Abstract: Three alumina-supported Pt-Sn catalysts have been
prepared by means of co-impregnation and characterized by XRD and
N2 adsorption. The influence of catalyst composition and reaction
conditions on the conversion and selectivity were investigated in the
hydrogenation of acetic acid in an isothermal integral fixed bed
reactor. The experiments were performed on the temperature interval
468-548 K, liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV) of 0.3-0.7h-1,
pressures between 1.0 and 5.0Mpa. A good compromise of
0.75%Pt-1.5%Sn can act as an optimized acetic acid hydrogenation
catalyst, and the conversion and selectivity can be tuned through the
variation of reaction conditions.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to solve the problem of protecting aerial lines from high impedance faults (HIFs) in distribution systems. This investigation successfully applies 3I0 zero sequence current to solve HIF problems. The feature extraction system based on discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the feature identification technique found on statistical confidence are then applied to discriminate effectively between the HIFs and the switch operations. Based on continuous wavelet transform (CWT) pattern recognition of HIFs is proposed, also. Staged fault testing results demonstrate that the proposed wavelet based algorithm is feasible performance well.
Abstract: In recent years, scanning probe atomic force
microscopy SPM AFM has gained acceptance over a wide spectrum
of research and science applications. Most fields focuses on physical,
chemical, biological while less attention is devoted to manufacturing
and machining aspects. The purpose of the current study is to assess
the possible implementation of the SPM AFM features and its
NanoScope software in general machining applications with special
attention to the tribological aspects of cutting tool. The surface
morphology of coated and uncoated as-received carbide inserts is
examined, analyzed, and characterized through the determination of
the appropriate scanning setting, the suitable data type imaging
techniques and the most representative data analysis parameters
using the MultiMode SPM AFM in contact mode. The NanoScope
operating software is used to capture realtime three data types
images: “Height", “Deflection" and “Friction". Three scan sizes are
independently performed: 2, 6, and 12 μm with a 2.5 μm vertical
range (Z). Offline mode analysis includes the determination of three
functional topographical parameters: surface “Roughness", power
spectral density “PSD" and “Section". The 12 μm scan size in
association with “Height" imaging is found efficient to capture every
tiny features and tribological aspects of the examined surface. Also,
“Friction" analysis is found to produce a comprehensive explanation
about the lateral characteristics of the scanned surface. Configuration
of many surface defects and drawbacks has been precisely detected
and analyzed.
Abstract: Trust management and Reputation models are
becoming integral part of Internet based applications such as CSCW,
E-commerce and Grid Computing. Also the trust dimension is a
significant social structure and key to social relations within a
collaborative community. Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) is
a difficult task in the context of distributed environment (information
across different geographical locations) and multidisciplinary
decisions are involved such as Virtual Organization (VO). To aid
team decision making in VO, Decision Support System and social
network analysis approaches are integrated. In such situations social
learning helps an organization in terms of relationship, team
formation, partner selection etc. In this paper we focus on trust
learning. Trust learning is an important activity in terms of
information exchange, negotiation, collaboration and trust
assessment for cooperation among virtual team members. In this
paper we have proposed a reinforcement learning which enhances the
trust decision making capability of interacting agents during
collaboration in problem solving activity. Trust computational model
with learning that we present is adapted for best alternate selection of
new project in the organization. We verify our model in a multi-agent
simulation where the agents in the community learn to identify
trustworthy members, inconsistent behavior and conflicting behavior
of agents.
Abstract: In this paper, to resolve the problem of existing
schemes, an alternative fast handover Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6)
scheme using the IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handover (MIH)
function is proposed for heterogeneous wireless networks. The proposed
scheme comes to support fast handover for the mobile node
(MN) irrespective of the presence or absence of MIH functionality
as well as L3 mobility functionality, whereas the MN in existing
schemes has to implement MIH functionality. That is, the proposed
scheme does not require the MN to be involved in MIH related signaling
required for handover procedure. The base station (BS) with MIH
functionality performs handover on behalf of the MN. Therefore, the
proposed scheme can reduce burden and power consumption of MNs
with limited resource and battery power since MNs are not required
to be involved for the handover procedure. In addition, the proposed
scheme can reduce considerably traffic overhead over wireless links
between MN and BS since signaling messages are reduced.
Abstract: A simple mobile engine-driven pneumatic paddy
collector made of locally available materials using local
manufacturing technology was designed, fabricated, and tested for
collecting and bagging of paddy dried on concrete pavement. The
pneumatic paddy collector had the following major components:
radial flat bladed type centrifugal fan, power transmission system,
bagging area, frame and the conveyance system. Results showed
significant differences on the collecting capacity, noise level, and fuel
consumption when rotational speed of the air mover shaft was varied.
Other parameters such as collecting efficiency, air velocity,
augmented cracked grain percentage, and germination rate were not
significantly affected by varying rotational speed of the air mover
shaft. The pneumatic paddy collector had a collecting efficiency of
99.33 % with a collecting capacity of 2685.00 kg/h at maximum
rotational speed of centrifugal fan shaft of about 4200 rpm. The
machine entailed an investment cost of P 62,829.25. The break-even
weight of paddy was 510,606.75 kg/yr at a collecting cost of 0.11
P/kg of paddy. Utilizing the machine for 400 hours per year
generated an income of P 23,887.73. The projected time needed to
recover cost of the machine based on 2685 kg/h collecting capacity
was 2.63 year.
Abstract: In this study, rotating flexible shaft-disk system
having flexible beams is considered as a dynamic system. After
neglecting nonlinear terms, torsional vibration of the shaft-disk
system and lateral and longitudinal vibration of the flexible beam are
still coupled through the motor speed. The system has three natural
frequencies; the flexible shaft-disk system torsional natural
frequency, the flexible beam lateral and longitudinal natural
frequencies. Eigenvalue calculations show that while the shaft speed
changes, torsional natural frequency of the shaft-disk system and the
beam longitudinal natural frequency are not changing but the beam
lateral natural frequency changes. Beam lateral natural frequency
stays the same as the nonrotating beam lateral natural frequency ωb
until the motor speed ωm is equal to ωb. After then ωb increases and
remains equal to the motor speed ωm until the motor speed is equal to
the shaft-disk system natural frequency ωT. Then the beam lateral
natural frequency ωb becomes equal to the natural frequency ωT and
stays same while the motor speed ωm is increased. Modal amplitudes
and phase angles of the vibrations are also plotted against the motor
speed ωm.
Abstract: IETF defines mobility support in IPv6, i.e. MIPv6, to
allow nodes to remain reachable while moving around in the IPv6
internet. When a node moves and visits a foreign network, it is still
reachable through the indirect packet forwarding from its home
network. This triangular routing feature provides node mobility but
increases the communication latency between nodes. This deficiency
can be overcome by using a Binding Update (BU) scheme, which let
nodes keep up-to-date IP addresses and communicate with each other
through direct IP routing. To further protect the security of BU, a
Return Routability (RR) procedure was developed. However, it has
been found that RR procedure is vulnerable to many attacks. In this
paper, we will propose a lightweight RR procedure based on
geometric computing. In consideration of the inherent limitation of
computing resources in mobile node, the proposed scheme is
developed to minimize the cost of computations and to eliminate the
overhead of state maintenance during binding updates. Compared with
other CGA-based BU schemes, our scheme is more efficient and
doesn-t need nonce tables in nodes.
Abstract: Information sharing and exchange, rather than
information processing, is what characterizes information
technology in the 21st century. Ontologies, as shared common
understanding, gain increasing attention, as they appear as the
most promising solution to enable information sharing both at
a semantic level and in a machine-processable way. Domain
Ontology-based modeling has been exploited to provide
shareability and information exchange among diversified,
heterogeneous applications of enterprises.
Contextual ontologies are “an explicit specification of
contextual conceptualization". That is: ontology is
characterized by concepts that have multiple representations
and they may exist in several contexts. Hence, contextual
ontologies are a set of concepts and relationships, which are
seen from different perspectives. Contextualization is to allow
for ontologies to be partitioned according to their contexts.
The need for contextual ontologies in enterprise modeling
has become crucial due to the nature of today's competitive
market. Information resources in enterprise is distributed and
diversified and is in need to be shared and communicated
locally through the intranet and globally though the internet.
This paper discusses the roles that ontologies play in an
enterprise modeling, and how ontologies assist in building a
conceptual model in order to provide communicative and
interoperable information systems. The issue of enterprise
modeling based on contextual domain ontology is also
investigated, and a framework is proposed for an enterprise
model that consists of various applications.
Abstract: This paper presents a experiment to estimate the
influences of cutting conditions in microstructure changes of
machining austenitic 304 stainless steel, especially for wear insert. The
wear insert were prefabricated with a width of 0.5 mm. And the forces,
temperature distribution, RS, and microstructure changes were
measured by force dynamometer, infrared thermal camera, X-ray
diffraction, XRD, SEM, respectively. The results told that the different
combinations of machining condition have a significant influence on
machined surface microstructure changes. In addition to that, the
ANOVA and AOMwere used to tell the different influences of cutting
speed, feed rate, and wear insert.
Abstract: The extraction of meaningful information from image
could be an alternative method for time series analysis. In this paper,
we propose a graphical analysis of time series grouped into table
with adjusted colour scale for numerical values. The advantages of
this method are also discussed. The proposed method is easy to
understand and is flexible to implement the standard methods of
pattern recognition and verification, especially for noisy
environmental data.
Abstract: Heat-inducible gene expression vectors are useful for hyperthermia-induced cancer gene therapy, because the combination
of hyperthermia and gene therapy can considerably improve the therapeutic effects. In the present study, we developed an enhanced
heat-inducible transgene expression system in which a heat-shock
protein (HSP) promoter and tetracycline-responsive transactivator
were combined. When the transactivator plasmid containing the
tetracycline-responsive transactivator gene was co-transfected with
the reporter gene expression plasmid, a high level of heat-induced gene expression was observed compared with that using the HSP
promoter without the transactivator. In vitro evaluation of the
therapeutic effect using HeLa cells showed that heat-induced therapeutic gene expression caused cell death in a high percentage of
these cells, indicating that this strategy is promising for cancer gene therapy.
Abstract: In this paper, we present local image descriptor using
VQ-SIFT for more effective and efficient image retrieval. Instead of
SIFT's weighted orientation histograms, we apply vector quantization
(VQ) histogram as an alternate representation for SIFT features.
Experimental results show that SIFT features using VQ-based local
descriptors can achieve better image retrieval accuracy than the
conventional algorithm while the computational cost is significantly
reduced.
Abstract: This study was carried out in Ankara, the capital city of Turkey, in order to determine how people living in the slums of Ankara benefit from educational equality. Within the scope of the research, interviews were made with 64 families whose children have been getting education from the primary schools of these parts and the data of the study was collected by the researcher. The results of the research demonstrate that the children getting education in the slums of Ankara can not experience educational equality and justice. The results of this study show that the opportunities of the schools in the slums of Ankara are very limited, so the individuals in these districts can not equally benefit from the education. The families are aware of the problem they are faced with. KeywordsDiscrimination, inequality, primary education, slums of Turkey.
Abstract: We study dynamic instability in high-rise steel moment
resisting frames (SMRFs) subjected to synthetic long-period ground
motions caused by hypothetical huge subduction earthquakes. Since
long duration as well as long dominant periods is a characteristic of
long-period ground motions, interstory drifts may enter the negative
postyield stiffness range many times when high-rise buildings are
subjected to long-period ground motions. Through the case studies of
9 high-rise SMRFs designed in accordance with the Japanese design
practice in 1980s, we demonstrate that drifting, or accumulation of
interstory drifts in one direction, occurs at the lower stories of the
SMRFs, if their natural periods are close to the dominant periods of the
long-period ground motions. The drifting led to residual interstory
drift ratio over 0.01, or to collapse if the design base shear was small.
Abstract: Work stress causes the organizational work-life
imbalance of employees. Because of this imbalance, workers perform
with lower effort to finish assignments and thus an organization will
experience reduced productivity. In order to investigate the problem
of an organizational work-life imbalance, this qualitative case study
focuses on an organizational work-life imbalance among Thai
software developers in a German-owned company in Chiang Mai,
Thailand. In terms of knowledge management, fishbone diagram is
useful analysis tool to investigate the root causes of an organizational
work-life imbalance systematically in focus-group discussions.
Furthermore, fishbone diagram shows the relationship between
causes and effects clearly. It was found that an organizational worklife
imbalance among Thai software developers is influenced by
management team, work environment, and information tools used in
the company over time.
Abstract: Groundwater has become the most dependable source
of fresh water for agriculture, domestic and industrial uses in the past
few decades. This wide use of groundwater if left uncontrolled and
unseen will lead to overexploitation causing sea water intrusion in the
coastal areas and illegal water marketing. Several Policies and Acts
have been enacted to regulate and manage the use of this valuable
resource. In spite of this the over extraction of groundwater beyond
the recharging capacity of aquifers and depletion in the quality of
groundwater is continuing. The current study aims at reviewing the
Acts and Policies existing in the State of Tamil Nadu and in the
National level regarding groundwater regulation and management.
Further an analysis is made on the rights associated with the usage of
groundwater resources and the gaps in these policies have been
analyzed. Some suggestions are made to reform the existing
groundwater policies for better management and regulation of the
resource.
Abstract: In this paper, a new formulation for acoustics coupled with linear elasticity is presented. The primary objective of the work is to develop a three dimensional hp adaptive finite element method code destinated for modeling of acoustics of human head. The code will have numerous applications e.g. in designing hearing protection devices for individuals working in high noise environments. The presented work is in the preliminary stage. The variational formulation has been implemented and tested on a sequence of meshes with concentric multi-layer spheres, with material data representing the tissue (the brain), skull and the air. Thus, an efficient solver for coupled elasticity/acoustics problems has been developed, and tested on high contrast material data representing the human head.
Abstract: This work is an attempt to use the standard Smoothed
Particle Hydrodynamics methodology for the simulation of the
complex unsteady, free-surface flow in a rotating Turgo impulse
water turbine. A comparison of two different geometries was
conducted. The SPH method due to its mesh-less nature is capable of
capturing the flow features appearing in the turbine, without
diffusion at the water/air interface. Furthermore results are compared
with a commercial CFD package (Fluent®) and the SPH algorithm
proves to be capable of providing similar results, in much less time
than the mesh based CFD program. A parametric study was also
performed regarding the turbine inlet angle.
Abstract: Due to the complex network architecture, the mobile
adhoc network-s multihop feature gives additional problems to the
users. When the traffic load at each node gets increased, the
additional contention due its traffic pattern might cause the nodes
which are close to destination to starve the nodes more away from the
destination and also the capacity of network is unable to satisfy the
total user-s demand which results in an unfairness problem. In this
paper, we propose to create an algorithm to compute the optimal
MAC-layer bandwidth assigned to each flow in the network. The
bottleneck links contention area determines the fair time share which
is necessary to calculate the maximum allowed transmission rate used
by each flow. To completely utilize the network resources, we
compute two optimal rates namely, the maximum fair share and
minimum fair share. We use the maximum fair share achieved in
order to limit the input rate of those flows which crosses the
bottleneck links contention area when the flows that are not allocated
to the optimal transmission rate and calculate the following highest
fair share. Through simulation results, we show that the proposed
protocol achieves improved fair share and throughput with reduced
delay.