Abstract: Microbial air contamination of the outdoor air in Marine Durres-s Harbour (Durres, Albania) was estimated by sedimentation technique in August-October 2008. The sampling areas were: Ferry Terminal (FT), Fishery Harbor (FH), East Zone (EZ), Fuel Quay (FQ) and Apollonian Beach (AB). The aim of this study was to measure the number of aerobic plate count (mesophilic aerobic bacteria) and fungi (yeasts and molds) in the outdoor air in these areas. The number of colonies that were formed determines the number of cells at the moment in the outdoor air; respectively the number of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeasts and molds. The measure of bacteria and fungi used is CFU (Colony Forming Units) per Petri dish. It is said that marine harbours are very polluted areas. The aim of study was the definition of mesophilic aerobic bacteria and yeasts and molds number, and the comparison of microorganisms number in air sampling areas.
Abstract: This paper summarizes and compares approaches to
solving the knapsack problem and its known application in capital
budgeting. The first approach uses deterministic methods and can be
applied to small-size tasks with a single constraint. We can also
apply commercial software systems such as the GAMS modelling
system. However, because of NP-completeness of the problem, more
complex problem instances must be solved by means of heuristic
techniques to achieve an approximation of the exact solution in a
reasonable amount of time. We show the problem representation and
parameter settings for a genetic algorithm framework.
Abstract: Attack graph is an integral part of modeling the
overview of network security. System administrators use attack graphs to determine how vulnerable their systems are and to determine
what security measures to deploy to defend their systems. Previous methods on AGG(attack graphs generation) are aiming at
the whole network, which makes the process of AGG complex and
non-scalable. In this paper, we propose a new approach which is
simple and scalable to AGG by decomposing the whole network into atomic domains. Each atomic domain represents a host with a specific privilege. Then the process for AGG is achieved by communications
among all the atomic domains. Our approach simplifies the process
of design for the whole network, and can gives the attack graphs including each attack path for each host, and when the network changes we just carry on the operations of corresponding atomic
domains which makes the process of AGG scalable.
Abstract: The migration of a deformable drop in simple shear
flow at finite Reynolds numbers is investigated numerically by
solving the full Navier-Stokes equations using a finite
difference/front tracking method. The objectives of this study are to
examine the effectiveness of the present approach to predict the
migration of a drop in a shear flow and to investigate the behavior of
the drop migration with different drop sizes and non-unity viscosity
ratios. It is shown that the drop deformation depends strongly on the
capillary number, so that; the proper non-dimensional number for the
interfacial tension is the capillary number. The rate of migration
increased with increasing the drop radius. In other words, the
required time for drop migration to the centreline decreases. As the
viscosity ratio increases, the drop rotates more slowly and the
lubrication force becomes stronger. The increased lubrication force
makes it easier for the drop to migrate to the centre of the channel.
The migration velocity of the drop vanishes as the drop reaches the
centreline under viscosity ratio of one and non-unity viscosity ratios.
To validate the present calculations, some typical results are
compared with available experimental and theoretical data.
Abstract: This paper presents a comparative study on dry and wet grinding through experimental investigation in the grinding of CSM glass fibre reinforced polymer laminates using a pink aluminium oxide wheel. Different sets of experiments were performed to study the effects of the independent grinding parameters such as grinding wheel speed, feed and depth of cut on dependent performance criteria such as cutting forces and surface finish. Experimental conditions were laid out using design of experiment central composite design. An effective coolant was sought in this study to minimise cutting forces and surface roughness for GFRP laminates grinding. Test results showed that the use of coolants reduces surface roughness, although not necessarily the cutting forces. These research findings provide useful economic machining solution in terms of optimized grinding conditions for grinding CSM GFRP.
Abstract: The basic aim of our study is to give a possible model for handling uncertain information. This model is worked out in the framework of DATALOG. The concept of multivalued knowledgebase will be defined as a quadruple of any background knowledge; a deduction mechanism; a connecting algorithm, and a function set of the program, which help us to determine the uncertainty levels of the results. At first the concept of fuzzy Datalog will be summarized, then its extensions for intuitionistic- and interval-valued fuzzy logic is given and the concept of bipolar fuzzy Datalog is introduced. Based on these extensions the concept of multivalued knowledge-base will be defined. This knowledge-base can be a possible background of a future agent-model.
Abstract: In studies on psychological health and children-s personality development and in researches on emotional distresses, children-s behavioral disorders associated with mother deprivation, are known as the major cause of mental disorders. Therefore, for identification of children-s attachment styles in nursery-s children are of significant importance. For this purpose, to compare the attachment styles between children of nursery with those provided care by their families, the Separation Anxiety Test (SAT) of Slough and et al was administered on 72 children (36 in nursery and 36 family-cared). The results indicated, almost half of children in both groups have insecure attachment styles. Tendency ratio of both groups of children towards Secure and Ambivalent Insecure styles are almost the same. However the avoidant style of attachment in children of nursery is more than those provided care by their families. The children under family care compared to the children of nursery, in the situations of separation from their mothers in the first day of school and sleeping in their room, have shown more self reliance.
Abstract: Tufting carpet is a very suitable substrate for growing
microorganism such as pathogenic microbes, due to the direct touch
with human body, long washing periods and laying on the floor; in
fact there are 3 major problems: To risk human health, Prepare bad
odors and Destruction of the products.. In the presented research, for
investigation of presence most common microbes on polyester
tufting, first goods laid in a public place (in the corridor fair) for 30
days and the existence of some microbes were investigate on it with
two methods of enrichment in nutrient environments such as
thioglycolate and noutrunt brath, and shake the dust off the polyester
tufting onto cultivation mediums such as blood agar and noutrunt
agar. After the microorganism colonics are grown, the colonies were
separated and six microbial tests such as cataloes and sitrat were
carried out in five phases on the colonics for identifying the varieties
of bacteria. As a result of tests, 5 type of bacteria, such as
Escherichia coli, staphylococcus saprophytic as were identified. Each
of the mentioned bacteria can be seriously harmful for the heath of
human.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of
mucus production as a biomarker. This was done by exposing the
mussel Perna perna to various sublethal concentrations of Cu.
Mussels are effective as a bioindicator species as they accumulate Cu
in their tissues. Differences in mucus production rates were evaluated
at different Cu concentrations. The findings of this study indicate that
increasing Cu concentrations had a significant effect on the mucus
production rates over a 24 hour exposure. There were also significant
differences between the mucus production rates at different Cu
concentrations (p < 0.05). Thus, mucus is an essential detoxification
mechanism.
Abstract: Success is a European project that will implement several clean transport offers in three European cities and evaluate the environmental impacts. The goal of these measures is to improve urban mobility or the displacement of residents inside cities. For e.g. park and ride, electric vehicles, hybrid bus and bike sharing etc. A list of 28 criteria and 60 measures has been established for evaluation of these transport projects. The evaluation criteria can be grouped into: Transport, environment, social, economic and fuel consumption. This article proposes a decision support system based that encapsulates a hybrid approach based on fuzzy logic, multicriteria analysis and belief theory for the evaluation of impacts of urban mobility solutions. A web-based tool called DeSSIA (Decision Support System for Impacts Assessment) has been developed that treats complex data. The tool has several functionalities starting from data integration (import of data), evaluation of projects and finishes by graphical display of results. The tool development is based on the concept of MVC (Model, View, and Controller). The MVC is a conception model adapted to the creation of software's which impose separation between data, their treatment and presentation. Effort is laid on the ergonomic aspects of the application. It has codes compatible with the latest norms (XHTML, CSS) and has been validated by W3C (World Wide Web Consortium). The main ergonomic aspect focuses on the usability of the application, ease of learning and adoption. By the usage of technologies such as AJAX (XML and Java Script asynchrones), the application is more rapid and convivial. The positive points of our approach are that it treats heterogeneous data (qualitative, quantitative) from various information sources (human experts, survey, sensors, model etc.).
Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of lubrication on
the quantity of heat emission of two spur gear. System with and
without lubrication effected on the quantity of heat induced on the
gear box (oil - bearings – gears). Both of lubrication and speed of
motor are affected on the performance of gears. Research investigated
the lubrication on the system with and without loading as well as the
wear of gears and bearing's conditions. Gear box investigated
includes the motor, pump, two spur gears, two shafts; speed change
used pulleys and belts. Load used equal one weight ones of gear.
Lubrication mechanism used jet system (upper and lower jet). Gear
box we used system of jet lubrication is perpendicular direction of
the contact line between two teeth. Results appeared in this work that
the lubrication is the vital parameter which is affected on the
performance and durability of gears and bearings. In macroscopic
observation, we noted that damage of bearings happened during the
absence of lubrication as well as abrasive of wear of teeth. Higher
speed of motor without lubrication increased the noise, but in the
presence of lubrication was decreased.
Abstract: This paper describes a rapid prototyping (RP)
technology for forming a hydroxyapatite (HA) bone scaffold model.
The HA powder and a silica sol are mixed into bioceramic slurry form
under a suitable viscosity. The HA particles are embedded in the
solidified silica matrix to form green parts via a wide range of process
parameters after processing by selective laser sintering (SLS). The
results indicate that the proposed process was possible to fabricate
multilayers and hollow shell structure with brittle property but
sufficient integrity for handling prior to post-processing. The
fabricated bone scaffold models had a surface finish of 25
Abstract: The excessive use of agricultural pesticides and the
resulting contamination of food and beds of rivers have been a
recurring problem nowadays. Some of these substances can cause
changes in endocrine balance and impair reproductive function of
human and animal population. In the present study, we evaluated the
possible effects of the fungicide cuprous copper oxide Sandoz® on
pregnant Wistar rats. They received a daily oral administration of 103
or 3.103 mg/kg of the fungicide from the 6th to the 15th day of
gestation. On day 21 of gestation, the maternal and fetal toxicity
parameters and indices were determined. The administration of
cuprous oxide (Copper Sandoz) in Wistar rats, the period of
organogenesis, revealed no evidence of maternal toxicity or embryo
at the studied doses.
Abstract: Video streaming over lossy IP networks is very
important issues, due to the heterogeneous structure of networks.
Infrastructure of the Internet exhibits variable bandwidths, delays,
congestions and time-varying packet losses. Because of variable
attributes of the Internet, video streaming applications should not
only have a good end-to-end transport performance but also have a
robust rate control, furthermore multipath rate allocation mechanism.
So for providing the video streaming service quality, some other
components such as Bandwidth Estimation and Adaptive Rate
Controller should be taken into consideration. This paper gives an
overview of video streaming concept and bandwidth estimation tools
and then introduces special architectures for bandwidth adaptive
video streaming. A bandwidth estimation algorithm – pathChirp,
Optimized Rate Controllers and Multipath Rate Allocation Algorithm
are considered as all-in-one solution for video streaming problem.
This solution is directed and optimized by a decision center which is
designed for obtaining the maximum quality at the receiving side.
Abstract: The article considers religious aspects of Kazakh
society pre-Soviet times. Studying the mental, political and spiritual
content of Islam, the reasons for its wide distribution among the ancestors of the Kazakhs is analyzed. Interested Russians since the
accession of the Kazakh Khanate to the Russian Empire more than
once pointed out that Islam is a synthesis of Islam and Shamanism.
But shamanism is a generalization of the name of religion, which
took place prior to Islam in the land of the Kazakh people. Here we can see the elements of Zoroastrianism, Tengrianism, etc. This shows
that the ancestors of the Kazakhs - Turkic people - not renounced the
ancient beliefs completely and leave some portion of these religions
as an integral part of the worldview of the people, by the device.
Therefore, the founder of the Turkic Sufi Yasaui still has a huge impact on the religiosity of the Kazakhs. He managed elements of the
ancient religion, which formed the basis of the Kazakhs world, interpreted in the Muslim perspective. The Russian authorities tried
to quell by Islamization Kazakh people. But it was Islam that has
revived the national consciousness of the Kazakh people.
Abstract: Diesel Engines emit complex mixtures of inorganic
and organic compounds in the form of both solid and vapour phase
particles. Most of the particulates released are ultrafine nanoparticles
which are detrimental to human health and can easily enter the body
by respiration. The emissions standards on particulate matter release
from diesel engines are constantly upgraded within the European
Union and with future regulations based on the particles numbers
released instead of merely mass, the need for effective aftertreatment
devices will increase. Standard particulate filters in the form of wall
flow filters can have problems with high soot accumulation,
producing a large exhaust backpressure. A potential solution would
be to combine the standard filter with a flow through filter to reduce
the load on the wall flow filter. In this paper soot particle trapping has
been simulated in different continuous flow filters of monolithic
structure including the use of promoters, at laminar flow conditions.
An Euler Lagrange model, the discrete phase model in Ansys used
with user defined functions for forces acting on particles. A method
to quickly screen trapping of 5 nm and 10 nm particles in different
catalysts designs with tracers was also developed.
Simulations of square duct monoliths with promoters show that the
strength of the vortices produced are not enough to give a high
amount of particle deposition on the catalyst walls. The smallest
particles in the simulations, 5 and 10 nm particles were trapped to a
higher extent, than larger particles up to 1000 nm, in all studied
geometries with the predominant deposition mechanism being
Brownian diffusion. The comparison of the different filters designed
with a wall flow filter does show that the options for altering a design
of a flow through filter, without imposing a too large pressure drop
penalty are good.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present the design and
instrumentation of a new benchmark multivariable nonlinear control
laboratory. The mathematical model of this system may be used to
test the applicability and performance of various nonlinear control
procedures. The system is a two degree-of-freedom robotic arm with
soft and hard (discontinuous) nonlinear terms. Two novel
mechanisms are designed to allow the implementation of adjustable
Coulomb friction and backlash.
Abstract: This paper analysis performance of disbursement
procedure of public works project in Thailand. The results of
research were summarised based on contracts, submitted invoice,
inspection dated, copies of disbursement dated between client and
their main contractor and interviewed with persons involved in
central and local government projects during 1994-2008 in Thailand.
The data collection was to investigate the disbursement procedure
related to performance in disbursement during construction period
(Planned duration of contract against Actual execution date in each
month). A graphical presentation of a duration analysis of the
projects illustrated significant disbursement formation in each
project. It was established that the shortage of staff, the financial
stability of clients, bureaucratic, method of disbursement and
economics situation has play major role on performance of
disbursement to their main contractors.
Abstract: Spatial understanding and the understanding of
dynamic change in the spatial structure of molecules during a
reaction is essential for designing new molecules. Knowing the
physical processes in the reactions helps to speed up the designing
process. To support the designer with the correct representation of
the designed molecule as well as showing the dynamic behavior of
the whole reacting system is the goal of our application. Our system
shows the spatial deformation of the molecules at every time interval
by minimizing the energy level of the molecules. The position and
orientation of the molecules can be intuitively controlled by
manipulating objects of the real world using Augmented Reality
techniques. Our approach has the potential to speed up the design of
new molecules and help students to understand the chemical
processes better.
Abstract: In this work we report the recent progresses that have been achieved by our group in the last half decade on the field of computational proteomics. Specifically, we discuss the application of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and Electronic Structure Calculations in drug design, in the clarification of the structural and dynamic properties of proteins and enzymes and in the understanding of the catalytic and inhibition mechanism of cancer-related enzymes. A set of examples illustrate the concepts and help to introduce the reader into this important and fast moving field.