling
objective is to maximize the total throughput, while at the same time
maintaining the fairness among users. The simulation results
demonstrate that the methods presented provide for user more explicit
fairness relative to RRA algorithm, but the joint scheme achieves the
higher sum-rate capacity with flexible parameters setting compared
with MPF scheduler.
Abstract: The paper presents a complete discrete statistical framework, based on a novel vector quantization (VQ) front-end process. This new VQ approach performs an optimal distribution of VQ codebook components on HMM states. This technique that we named the distributed vector quantization (DVQ) of hidden Markov models, succeeds in unifying acoustic micro-structure and phonetic macro-structure, when the estimation of HMM parameters is performed. The DVQ technique is implemented through two variants. The first variant uses the K-means algorithm (K-means- DVQ) to optimize the VQ, while the second variant exploits the benefits of the classification behavior of neural networks (NN-DVQ) for the same purpose. The proposed variants are compared with the HMM-based baseline system by experiments of specific Arabic consonants recognition. The results show that the distributed vector quantization technique increase the performance of the discrete HMM system.
Abstract: Previous studies mass evacuation route network does
not fully reflect the step-by-step behavior and evacuees make routing
decisions. Therefore, they do not work as expected when applied to the
evacuation route planning is valid. This article describes where
evacuees may have to make a direction to select all areas were
identified as guiding points to improve evacuation routes network.
This improved route network can be used as a basis for the layout can
be used to guide the signs indicate that provides the required
evacuation direction. This article also describes that combines
simulation and artificial bee colony algorithm to provide the proposed
routing solutions, to plan an integrated routing mode. The improved
network and the model used is the cinema as a case study to assess the
floor. The effectiveness of guidance solution in the total evacuation
time is significant by verification.
Abstract: In this paper, a robust digital image watermarking
scheme for copyright protection applications using the singular value
decomposition (SVD) is proposed. In this scheme, an entropy
masking model has been applied on the host image for the texture
segmentation. Moreover, the local luminance and textures of the host
image are considered for watermark embedding procedure to
increase the robustness of the watermarking scheme. In contrast to all
existing SVD-based watermarking systems that have been designed
to embed visual watermarks, our system uses a pseudo-random
sequence as a watermark. We have tested the performance of our
method using a wide variety of image processing attacks on different
test images. A comparison is made between the results of our
proposed algorithm with those of a wavelet-based method to
demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithm.
Abstract: A self tuning PID control strategy using reinforcement
learning is proposed in this paper to deal with the control of wind
energy conversion systems (WECS). Actor-Critic learning is used to
tune PID parameters in an adaptive way by taking advantage of the
model-free and on-line learning properties of reinforcement learning
effectively. In order to reduce the demand of storage space and to
improve the learning efficiency, a single RBF neural network is used
to approximate the policy function of Actor and the value function of
Critic simultaneously. The inputs of RBF network are the system
error, as well as the first and the second-order differences of error.
The Actor can realize the mapping from the system state to PID
parameters, while the Critic evaluates the outputs of the Actor and
produces TD error. Based on TD error performance index and
gradient descent method, the updating rules of RBF kernel function
and network weights were given. Simulation results show that the
proposed controller is efficient for WECS and it is perfectly
adaptable and strongly robust, which is better than that of a
conventional PID controller.
Abstract: This paper presents recent work on the improvement
of the robotics vision based control strategy for underwater pipeline
tracking system. The study focuses on developing image processing
algorithms and a fuzzy inference system for the analysis of the
terrain. The main goal is to implement the supervisory fuzzy learning
control technique to reduce the errors on navigation decision due to
the pipeline occlusion problem. The system developed is capable of
interpreting underwater images containing occluded pipeline, seabed
and other unwanted noise. The algorithm proposed in previous work
does not explore the cooperation between fuzzy controllers,
knowledge and learnt data to improve the outputs for underwater
pipeline tracking. Computer simulations and prototype simulations
demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. The system accuracy
level has also been discussed.
Abstract: Through the course of this paper we define Business Case Management and its characteristics, and highlight its link to knowledge workers. Business Case Management combines knowledge and process effectively, supporting the ad hoc and unpredictable nature of cases, and coordinate a range of other technologies to appropriately support knowledge-intensive processes. We emphasize the growing importance of knowledge workers and the current poor support for knowledge work automation. We also discuss the challenges in supporting this kind of knowledge work and propose a novel approach to overcome these challenges.