Abstract: There are several approaches for handling multiclass classification. Aside from one-against-one (OAO) and one-against-all (OAA), hierarchical classification technique is also commonly used. A binary classification tree is a hierarchical classification structure that breaks down a k-class problem into binary sub-problems, each solved by a binary classifier. In each node, a set of classes is divided into two subsets. A good class partition should be able to group similar classes together. Many algorithms measure similarity in term of distance between class centroids. Classes are grouped together by a clustering algorithm when distances between their centroids are small. In this paper, we present a binary classification tree with tuned observation-based clustering (BCT-TOB) that finds a class partition by performing clustering on observations instead of class centroids. A merging step is introduced to merge any insignificant class split. The experiment shows that performance of BCT-TOB is comparable to other algorithms.
Abstract: Car accident is one of the major causes of death in many countries. Many researchers have attempted to design and develop techniques to increase car safety in the past recent years. In spite of all the efforts, it is still challenging to design a system adaptive to the driver rather than the automotive characteristics. In this paper, the adaptive car safety system is explained which attempts to find a balance.
Abstract: Information sharing and exchange, rather than
information processing, is what characterizes information
technology in the 21st century. Ontologies, as shared common
understanding, gain increasing attention, as they appear as the
most promising solution to enable information sharing both at
a semantic level and in a machine-processable way. Domain
Ontology-based modeling has been exploited to provide
shareability and information exchange among diversified,
heterogeneous applications of enterprises.
Contextual ontologies are “an explicit specification of
contextual conceptualization". That is: ontology is
characterized by concepts that have multiple representations
and they may exist in several contexts. Hence, contextual
ontologies are a set of concepts and relationships, which are
seen from different perspectives. Contextualization is to allow
for ontologies to be partitioned according to their contexts.
The need for contextual ontologies in enterprise modeling
has become crucial due to the nature of today's competitive
market. Information resources in enterprise is distributed and
diversified and is in need to be shared and communicated
locally through the intranet and globally though the internet.
This paper discusses the roles that ontologies play in an
enterprise modeling, and how ontologies assist in building a
conceptual model in order to provide communicative and
interoperable information systems. The issue of enterprise
modeling based on contextual domain ontology is also
investigated, and a framework is proposed for an enterprise
model that consists of various applications.
Abstract: This study examines the possibility to apply the theory of multidimensional accounting (momentum accounting) in a Brazilian Navy-s Services Provider Military Organization (Organização Militar Prestadora de Serviços - OMPS). In general, the core of the said theory is the fact that Accounting does not recognize the inertia of transactions occurring in an entity, and that occur repeatedly in some cases, regardless of the implementation of new actions by its managers. The study evaluates the possibility of greater use of information recorded in the financial statements of the unit of analysis, within the strategic decisions of the organization. As a research strategy, we adopted the case study. The results infer that it is possible to use the theory in the context of a multidimensional OMPS, promoting useful information for decision-making and thereby contributing to the strengthening of the necessary alignment of its administration with the current desires of the Brazilian society.
Abstract: Work stress causes the organizational work-life
imbalance of employees. Because of this imbalance, workers perform
with lower effort to finish assignments and thus an organization will
experience reduced productivity. In order to investigate the problem
of an organizational work-life imbalance, this qualitative case study
focuses on an organizational work-life imbalance among Thai
software developers in a German-owned company in Chiang Mai,
Thailand. In terms of knowledge management, fishbone diagram is
useful analysis tool to investigate the root causes of an organizational
work-life imbalance systematically in focus-group discussions.
Furthermore, fishbone diagram shows the relationship between
causes and effects clearly. It was found that an organizational worklife
imbalance among Thai software developers is influenced by
management team, work environment, and information tools used in
the company over time.
Abstract: This paper present an effective method to accurately reconstruct and measure the 3D curve edges of small industrial parts based on stereo vision. To effectively fit the curve of the measured parts using a series of line segments in the images, a strategy from coarse to fine is employed based on multi-scale curve fitting. After reconstructing the 3D curve of a hole through a curved surface, its axis is adjusted so that it is parallel to the Z axis with least squares error and the dimensions of the hole can be calculated on the XY plane easily. Experimental results show that the presented method can accurately measure the dimensions of round holes through a curved surface.
Abstract: In this paper, a new formulation for acoustics coupled with linear elasticity is presented. The primary objective of the work is to develop a three dimensional hp adaptive finite element method code destinated for modeling of acoustics of human head. The code will have numerous applications e.g. in designing hearing protection devices for individuals working in high noise environments. The presented work is in the preliminary stage. The variational formulation has been implemented and tested on a sequence of meshes with concentric multi-layer spheres, with material data representing the tissue (the brain), skull and the air. Thus, an efficient solver for coupled elasticity/acoustics problems has been developed, and tested on high contrast material data representing the human head.
Abstract: Due to the complex network architecture, the mobile
adhoc network-s multihop feature gives additional problems to the
users. When the traffic load at each node gets increased, the
additional contention due its traffic pattern might cause the nodes
which are close to destination to starve the nodes more away from the
destination and also the capacity of network is unable to satisfy the
total user-s demand which results in an unfairness problem. In this
paper, we propose to create an algorithm to compute the optimal
MAC-layer bandwidth assigned to each flow in the network. The
bottleneck links contention area determines the fair time share which
is necessary to calculate the maximum allowed transmission rate used
by each flow. To completely utilize the network resources, we
compute two optimal rates namely, the maximum fair share and
minimum fair share. We use the maximum fair share achieved in
order to limit the input rate of those flows which crosses the
bottleneck links contention area when the flows that are not allocated
to the optimal transmission rate and calculate the following highest
fair share. Through simulation results, we show that the proposed
protocol achieves improved fair share and throughput with reduced
delay.
Abstract: Recently studies in area of supply chain network
(SCN) have focused on the disruption issues in distribution systems.
Also this paper extends the previous literature by providing a new biobjective
model for cost minimization of designing a three echelon
SCN across normal and failure scenarios with considering multi
capacity option for manufacturers and distribution centers. Moreover,
in order to solve the problem by means of LINGO software, novel
model will be reformulated through a branch of LP-Metric method
called Min-Max approach.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to use the Pfaffian
technique to construct different classes of exact Pfaffian solutions and
N-soliton solutions to some of the generalized integrable nonlinear
partial differential equations in (3+1) dimensions. In this paper, I will
show that the Pfaffian solutions to the nonlinear PDEs are nothing but
Pfaffian identities. Solitons are among the most beneficial solutions
for science and technology, from ocean waves to transmission of
information through optical fibers or energy transport along protein
molecules. The existence of multi-solitons, especially three-soliton
solutions, is essential for information technology: it makes possible
undisturbed simultaneous propagation of many pulses in both directions.
Abstract: In this paper, we proposed an efficient data
compression strategy exploiting the multi-resolution characteristic of
the wavelet transform. We have developed a sensor node called
“Smart Sensor Node; SSN". The main goals of the SSN design are
lightweight, minimal power consumption, modular design and robust
circuitry. The SSN is made up of four basic components which are a
sensing unit, a processing unit, a transceiver unit and a power unit.
FiOStd evaluation board is chosen as the main controller of the SSN
for its low costs and high performance. The software coding of the
implementation was done using Simulink model and MATLAB
programming language. The experimental results show that the
proposed data compression technique yields recover signal with good
quality. This technique can be applied to compress the collected data
to reduce the data communication as well as the energy consumption
of the sensor and so the lifetime of sensor node can be extended.
Abstract: As originally designed for wired networks, TCP (transmission control protocol) congestion control mechanism is triggered into action when packet loss is detected. This implicit assumption for packet loss mostly due to network congestion does not work well in Mobile Ad Hoc Network, where there is a comparatively high likelihood of packet loss due to channel errors and node mobility etc. Such non-congestion packet loss, when dealt with by congestion control mechanism, causes poor TCP performance in MANET. In this study, we continue to investigate the impact of the interaction between transport protocols and on-demand routing protocols on the performance and stability of 802.11 multihop networks. We evaluate the important wireless networking events caused routing change, and propose a cross layer method to delay the unnecessary routing changes, only need to add a sensitivity parameter α , which represents the on-demand routing-s reaction to link failure of MAC layer. Our proposal is applicable to the plain 802.11 networking environment, the simulation results that this method can remarkably improve the stability and performance of TCP without any modification on TCP and MAC protocol.
Abstract: In this paper, we investigate the study of techniques
for scheduling users for resource allocation in the case of multiple
input and multiple output (MIMO) packet transmission systems. In
these systems, transmit antennas are assigned to one user or
dynamically to different users using spatial multiplexing. The
allocation of all transmit antennas to one user cannot take full
advantages of multi-user diversity. Therefore, we developed the case
when resources are allocated dynamically. At each time slot users
have to feed back their channel information on an uplink feedback
channel. Channel information considered available in the schedulers
is the zero forcing (ZF) post detection signal to interference plus
noise ratio. Our analysis study concerns the round robin and the
opportunistic schemes.
In this paper, we present an overview and a complete capacity
analysis of these schemes. The main results in our study are to give
an analytical form of system capacity using the ZF receiver at the
user terminal. Simulations have been carried out to validate all
proposed analytical solutions and to compare the performance of
these schemes.
Abstract: In this paper, we have developed a method to
compute fractal dimension (FD) of discrete time signals, in the
time domain, by modifying the box-counting method. The size
of the box is dependent on the sampling frequency of the
signal. The number of boxes required to completely cover the
signal are obtained at multiple time resolutions. The time
resolutions are made coarse by decimating the signal. The loglog
plot of total number of boxes required to cover the curve
versus size of the box used appears to be a straight line, whose
slope is taken as an estimate of FD of the signal. The results
are provided to demonstrate the performance of the proposed
method using parametric fractal signals. The estimation
accuracy of the method is compared with that of Katz, Sevcik,
and Higuchi methods. In addition, some properties of the FD
are discussed.
Abstract: This paper describes the design and implementation of cyber video consultation systems(CVCS) using hybrid P2P for video consultation between remote sites. The proposed system is based on client-server and P2P(Peer to Peer) architecture, where client-server is used for communication with the MCU(Multipoint Control Unit) and P2P is used for the cyber video consultation. The developed video consultation system decreases server traffic, and cuts down network expenses, as the multimedia data decentralizes to the client by hybrid P2P architecture. Also the developed system is tested by the group-type video consultation system using communication protocol and application software through Ethernet networks.
Abstract: A composite made of plasma functionalized multiwall
carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) coated with SnO2 was synthesized by
sonochemical precipitation method. Thick layer of this
nanocomposite material was used as ethanol sensor at low
temperatures. The composite sensitivity for ethanol has increased by
a factor of 2 at room temperature and by a factor of 13 at 250°C in
comparison to that of pure SnO2. SEM image of nanocomposite
material showed MWNTs were embedded in SnO2 matrix and also a
higher surface area was observed in the presence of functionalized
MWNTs. Greatly improved sensitivity of the composite material to
ethanol can be attributed to new gas accessing passes through
MWNTs and higher specific surface area.
Abstract: This study examines the issue of recommendation
sources from the perspectives of gender and consumers- perceived
risk, and validates a model for the antecedents of consumer online
purchases. The method of obtaining quantitative data was that of the
instrument of a survey questionnaire. Data were collected via
questionnaires from 396 undergraduate students aged 18-24, and a
multiple regression analysis was conducted to identify causal
relationships. Empirical findings established the link between
recommendation sources (word-of-mouth, advertising, and
recommendation systems) and the likelihood of making online
purchases and demonstrated the role of gender and perceived risk as
moderators in this context. The results showed that the effects of
word-of-mouth on online purchase intentions were stronger than those
of advertising and recommendation systems. In addition, female
consumers have less experience with online purchases, so they may be
more likely than males to refer to recommendations during the
decision-making process. The findings of the study will help
marketers to address the recommendation factor which influences
consumers- intention to purchase and to improve firm performances to
meet consumer needs.
Abstract: In recent years, the use of vector variance as a
measure of multivariate variability has received much attention in
wide range of statistics. This paper deals with a more economic
measure of multivariate variability, defined as vector variance minus
all duplication elements. For high dimensional data, this will increase
the computational efficiency almost 50 % compared to the original
vector variance. Its sampling distribution will be investigated to make
its applications possible.
Abstract: Modular multiplication is the basic operation
in most public key cryptosystems, such as RSA, DSA, ECC,
and DH key exchange. Unfortunately, very large operands
(in order of 1024 or 2048 bits) must be used to provide
sufficient security strength. The use of such big numbers
dramatically slows down the whole cipher system, especially
when running on embedded processors.
So far, customized hardware accelerators - developed on
FPGAs or ASICs - were the best choice for accelerating
modular multiplication in embedded environments. On the
other hand, many algorithms have been developed to speed
up such operations. Examples are the Montgomery modular
multiplication and the interleaved modular multiplication
algorithms. Combining both customized hardware with
an efficient algorithm is expected to provide a much faster
cipher system.
This paper introduces an enhanced architecture for computing
the modular multiplication of two large numbers X
and Y modulo a given modulus M. The proposed design is
compared with three previous architectures depending on
carry save adders and look up tables. Look up tables should
be loaded with a set of pre-computed values. Our proposed
architecture uses the same carry save addition, but replaces
both look up tables and pre-computations with an enhanced
version of sign detection techniques. The proposed architecture
supports higher frequencies than other architectures.
It also has a better overall absolute time for a single operation.
Abstract: This research details a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach to model fluid flow in a journal bearing with 8 equispaced semi-circular axial grooves. Water is used as the lubricant and is fed from one end of the bearing to the other, under pressure. The geometry of the bearing is modeled using a commercially available modeling software GAMBIT and the flow analysis is performed using a dedicated CFD analysis software FLUENT. The pressure distribution in the bearing clearance is obtained from FLUENT for various whirl ratios and is used to calculate the hydrodynamic force components in the radial and tangential direction of the bearing. These values along with the various whirl speeds can be used to do a regression analysis to determine the stiffness and damping coefficients. The values obtained are then compared with the stiffness and damping coefficients of a 3 Axial groove water lubricated journal bearing and those obtained from a FORTRAN code for a similar bearing.