As originally designed for wired networks, TCP (transmission control protocol) congestion control mechanism is triggered into action when packet loss is detected. This implicit assumption for packet loss mostly due to network congestion does not work well in Mobile Ad Hoc Network, where there is a comparatively high likelihood of packet loss due to channel errors and node mobility etc. Such non-congestion packet loss, when dealt with by congestion control mechanism, causes poor TCP performance in MANET. In this study, we continue to investigate the impact of the interaction between transport protocols and on-demand routing protocols on the performance and stability of 802.11 multihop networks. We evaluate the important wireless networking events caused routing change, and propose a cross layer method to delay the unnecessary routing changes, only need to add a sensitivity parameter α , which represents the on-demand routing-s reaction to link failure of MAC layer. Our proposal is applicable to the plain 802.11 networking environment, the simulation results that this method can remarkably improve the stability and performance of TCP without any modification on TCP and MAC protocol.
[1] K. Thompson, G. Miller, and M. Wilder, "Wide-area internet traffic
patterns and characteristics," IEEE Network, 11(6), November-December
1997.
[2] (2004) Home page of IETF mobile ad-hoc networks (manet) WG.
(Online). Available:http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html
[3] A. Ephremides, "Ad hoc networks: not an ad hoc field anymore," Wiley
Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2, pp.
441-448, 2002.
[4] I. Chlamtac, M. Conti, and J.-N. Liu, "Mobile ad hoc networking:
imperatives and challenges," Elsevier Ad Hoc Networks Journal, vol. 1,
pp. 13-64, 2003.
[5] Josh Broch, David Johnson, and David Maltz, "The dynamic source
routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks,"
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/ draft-ietf-manet-dsr-01.txt, Dec 1998.
IETF Internet Draft (work in progress).
[6] D. Johnson and D. Maltz, "Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless
networks," In T. Imielinski and H. Korth, editors, Mobile computing,
chapter 5. Kluwer Academic, 1996.
[7] Charles Perkins and Elizabeth Royer, "Ad hoc on-demand distance vector
routing," In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile
Computing Systems and Applications, pages 90-100, Feb 1999.
[8] Charles Perkins, Elizabeth Royer, and Samir Das, "Ad hoc on demand
distance vector (AODV) routing," http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
draft-ietf-manet-aodv-03.txt, June 1999. IETF Internet Draft (work in
progress).
[9] Z. J. Haas and M. R. Pearlman., "The performance of query control
schemes for the zone routing protocol," In Proceedings of ACM
SIGCOMM-98 Conference, pages 167-177,Vancouver, Sept. 1998.
[10] Z. Fu, P. Zerfos, H. Luo, S. Lu, L. Zhang, and M. Gerla, "The impact of
multihop wireless channel on TCP throughput and loss," in Proc. IEEE
INFOCOM, San Francisco, CA, March 2003.
[11] K. Chen, Y. Xue, S. Shah, and K. Nahrstedt, "Understanding
bandwidth-delay product in mobile ad hoc networks," Special issue on
protocol engineering for wired and wireless networks, Elsevier Computer
Communications, vol. 27, pp. 923-934, 2004.
[12] K. Nahm, A. Helmy, and C. J. Kuo, "The impact of probe traffic scale on
the stability of multihop 802.11 networks," IEEE INFOCOM -05 poster,
http://dawn.cs.umbc.edu/INFOCOM2005/Infocom2005-Posters.html,
Miami, FL, March 2005.
[13] K. Nahm, A. Helmy, and C. J. Kuo, "TCP over multihop 802.11 networks:
Issues and performance enhancement," in Proc. ACM MobiHoc -05,
Urbana-Chanpaign, IL, May 2005.
[14] G. Holland and N. Vaidya, "Analysis of TCP Performance over Mobile
Ad Hoc Networks," Proc. ACM MOBICOM, 1999.
[15] P. Sinha, N. Venkitaraman, R. Sivakumar, and V. Bharghavan, "WTCP:
A Reliable Transport Protocol for Wireless Wide-Area Networks," Proc.
ACM MOBICOM -99, 1999.
[16] Z. Fu, B. Greenstein, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "Design and Implementation of
a TCP-Friendly Transport Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks" Proc.
IEEE Int-l Conf. Network Protocols, 2002.
[17] J. Liu and S. Singh, "ATCP:TCP for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEEE J.
Selected Areas in Comm., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1300-1315, July 2001.
[18] F. Wang and Y. Zhang, "Improving TCP Performance over Mobile
Ad-Hoc Networks with Out-of-Order Detection and Response," Proc.
Third ACM Int-l Symp. Mobile Ad Hoc Networking & Computing, 2002.
[19] X. Yu, "Improving TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks by
exploiting cross-layer information awareness," in Proc. ACM MobiCom
04, Philadelphia, PA, September, 2004.
[20] Z. Fu, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "A transport protocol for supporting
multimedia streaming in mobile ad hoc networks," IEEE journal on
selected areas in communicatioins, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 1615-1626,
December, 2004.
[21] S. Xu and T. Saadawi, "Does the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol work well
in multihop wireless ad hoc networks?" IEEE Communications Magazine,
pp. 130-137, June 2001.
[22] Z. Fu, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "How bad TCP can perform in mobile ad-hoc
networks," in Proc. IEEE ICNP -02, Paris, France, 2002.
[23] Kitae Nahm, Ahmed Helmy, C.-C. Jay Kuo, "TCP over multihop 802.11
networks: Issues and performance enhancement", ACM MobiHoc,
Urbana-Champaign, IL, May 2005
[24] K. Sundaresan, V. Anantharaman, H. Hsieh, and R. Sivakumar, "ATP: a
reliable transport protocol for ad-hoc networks," in Proc. ACM
MobiHoc -03,Annapolis, ML, 2003.
[25] K. Chen, K. Nahrstedt, and N. Vaidya, "The utility of explicit rate-based
flow control in mobile ad hoc networks," in Proc. IEEE WCNC, Atlanta,
GA, 2003.
[26] IEEE Computer Society, "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)
and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications," IEEE Standard802.11, 1997.
[1] K. Thompson, G. Miller, and M. Wilder, "Wide-area internet traffic
patterns and characteristics," IEEE Network, 11(6), November-December
1997.
[2] (2004) Home page of IETF mobile ad-hoc networks (manet) WG.
(Online). Available:http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/manet-charter.html
[3] A. Ephremides, "Ad hoc networks: not an ad hoc field anymore," Wiley
Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, vol. 2, pp.
441-448, 2002.
[4] I. Chlamtac, M. Conti, and J.-N. Liu, "Mobile ad hoc networking:
imperatives and challenges," Elsevier Ad Hoc Networks Journal, vol. 1,
pp. 13-64, 2003.
[5] Josh Broch, David Johnson, and David Maltz, "The dynamic source
routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks,"
http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/ draft-ietf-manet-dsr-01.txt, Dec 1998.
IETF Internet Draft (work in progress).
[6] D. Johnson and D. Maltz, "Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless
networks," In T. Imielinski and H. Korth, editors, Mobile computing,
chapter 5. Kluwer Academic, 1996.
[7] Charles Perkins and Elizabeth Royer, "Ad hoc on-demand distance vector
routing," In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile
Computing Systems and Applications, pages 90-100, Feb 1999.
[8] Charles Perkins, Elizabeth Royer, and Samir Das, "Ad hoc on demand
distance vector (AODV) routing," http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/
draft-ietf-manet-aodv-03.txt, June 1999. IETF Internet Draft (work in
progress).
[9] Z. J. Haas and M. R. Pearlman., "The performance of query control
schemes for the zone routing protocol," In Proceedings of ACM
SIGCOMM-98 Conference, pages 167-177,Vancouver, Sept. 1998.
[10] Z. Fu, P. Zerfos, H. Luo, S. Lu, L. Zhang, and M. Gerla, "The impact of
multihop wireless channel on TCP throughput and loss," in Proc. IEEE
INFOCOM, San Francisco, CA, March 2003.
[11] K. Chen, Y. Xue, S. Shah, and K. Nahrstedt, "Understanding
bandwidth-delay product in mobile ad hoc networks," Special issue on
protocol engineering for wired and wireless networks, Elsevier Computer
Communications, vol. 27, pp. 923-934, 2004.
[12] K. Nahm, A. Helmy, and C. J. Kuo, "The impact of probe traffic scale on
the stability of multihop 802.11 networks," IEEE INFOCOM -05 poster,
http://dawn.cs.umbc.edu/INFOCOM2005/Infocom2005-Posters.html,
Miami, FL, March 2005.
[13] K. Nahm, A. Helmy, and C. J. Kuo, "TCP over multihop 802.11 networks:
Issues and performance enhancement," in Proc. ACM MobiHoc -05,
Urbana-Chanpaign, IL, May 2005.
[14] G. Holland and N. Vaidya, "Analysis of TCP Performance over Mobile
Ad Hoc Networks," Proc. ACM MOBICOM, 1999.
[15] P. Sinha, N. Venkitaraman, R. Sivakumar, and V. Bharghavan, "WTCP:
A Reliable Transport Protocol for Wireless Wide-Area Networks," Proc.
ACM MOBICOM -99, 1999.
[16] Z. Fu, B. Greenstein, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "Design and Implementation of
a TCP-Friendly Transport Protocol for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks" Proc.
IEEE Int-l Conf. Network Protocols, 2002.
[17] J. Liu and S. Singh, "ATCP:TCP for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," IEEE J.
Selected Areas in Comm., vol. 19, no. 7, pp. 1300-1315, July 2001.
[18] F. Wang and Y. Zhang, "Improving TCP Performance over Mobile
Ad-Hoc Networks with Out-of-Order Detection and Response," Proc.
Third ACM Int-l Symp. Mobile Ad Hoc Networking & Computing, 2002.
[19] X. Yu, "Improving TCP performance over mobile ad hoc networks by
exploiting cross-layer information awareness," in Proc. ACM MobiCom
04, Philadelphia, PA, September, 2004.
[20] Z. Fu, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "A transport protocol for supporting
multimedia streaming in mobile ad hoc networks," IEEE journal on
selected areas in communicatioins, vol. 21, no. 10, pp. 1615-1626,
December, 2004.
[21] S. Xu and T. Saadawi, "Does the IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol work well
in multihop wireless ad hoc networks?" IEEE Communications Magazine,
pp. 130-137, June 2001.
[22] Z. Fu, X. Meng, and S. Lu, "How bad TCP can perform in mobile ad-hoc
networks," in Proc. IEEE ICNP -02, Paris, France, 2002.
[23] Kitae Nahm, Ahmed Helmy, C.-C. Jay Kuo, "TCP over multihop 802.11
networks: Issues and performance enhancement", ACM MobiHoc,
Urbana-Champaign, IL, May 2005
[24] K. Sundaresan, V. Anantharaman, H. Hsieh, and R. Sivakumar, "ATP: a
reliable transport protocol for ad-hoc networks," in Proc. ACM
MobiHoc -03,Annapolis, ML, 2003.
[25] K. Chen, K. Nahrstedt, and N. Vaidya, "The utility of explicit rate-based
flow control in mobile ad hoc networks," in Proc. IEEE WCNC, Atlanta,
GA, 2003.
[26] IEEE Computer Society, "Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC)
and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications," IEEE Standard802.11, 1997.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:51645", author = "Dong Wan-li and Gu Nai-jie and Tu Kun and Bi Kun and Liu Gang", title = "DODR : Delay On-Demand Routing", abstract = "As originally designed for wired networks, TCP (transmission control protocol) congestion control mechanism is triggered into action when packet loss is detected. This implicit assumption for packet loss mostly due to network congestion does not work well in Mobile Ad Hoc Network, where there is a comparatively high likelihood of packet loss due to channel errors and node mobility etc. Such non-congestion packet loss, when dealt with by congestion control mechanism, causes poor TCP performance in MANET. In this study, we continue to investigate the impact of the interaction between transport protocols and on-demand routing protocols on the performance and stability of 802.11 multihop networks. We evaluate the important wireless networking events caused routing change, and propose a cross layer method to delay the unnecessary routing changes, only need to add a sensitivity parameter α , which represents the on-demand routing-s reaction to link failure of MAC layer. Our proposal is applicable to the plain 802.11 networking environment, the simulation results that this method can remarkably improve the stability and performance of TCP without any modification on TCP and MAC protocol.
", keywords = "Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), on-demandrouting, performance, transmission control protocol (TCP).", volume = "1", number = "10", pages = "3005-6", }
