Abstract: Process planning and production scheduling play
important roles in manufacturing systems. In this paper a multiobjective
mixed integer linear programming model is presented for
the integrated planning and scheduling of multi-product. The aim is
to find a set of high-quality trade-off solutions. This is a
combinatorial optimization problem with substantially large solution
space, suggesting that it is highly difficult to find the best solutions
with the exact search method. To account for it, a PSO-based
algorithm is proposed by fully utilizing the capability of the
exploration search and fast convergence. To fit the continuous PSO
in the discrete modeled problem, a solution representation is used in
the algorithm. The numerical experiments have been performed to
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Abstract: Semantic query optimization consists in restricting the
search space in order to reduce the set of objects of interest for a
query. This paper presents an indexing method based on UB-trees
and a static analysis of the constraints associated to the views of the
database and to any constraint expressed on attributes. The result of
the static analysis is a partitioning of the object space into disjoint
blocks. Through Space Filling Curve (SFC) techniques, each
fragment (block) of the partition is assigned a unique identifier,
enabling the efficient indexing of fragments by UB-trees. The search
space corresponding to a range query is restricted to a subset of the
blocks of the partition. This approach has been developed in the
context of a KB-DBMS but it can be applied to any relational
system.
Abstract: Active vibration isolation systems are less commonly
used than passive systems due to their associated cost and power
requirements. In principle, semi-active isolation systems can deliver
the versatility, adaptability and higher performance of fully active
systems for a fraction of the power consumption. Various semi-active
control algorithms have been suggested in the past. This paper
studies the 4DOF model of semi-active suspension performance
controlled by on–off and continuous skyhook damping control
strategy. The frequency and transient responses of model are
evaluated in terms of body acceleration, roll angle and tire deflection
and are compared with that of a passive damper. The results show
that the semi-active system controlled by skyhook strategy always
provides better isolation than a conventional passively damped
system except at tire natural frequencies.
Abstract: Retinoic acid is like a steroid hormone that plays a
role in embryo formation, proliferation of spermatogonia cells,
ephitelial cells differentiation and organogenesis. Retinoic acid can
influences seminiferous tubule formation during embryonic testis
development and also play a role in the regulation of ovarian function
and female reproductive tract by suppressing the hormones FSH
receptor expression. The excessive use of retinoic acid caused
abnormalities in the fetus. The result showed that there is the
influence of retinoic acid on the developmet of mice fetal testes, for
examples disruption of the formation of seminiferous tubules and
tubules seemed to be hollow, spermatogonia cells are relatively few
in number and caused Leydig cells count relatively more. While in
the female fetus does not caused the formation of primordial follicles
and disrupted the development of germinal ephitelial cells of fetal
ovaries of female mice (mus musculus) Swiss Webster.
Abstract: In the last decade, energy based control theory has undergone a significant breakthrough in dealing with underactated mechanical systems with two successful and similar tools, controlled Lagrangians and controlled Hamiltanians (IDA-PBC). However, because of the complexity of these tools, successful case studies are lacking, in particular, MIMO cases. The seminal theoretical paper of controlled Lagrangians proposed by Bloch and his colleagues presented a benchmark example–a 4 d.o.f underactuated pendulum on a cart but a detailed and completed design is neglected. To compensate this ignorance, the note revisit their design idea by addressing explicit control functions for a similar device motivated by a vector thrust body hovering in the air. To the best of our knowledge, this system is the first MIMO, underactuated example that is stabilized by using energy based tools at the courtesy of the original design idea. Some observations are given based on computer simulation.
Abstract: Cylindrical concrete reservoirs are appropriate choice
for storing liquids as water, oil and etc. By using of the pre-cast
concrete reservoirs instead of the in-situ constructed reservoirs, the
speed and precision of the construction would considerably increase.
In this construction method, wall and roof panels would make in
factory with high quality materials and precise controlling. Then,
pre-cast wall and roof panels would carry out to the construction site
for assembling. This method has a few faults such as: the existing
weeks in connection of wall panels together and wall panels to
foundation. Therefore, these have to be resisted under applied loads
such as seismic load. One of the innovative methods which was
successfully applied for seismic retrofitting of numerous pre-cast
cylindrical water reservoirs in New Zealand, using of the high tensile
cables around the reservoirs and post-tensioning them. In this paper,
analytical modeling of wall and roof panels and post-tensioned
cables are carried out with finite element method and the effect of
height to diameter ratio, post-tensioning force value, liquid level in
reservoir, installing position of tendons on seismic response of
reservoirs are investigated.
Abstract: This paper proposes an easy-to-use instruction hiding
method to protect software from malicious reverse engineering
attacks. Given a source program (original) to be protected, the
proposed method (1) takes its modified version (fake) as an input,
(2) differences in assembly code instructions between original and
fake are analyzed, and, (3) self-modification routines are introduced
so that fake instructions become correct (i.e., original instructions)
before they are executed and that they go back to fake ones after
they are executed. The proposed method can add a certain amount
of security to a program since the fake instructions in the resultant
program confuse attackers and it requires significant effort to discover
and remove all the fake instructions and self-modification routines.
Also, this method is easy to use (with little effort) because all a user
(who uses the proposed method) has to do is to prepare a fake source
code by modifying the original source code.
Abstract: Computer based geostatistical methods can offer effective data analysis possibilities for agricultural areas by using
vectorial data and their objective informations. These methods will help to detect the spatial changes on different locations of the large
agricultural lands, which will lead to effective fertilization for optimal yield with reduced environmental pollution. In this study, topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (20-40 cm) samples were taken from a
sugar beet field by 20 x 20 m grids. Plant samples were also collected
from the same plots. Some physical and chemical analyses for these
samples were made by routine methods. According to derived variation coefficients, topsoil organic matter (OM) distribution was more than subsoil OM distribution. The highest C.V. value of
17.79% was found for topsoil OM. The data were analyzed
comparatively according to kriging methods which are also used
widely in geostatistic. Several interpolation methods (Ordinary,Simple and Universal) and semivariogram models (Spherical,
Exponential and Gaussian) were tested in order to choose the suitable
methods. Average standard deviations of values estimated by simple
kriging interpolation method were less than average standard
deviations (topsoil OM ± 0.48, N ± 0.37, subsoil OM ± 0.18) of measured values. The most suitable interpolation method was simple
kriging method and exponantial semivariogram model for topsoil,
whereas the best optimal interpolation method was simple kriging
method and spherical semivariogram model for subsoil. The results
also showed that these computer based geostatistical methods should
be tested and calibrated for different experimental conditions and semivariogram models.
Abstract: Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) has been
one on the most vivid research areas in the field of computer vision
over the last 10 years. Many programs and tools have been
developed to formulate and execute queries based on the visual or
audio content and to help browsing large multimedia repositories.
Still, no general breakthrough has been achieved with respect to
large varied databases with documents of difering sorts and with
varying characteristics. Answers to many questions with respect to
speed, semantic descriptors or objective image interpretations are
still unanswered. In the medical field, images, and especially
digital images, are produced in ever increasing quantities and used
for diagnostics and therapy. In several articles, content based
access to medical images for supporting clinical decision making
has been proposed that would ease the management of clinical data
and scenarios for the integration of content-based access methods
into Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) have
been created. This paper gives an overview of soft computing
techniques. New research directions are being defined that can
prove to be useful. Still, there are very few systems that seem to be
used in clinical practice. It needs to be stated as well that the goal
is not, in general, to replace text based retrieval methods as they
exist at the moment.
Abstract: From the importance of the conference and its
constructive role in the studies discussion, there must be a strong
organization that allows the exploitation of the discussions in opening
new horizons. The vast amount of information scattered across the
web, make it difficult to find experts, who can play a prominent role
in organizing conferences. In this paper we proposed a new approach
of extracting researchers- information from various Web resources
and correlating them in order to confirm their correctness. As a
validator of this approach, we propose a service that will be useful to
set up a conference. Its main objective is to find appropriate experts,
as well as the social events for a conference. For this application we
us Semantic Web technologies like RDF and ontology to represent
the confirmed information, which are linked to another ontology
(skills ontology) that are used to present and compute the expertise.
Abstract: novel and simple method is introduced for rapid and
highly efficient water treatment by reverse osmosis (RO) method using
multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) / polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
polymer as a flexible, highly efficient, reusable and semi-permeable
mixed matrix membrane (MMM). For this purpose, MWCNTs were
directly synthesized and on-line purified by chemical vapor deposition
(CVD) process, followed by directing the MWCNT bundles towards an
ultrasonic bath, in which PAN polymer was simultaneously suspended
inside a solid porous silica support in water at temperature to ~70 οC.
Fabrication process of MMM was finally completed by hot isostatic
pressing (HIP) process. In accordance with the analytical figures of
merit, the efficiency of fabricated MMM was ~97%. The rate of water
treatment process was also evaluated to 6.35 L min-1. The results reveal
that, the CNT-based MMM is suitable for rapid treatment of different
forms of industrial, sea, drinking and well water samples.
Abstract: Ontologies play an important role in semantic web applications and are often developed by different groups and continues to evolve over time. The knowledge in ontologies changes very rapidly that make the applications outdated if they continue to use old versions or unstable if they jump to new versions. Temporal frames using frame versioning and slot versioning are used to take care of dynamic nature of the ontologies. The paper proposes new tags and restructured OWL format enabling the applications to work with the old or new version of ontologies. Gene Ontology, a very dynamic ontology, has been used as a case study to explain the OWL Ontology with Temporal Tags.
Abstract: Horizontal wells are proven to be better producers
because they can be extended for a long distance in the pay zone.
Engineers have the technical means to forecast the well productivity
for a given horizontal length. However, experiences have shown that
the actual production rate is often significantly less than that of
forecasted. It is a difficult task, if not impossible to identify the real
reason why a horizontal well is not producing what was forecasted.
Often the source of problem lies in the drilling of horizontal section
such as permeability reduction in the pay zone due to mud invasion
or snaky well patterns created during drilling. Although drillers aim
to drill a constant inclination hole in the pay zone, the more frequent
outcome is a sinusoidal wellbore trajectory. The two factors, which
play an important role in wellbore tortuosity, are the inclination and
side force at bit. A constant inclination horizontal well can only be
drilled if the bit face is maintained perpendicular to longitudinal axis
of bottom hole assembly (BHA) while keeping the side force nil at
the bit. This approach assumes that there exists no formation force at
bit. Hence, an appropriate BHA can be designed if bit side force and
bit tilt are determined accurately. The Artificial Neural Network
(ANN) is superior to existing analytical techniques. In this study, the
neural networks have been employed as a general approximation tool
for estimation of the bit side forces. A number of samples are
analyzed with ANN for parameters of bit side force and the results
are compared with exact analysis. Back Propagation Neural network
(BPN) is used to approximation of bit side forces. Resultant low
relative error value of the test indicates the usability of the BPN in
this area.
Abstract: With the tremendous growth of World Wide Web
(WWW) data, there is an emerging need for effective information
retrieval at the document level. Several query languages such as
XML-QL, XPath, XQL, Quilt and XQuery are proposed in recent
years to provide faster way of querying XML data, but they still lack of
generality and efficiency. Our approach towards evolving a framework
for querying semistructured documents is based on formal query
algebra. Two elements are introduced in the proposed framework:
first, a generic and flexible data model for logical representation of
semistructured data and second, a set of operators for the manipulation
of objects defined in the data model. In additional to accommodating
several peculiarities of semistructured data, our model offers novel
features such as bidirectional paths for navigational querying and
partitions for data transformation that are not available in other
proposals.
Abstract: For best collaboration, Asynchronous tools and particularly the discussion forums are the most used thanks to their flexibility in terms of time. To convey only the messages that belong to a theme of interest of the tutor in order to help him during his tutoring work, use of a tool for classification of these messages is indispensable. For this we have proposed a semantics classification tool of messages of a discussion forum that is based on LSA (Latent Semantic Analysis), which includes a thesaurus to organize the vocabulary. Benefits offered by formal ontology can overcome the insufficiencies that a thesaurus generates during its use and encourage us then to use it in our semantic classifier. In this work we propose the use of some functionalities that a OWL ontology proposes. We then explain how functionalities like “ObjectProperty", "SubClassOf" and “Datatype" property make our classification more intelligent by way of integrating new terms. New terms found are generated based on the first terms introduced by tutor and semantic relations described by OWL formalism.
Abstract: Shirvan is located in plain in Northern Khorasan province north east of Iran and has semiarid to temperate climate. To investigate the annual changes in some qualitative parameters such as electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids and chloride concentrations which have increased during ten continuous years. Fourteen groundwater sources including deep as well as semi-deep wells were sampled and were analyzed using standard methods. The trends of obtained data were analyzed during these years and the effects of different factors on the changes in electrical conductivity, concentration of chloride and total dissolved solids were clarified. The results showed that the amounts of some qualitative parameters have been increased during 10 years time which has led to decrease in water quality. The results also showed that increased in urban populations as well as extensive industrialization in the studied area are the most important reasons to influence underground water quality. Furthermore decrease in water quantity is also evident due to more water utilization and occurrence of recent droughts in the region during recent years.
Abstract: A novel low-cost flight simulator with the development
goals cost effectiveness and high performance has been realized for
meeting the huge pilot training needs of airlines. The simulator
consists of an aircraft dynamics model, a sophisticated designed
low-profile electrical driven motion system with a subsided cabin, a
mixed reality based semi-virtual cockpit system, a control loading
system and some other subsystems. It shows its advantages over
traditional flight simulator by its features achieved with open
architecture, software solutions and low-cost hardware.
Abstract: This paper presents an online method that learns the
corresponding points of an object from un-annotated grayscale images
containing instances of the object. In the first image being
processed, an ensemble of node points is automatically selected
which is matched in the subsequent images. A Bayesian posterior
distribution for the locations of the nodes in the images is formed.
The likelihood is formed from Gabor responses and the prior assumes
the mean shape of the node ensemble to be similar in a translation
and scale free space. An association model is applied for separating
the object nodes and background nodes. The posterior distribution is
sampled with Sequential Monte Carlo method. The matched object
nodes are inferred to be the corresponding points of the object
instances. The results show that our system matches the object nodes
as accurately as other methods that train the model with annotated
training images.
Abstract: This study aims to specify to what extent students
understand topology during the lesson and to determine possible
misconceptions. 14 teacher trainees registered at Secondary School
Mathematics education department were observed in the topology
lessons throughout a semester and data collected at the first topology
lesson is presented here. Students- knowledge was evaluated using a
written test right before and after the topology lesson. Thus, what the
students learnt in terms of the definition and examples of topologic
space were specified as well as possible misconceptions. The
findings indicated that students did not fully comprehend the topic
and misunderstandings were due to insufficient pre-requisite
knowledge of abstract mathematical topics and mathematical
notation.
Abstract: The principal purpose of this article is to present a new method based on Adaptive Neural Network Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to generate additional artificial earthquake accelerograms from presented data, which are compatible with specified response spectra. The proposed method uses the learning abilities of ANFIS to develop the knowledge of the inverse mapping from response spectrum to earthquake records. In addition, wavelet packet transform is used to decompose specified earthquake records and then ANFISs are trained to relate the response spectrum of records to their wavelet packet coefficients. Finally, an interpretive example is presented which uses an ensemble of recorded accelerograms to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.