Abstract: Vision based tracking problem is solved through a
combination of optical flow, MACH filter and log r-θ mapping.
Optical flow is used for detecting regions of movement in video
frames acquired under variable lighting conditions. The region of
movement is segmented and then searched for the target. A template
is used for target recognition on the segmented regions for detecting
the region of interest. The template is trained offline on a sequence of
target images that are created using the MACH filter and log r-θ
mapping. The template is applied on areas of movement in
successive frames and strong correlation is seen for in-class targets.
Correlation peaks above a certain threshold indicate the presence of
target and the target is tracked over successive frames.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to emphasize and alleviate the effect of phase noise due to imperfect local oscillators on the performances of a Multi-Carrier CDMA system. After the cancellation of Common Phase Error (CPE), an iterative approach is introduced which iteratively estimates Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) components in the frequency domain and cancels their contribution in the time domain. Simulation are conducted in order to investigate the achievable performances for several parameters, such as the spreading factor, the modulation order, the phase noise power and the transmission Signal-to-Noise Ratio.
Abstract: Characterized as rich mineral substances, low
temperature, few bacteria, and stability with numerous implementation
aspects on aquaculture, food, drinking, and leisure, the deep sea water
(DSW) development has become a new industry in the world. It has
been report that marine algae contain various biologically active
compounds. This research focued on the affections in cultivating
Sagrassum cristaefolium with different concentration of deep sea
water(DSW) and surface sea water(SSW). After two and four weeks,
the total phenolic contents were compared in Sagrassum cristaefolium
culturing with different ways, and the reductive activity of them was
also be tried with potassium ferricyanide. Those fresh seaweeds were
dried with oven and were ground to powder. Progressively, the marine
algae we cultured was extracted by water under the condition with
heating them at 90Ôäâ for 1hr.The total phenolic contents were be
executed using Folin–Ciocalteu method. The results were explaining
as follows: the highest total phenolic contents and the best reductive
ability of all could be observed on the 1/4 proportion of DSW to SSW
culturing in two weeks. Furthermore, the 1/2 proportion of DSW to
SSW also showed good reductive ability and plentiful phenolic
compositions. Finally, we confirmed that difference proportion of
DSW and SSW is the major point relating to ether the total phenolic
components or the reductive ability in the Sagrassum cristaefolium. In
the future, we will use this way to mass production the marine algae or
other micro algae on industry applications.
Abstract: Most paddy rice fields in East Asia are small parcels,
and the weather conditions during the growing season are usually
cloudy. FORMOSAT-2 multi-spectral images have an 8-meter
resolution and one-day recurrence, ideal for mapping paddy rice fields
in East Asia. To map rice fields, this study first determined the
transplanting and the most active tillering stages of paddy rice and
then used multi-temporal images to distinguish different growing
characteristics between paddy rice and other ground covers. The
unsupervised ISODATA (iterative self-organizing data analysis
techniques) and supervised maximum likelihood were both used to
discriminate paddy rice fields, with training areas automatically
derived from ten-year cultivation parcels in Taiwan. Besides original
bands in multi-spectral images, we also generated normalized
difference vegetation index and experimented with object-based
pre-classification and post-classification. This paper discusses results
of different image classification methods in an attempt to find a
precise and automatic solution to mapping paddy rice in Taiwan.
Abstract: The problem of Small Area Estimation (SAE) is complex because of various information sources and insufficient data. In this paper, an approach for SAE is presented for decision-making at national, regional and local level. We propose an Empirical Best Linear Unbiased Predictor (EBLUP) as an estimator in order to combine several information sources to evaluate various indicators. First, we present the urban audit project and its environmental, social and economic indicators. Secondly, we propose an approach for decision making in order to estimate indicators. An application is used to validate the theoretical proposal. Finally, a decision support system is presented based on open-source environment.
Abstract: Purpose of this work is to develop an automatic classification system that could be useful for radiologists in the breast cancer investigation. The software has been designed in the framework of the MAGIC-5 collaboration. In an automatic classification system the suspicious regions with high probability to include a lesion are extracted from the image as regions of interest (ROIs). Each ROI is characterized by some features based generally on morphological lesion differences. A study in the space features representation is made and some classifiers are tested to distinguish the pathological regions from the healthy ones. The results provided in terms of sensitivity and specificity will be presented through the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curves. In particular the best performances are obtained with the Neural Networks in comparison with the K-Nearest Neighbours and the Support Vector Machine: The Radial Basis Function supply the best results with 0.89 ± 0.01 of area under ROC curve but similar results are obtained with the Probabilistic Neural Network and a Multi Layer Perceptron.
Abstract: Traffic density, an indicator of traffic
conditions, is one of the most critical characteristics to
Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). This paper investigates
recursive traffic density estimation using the information
provided from inductive loop detectors. On the basis of the
phenomenological relationship between speed and density, the
existing studies incorporate a state space model and update the
density estimate using vehicular speed observations via the
extended Kalman filter, where an approximation is made
because of the linearization of the nonlinear observation
equation. In practice, this may lead to substantial estimation
errors. This paper incorporates a suitable transformation to
deal with the nonlinear observation equation so that the
approximation is avoided when using Kalman filter to
estimate the traffic density. A numerical study is conducted. It
is shown that the developed method outperforms the existing
methods for traffic density estimation.
Abstract: An electronic portal image device (EPID) has become
a method of patient-specific IMRT dose verification for radiotherapy.
Research studies have focused on pre and post-treatment verification,
however, there are currently no interventional procedures using EPID
dosimetry that measure the dose in real time as a mechanism to
ensure that overdoses do not occur and underdoses are detected as
soon as is practically possible. As a result, an EPID-based real time
dose verification system for dynamic IMRT was developed and was
implemented with MATLAB/Simulink. The EPID image acquisition
was set to continuous acquisition mode at 1.4 images per second. The
system defined the time constraint gap, or execution gap at the image
acquisition time, so that every calculation must be completed before
the next image capture is completed. In addition, the
Abstract: Mercury adsorption on soil was investigated at
different ionic strengths using Ca(NO3)2 as a background electrolyte.
Results fitted the Langmuir equation and the adsorption isotherms
reached a plateau at higher equilibrium concentrations. Increasing
ionic strength decreased the sorption of mercury, due to the
competition of Ca ions for the sorption sites in the soils. The
influence of ionic strength was related to the mechanisms of heavy
metal sorption by the soil. These results can be of practical
importance both in the agriculture and contaminated soils since the
solubility of mercury in soils are strictly dependent on the adsorption
and release process.
Abstract: The last years have seen an increasing use of image analysis techniques in the field of biomedical imaging, in particular in microscopic imaging. The basic step for most of the image analysis techniques relies on a background image free of objects of interest, whether they are cells or histological samples, to perform further analysis, such as segmentation or mosaicing. Commonly, this image consists of an empty field acquired in advance. However, many times achieving an empty field could not be feasible. Or else, this could be different from the background region of the sample really being studied, because of the interaction with the organic matter. At last, it could be expensive, for instance in case of live cell analyses. We propose a non parametric and general purpose approach where the background is built automatically stemming from a sequence of images containing even objects of interest. The amount of area, in each image, free of objects just affects the overall speed to obtain the background. Experiments with different kinds of microscopic images prove the effectiveness of our approach.
Abstract: Text categorization techniques are widely used to many Information Retrieval (IR) applications. In this paper, we proposed a simple but efficient method that can automatically find the relationship between any pair of terms and documents, also an indexing matrix is established for text categorization. We call this method Indexing Matrix Categorization Machine (IMCM). Several experiments are conducted to show the efficiency and robust of our algorithm.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel concept of relative
distance measurement using Stereo Vision Technology and discuss
its implementation on a FPGA based real-time image processor. We
capture two images using two CCD cameras and compare them.
Disparity is calculated for each pixel using a real time dense disparity
calculation algorithm. This algorithm is based on the concept of
indexed histogram for matching. Disparity being inversely
proportional to distance (Proved Later), we can thus get the relative
distances of objects in front of the camera. The output is displayed on
a TV screen in the form of a depth image (optionally using pseudo
colors). This system works in real time on a full PAL frame rate (720
x 576 active pixels @ 25 fps).
Abstract: This paper presents the fundamentals of Origami engineering and its application in nowadays as well as future industry. Several main cores of mathematical approaches such as Huzita- Hatori axioms, Maekawa and Kawasaki-s theorems are introduced briefly. Meanwhile flaps and circle packing by Robert Lang is explained to make understood the underlying principles in designing crease pattern. Rigid origami and its corrugation patterns which are potentially applicable for creating transformable or temporary spaces is discussed to show the transition of origami from paper to thick material. Moreover, some innovative applications of origami such as eyeglass, origami stent and high tech origami based on mentioned theories and principles are showcased in section III; while some updated origami technology such as Vacuumatics, self-folding of polymer sheets and programmable matter folding which could greatlyenhance origami structureare demonstrated in Section IV to offer more insight in future origami.
Abstract: This paper describes vibration analysis using the finite
element method for a small earphone, especially for the diaphragm
shape with a low-rigidity. The viscoelastic diaphragm is supported by
multiple nonlinear concentrated springs with linear hysteresis
damping. The restoring forces of the nonlinear springs have cubic
nonlinearity. The finite elements for the nonlinear springs with
hysteresis are expressed and are connected to the diaphragm that is
modeled by linear solid finite elements in consideration of a complex
modulus of elasticity. Further, the discretized equations in physical
coordinates are transformed into the nonlinear ordinary coupled
equations using normal coordinates corresponding to the linear natural
modes. We computed the nonlinear stationary and non-stationary
responses due to the internal resonance between modes with large
amplitude in the nonlinear springs and elastic modes in the diaphragm.
The non-stationary motions are confirmed as the chaos due to the
maximum Lyapunov exponents with a positive number. From the time
histories of the deformation distribution in the chaotic vibration, we
identified nonlinear modal couplings.
Abstract: Tourism is a phenomenon respected by the human communities since a long time ago. It has been evoloving continually based on a variety of social and economic needs and with respect to increasingly development of communication and considerable increase of tourist-s number and resulted exchange income has attained much out come such as employment for the communities. or the purpose of tourism development in this zone suitable times and locations need to be specified in the zone for the tourist-s attendance. One of the most important needs of the tourists is the knowledge of climate conditions and suitable times for sightseeing. In this survey, the climate trend condition has been identified for attending the tourists in Isfahan province using the modified tourism climate index (TCI) as well as SPSS, GIS, excel, surfer softwares. This index evoluates systematically the climate conditions for tourism affairs and activities using the monthly maximum mean parameters of daily temperature, daily mean temperature, minimum relative humidity, daily mean relative humidity, precipitation (mm), total sunny hours, wind speed and dust. The results obtaind using kendal-s correlation test show that the months January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November and December are significant and have an increasing trend that indicates the best condition for attending the tourists. S, P, T mean , T max and dust are estimated from 1976-2005 and do kendal-s correlation test again to see which parameter has been effective. Based on the test, we also observed on the effective parameters that the rate of dust in February, March, April, May, June, July, August, October and November is decreasing and precipitation in September and January is increasing and also the radiation rate in May and August is increasing that indicate a better condition of convenience. Maximum temperature in June is also decreasing. Isfahan province has two spring and fall peaks and the best places for tourism are in the north and western areas.
Abstract: This paper presented a proposed design for
transcutaneous inductive powering links. The design used to transfer
power and data to the implanted devices such as implanted
Microsystems to stimulate and monitoring the nerves and muscles.
The system operated with low band frequency 13.56 MHZ according
to industrial- scientific – medical (ISM) band to avoid the tissue
heating. For external part, the modulation index is 13 % and the
modulation rate 7.3% with data rate 1 Mbit/s assuming Tbit=1us. The
system has been designed using 0.35-μm fabricated CMOS
technology. The mathematical model is given and the design is
simulated using OrCAD P Spice 16.2 software tool and for real-time
simulation the electronic workbench MULISIM 11 has been used.
The novel circular plane (pancake) coils was simulated using
ANSOFT- HFss software.
Abstract: This paper describes a UDP over IP based, server-oriented redundant host configuration protocol (RHCP) that can be used by collaborating embedded systems in an ad-hoc network to acquire a dynamic IP address. The service is provided by a single network device at a time and will be dynamically reassigned to one of the other network clients if the primary provider fails. The protocol also allows all participating clients to monitor the dynamic makeup of the network over time. So far the algorithm has been implemented and tested on an 8-bit embedded system architecture with a 10Mbit Ethernet interface.
Abstract: In this paper we present a technique to speed up
ICA based on the idea of reducing the dimensionality of the data
set preserving the quality of the results. In particular we refer to
FastICA algorithm which uses the Kurtosis as statistical property
to be maximized. By performing a particular Johnson-Lindenstrauss
like projection of the data set, we find the minimum dimensionality
reduction rate ¤ü, defined as the ratio between the size k of the reduced
space and the original one d, which guarantees a narrow confidence
interval of such estimator with high confidence level. The derived
dimensionality reduction rate depends on a system control parameter
β easily computed a priori on the basis of the observations only.
Extensive simulations have been done on different sets of real world
signals. They show that actually the dimensionality reduction is very
high, it preserves the quality of the decomposition and impressively
speeds up FastICA. On the other hand, a set of signals, on which the
estimated reduction rate is greater than 1, exhibits bad decomposition
results if reduced, thus validating the reliability of the parameter β.
We are confident that our method will lead to a better approach to
real time applications.
Abstract: This paper proposes a three-phase four-wire currentcontrolled
Voltage Source Inverter (CC-VSI) for both power quality
improvement and PV energy extraction. For power quality
improvement, the CC-VSI works as a grid current-controlling shunt
active power filter to compensate for harmonic and reactive power of
loads. Then, the PV array is coupled to the DC bus of the CC-VSI
and supplies active power to the grid. The MPPT controller employs
the particle swarm optimization technique. The output of the MPPT
controller is a DC voltage that determines the DC-bus voltage
according to PV maximum power. The PSO method is simple and
effective especially for a partially shaded PV array. From computer
simulation results, it proves that grid currents are sinusoidal and inphase
with grid voltages, while the PV maximum active power is
delivered to loads.
Abstract: Electro-optical devices are increasingly used for
military sea-, land- and air applications to detect, recognize and track
objects. Typically, these devices produce video information that is
presented to an operator. However, with increasing availability of
electro-optical devices the data volume is becoming very large,
creating a rising need for automated analysis. In a military setting,
this typically involves detecting and recognizing objects at a large
distance, i.e. when they are difficult to distinguish from background
and noise. One may consider combining multiple images from a
video stream into a single enhanced image that provides more
information for the operator. In this paper we investigate a simple
algorithm to enhance simulated images from a military context and
investigate how the enhancement is affected by various types of
disturbance.