Abstract: An application framework provides a reusable design
and implementation for a family of software systems. Application
developers extend the framework to build their particular
applications using hooks. Hooks are the places identified to show
how to use and customize the framework. Hooks define the
Framework Interface Classes (FICs) and their possible specifications,
which helps in building reusable test cases for the implementations of
these classes. This paper introduces a novel technique called all
paths-state to generate state-based test cases to test the FICs at class
level. The technique is experimentally evaluated. The empirical
evaluation shows that all paths-state technique produces test cases
with a high degree of coverage for the specifications of the
implemented FICs comparing to test cases generated using round-trip
path and all-transition techniques.
Abstract: Ontology-based modelling of multi-formatted
software application content is a challenging area in content
management. When the number of software content unit is huge and
in continuous process of change, content change management is
important. The management of content in this context requires
targeted access and manipulation methods. We present a novel
approach to deal with model-driven content-centric information
systems and access to their content. At the core of our approach is an
ontology-based semantic annotation technique for diversely
formatted content that can improve the accuracy of access and
systems evolution. Domain ontologies represent domain-specific
concepts and conform to metamodels. Different ontologies - from
application domain ontologies to software ontologies - capture and
model the different properties and perspectives on a software content
unit. Interdependencies between domain ontologies, the artifacts and
the content are captured through a trace model. The annotation traces
are formalised and a graph-based system is selected for the
representation of the annotation traces.
Abstract: Since the beginning of human history, human
activities have caused many changes in the environment. Today, a
particular attention should be paid to gaining knowledge about water
quality of wetlands which are pristine natural environments rich in
genetic reserves. If qualitative conditions of industrial areas (in terms
of both physicochemical and biological conditions) are not addressed
properly, they could cause disruption in natural ecosystems,
especially in rivers. With regards to the quality of water resources,
determination of pollutant sources plays a pivotal role in engineering
projects as well as designing water quality control systems. Thus,
using different methods such as flow duration curves, dischargepollution
load model and frequency analysis by HYFA software
package, risk of various industrial pollutants in international and
ecologically important Gavkhoni wetland is analyzed. In this study, a
station located at Varzaneh City is used as the last station on
Zayanderud River, from where the river water is discharged into the
wetland. Results showed that elements- concentrations often
exceeded the allowed level and river water can endanger regional
ecosystem. In addition, if the river discharge is managed on Q25
basis, this basis can lower concentrations of elements, keeping them
within the normal level.
Abstract: Currently is characterized production engineering
together with the integration of industrial automation and robotics
such very quick view of to manufacture the products. The production
range is continuously changing, expanding and producers have to be
flexible in this regard. It means that need to offer production
possibilities, which can respond to the quick change. Engineering
product development is focused on supporting CAD software, such
systems are mainly used for product design. That manufacturers are
competitive, it should be kept procured machines made available
capable of responding to output flexibility. In response to that
problem is the development of flexible manufacturing systems,
consisting of various automated systems. The integration of flexible
manufacturing systems and subunits together with product design and
of engineering is a possible solution for this issue. Integration is
possible through the implementation of CIM systems. Such a solution
and finding a hyphen between CAD and procurement system ICIM
3000 from Festo Co. is engaged in the research project and this
contribution. This can be designed the products in CAD systems and
watch the manufacturing process from order to shipping by the
development of methods and processes of integration, This can be
modeled in CAD systems products and watch the manufacturing
process from order to shipping to develop methods and processes of
integration, which will improve support for product design
parameters by monitoring of the production process, by creating of
programs for production using the CAD and therefore accelerates the
a total of process from design to implementation.
Abstract: Design Patterns have gained more and more
acceptances since their emerging in software development world last
decade and become another de facto standard of essential knowledge
for Object-Oriented Programming developers nowadays.
Their target usage, from the beginning, was for regular computers,
so, minimizing power consumption had never been a concern.
However, in this decade, demands of more complicated software for
running on mobile devices has grown rapidly as the much higher
performance portable gadgets have been supplied to the market
continuously. To get along with time to market that is business
reason, the section of software development for power conscious,
battery, devices has shifted itself from using specific low-level
languages to higher level ones. Currently, complicated software
running on mobile devices are often developed by high level
languages those support OOP concepts. These cause the trend of
embracing Design Patterns to mobile world.
However, using Design Patterns directly in software development
for power conscious systems is not recommended because they were
not originally designed for such environment. This paper
demonstrates the adapted Design Pattern for power limitation system.
Because there are numerous original design patterns, it is not possible
to mention the whole at once. So, this paper focuses only in creating
Energy Conscious version of existing regular "Builder Pattern" to be
appropriated for developing low power consumption software.
Abstract: Source code retrieval is of immense importance in the software engineering field. The complex tasks of retrieving and extracting information from source code documents is vital in the development cycle of the large software systems. The two main subtasks which result from these activities are code duplication prevention and plagiarism detection. In this paper, we propose a Mohamed Amine Ouddan, and Hassane Essafi source code retrieval system based on two-level fingerprint representation, respectively the structural and the semantic information within a source code. A sequence alignment technique is applied on these fingerprints in order to quantify the similarity between source code portions. The specific purpose of the system is to detect plagiarism and duplicated code between programs written in different programming languages belonging to the same class, such as C, Cµ, Java and CSharp. These four languages are supported by the actual version of the system which is designed such that it may be easily adapted for any programming language.
Abstract: As a by-product of its "cyberspace" status, electronic
commerce is global, encompassing a whole range of B2C
relationships which need to be approached with solutions provided at
a local level while remaining viable when applied to global issues.
Today, the European Union seems to be endowed with a reliable
legal framework for consumer protection. A question which remains,
however, is enforcement of this protection. This is probably a matter
of time and awareness from both parties in the B2C relationship.
Business should realize that enhancing trust in the minds of
consumers is more than a question of technology; it is a question of
best practice. Best practice starts with the online service of high
street banks as well as with the existence of a secure, user-friendly
and cost-effective payment system. It also includes the respect of
privacy and the use of smart cards as well as enhancing privacy
technologies and fair information practice. In sum, only by offering
this guarantee of privacy and security will the consumer be assured
that, in cyberspace, his/her interests will be protected in the same
manner as in a traditional commercial environment.
Abstract: An application framework provides a reusable design
and implementation for a family of software systems. Application
developers extend the framework to build their particular
applications using hooks. Hooks are the places identified to show
how to use and customize the framework. Hooks define the
Framework Interface Classes (FICs) and the specifications of their
methods. As part of the development life cycle, it is required to test
the implementations of the FICs. Building a testing model to express
the behavior of a class is an essential step for the generation of the
class-based test cases. The testing model has to be consistent with the
specifications provided for the hooks. State-based models consisting
of states and transitions are testing models well suited to objectoriented
software. Typically, hand-construction of a state-based
model of a class behavior is expensive, error-prone, and may result in
constructing an inconsistent model with the specifications of the class
methods, which misleads verification results. In this paper, a
technique is introduced to automatically synthesize a state-based
testing model for FICs using the specifications provided for the
hooks. A tool that supports the proposed technique is introduced.
Abstract: A novel low-cost flight simulator with the development
goals cost effectiveness and high performance has been realized for
meeting the huge pilot training needs of airlines. The simulator
consists of an aircraft dynamics model, a sophisticated designed
low-profile electrical driven motion system with a subsided cabin, a
mixed reality based semi-virtual cockpit system, a control loading
system and some other subsystems. It shows its advantages over
traditional flight simulator by its features achieved with open
architecture, software solutions and low-cost hardware.
Abstract: Learning programming is difficult for many learners. Some researches have found that the main difficulty relates to cognitive load. Cognitive overload happens in programming due to the nature of the subject which is intrinisicly over-bearing on the working memory. It happens due to the complexity of the subject itself. The problem is made worse by the poor instructional design methodology used in the teaching and learning process. Various efforts have been proposed to reduce the cognitive load, e.g. visualization softwares, part-program method etc. Use of many computer based systems have also been tried to tackle the problem. However, little success has been made to alleviate the problem. More has to be done to overcome this hurdle. This research attempts at understanding how cognitive load can be managed so as to reduce the problem of overloading. We propose a mechanism to measure the cognitive load during pre instruction, post instruction and in instructional stages of learning. This mechanism is used to help the instruction. As the load changes the instruction is made to adapt itself to ensure cognitive viability. This mechanism could be incorporated as a sub domain in the student model of various computer based instructional systems to facilitate the learning of programming.
Abstract: Avionics software is safe-critical embedded software
and its architecture is evolving from traditional federated architectures
to Integrated Modular Avionics (IMA) to improve resource usability.
ARINC 653 (Avionics Application Standard Software Interface) is a
software specification for space and time partitioning in Safety-critical
avionics Real-time operating systems. Arinc653 uses two-level
scheduling strategies, but current modeling tools only apply to simple
problems of Arinc653 two-level scheduling, which only contain time
property. In avionics industry, we are always manually allocating
tasks and calculating the timing table of a real-time system to ensure
it-s running as we design. In this paper we represent an automatically
generating strategy which applies to the two scheduling problems with
dependent constraints in Arinc653 partition run-time environment. It
provides the functionality of automatic generation from the task and partition models to scheduling policy through allocating the tasks to the partitions while following the constraints, and then we design a simulating mechanism to check whether our policy is schedulable or
not
Abstract: The abnormal increase in the number of applications available for download in Android markets is a good indication that they are being reused. However, little is known about their real reusability potential. A considerable amount of these applications is reported as having a poor quality or being malicious. Hence, in this paper, an approach to measure the reusability potential of classes in Android applications is proposed. The approach is not meant specifically for this particular type of applications. Rather, it is intended for Object-Oriented (OO) software systems in general and aims also to provide means to discard the classes of low quality and defect prone applications from being reused directly through inheritance and instantiation. An empirical investigation is conducted to measure and rank the reusability potential of the classes of randomly selected Android applications. The results obtained are thoroughly analyzed in order to understand the extent of this potential and the factors influencing it.
Abstract: This paper presents a new methodology to study power and energy consumption in mechatronic systems early in the development process. This new approach makes use of two modeling languages to represent and simulate embedded control software and electromechanical subsystems in the discrete event and continuous time domain respectively within a single co-model. This co-model enables an accurate representation of power and energy consumption and facilitates the analysis and development of both software and electro-mechanical subsystems in parallel. This makes the engineers aware of energy-wise implications of different design alternatives and enables early trade-off analysis from the beginning of the analysis and design activities.
Abstract: Clearance in the joints of multibody mechanical
systems such as linkage mechanisms and robots is a main source of
vibration, and noise of the whole system, and wear of the joints
themselves. This clearance is an inevitable matter and cannot be
eliminated, since it allows the relative motion between joint
components and make them assemblage. This paper presents an
experimental verification of the obtained simulation results of a slider
– crank mechanism of one clearance revolute joint. The simulation
results are obtained with the aid of CAD and dynamic simulation
softwares, which is an effective method of simulation multibody
systems with clearance joints and have many advantages. The
comparison between both simulation and experimental results shows
that the simulation results are so close to the experimental ones which
proves the accuracy and efficiency of this method of modeling and
simulation of mechanical systems with clearance joints.
Abstract: This article gives a short preview of the new software
created especially for palletizing process in automated production
systems. Each chapter of this article is about problem solving in
development of modules in Java programming language. First part
describes structure of the software, its modules and data flow
between them. Second part describes all deployment methods, which
are implemented in the software. Next chapter is about twodimensional
editor created for manipulation with objects in each
layer of the load and gives calculations for collision control. Module
of virtual reality used for three-dimensional preview and creation of
the load is described in the fifth chapter. The last part of this article
describes communication and data flow between control system of
the robot, vision system and software.
Abstract: Nowaday-s, many organizations use systems that
support business process as a whole or partially. However, in some
application domains, like software development and health care
processes, a normative Process Aware System (PAS) is not suitable,
because a flexible support is needed to respond rapidly to new
process models. On the other hand, a flexible Process Aware System
may be vulnerable to undesirable and fraudulent executions, which
imposes a tradeoff between flexibility and security. In order to make
this tradeoff available, a genetic-based anomaly detection model for
logs of Process Aware Systems is presented in this paper. The
detection of an anomalous trace is based on discovering an
appropriate process model by using genetic process mining and
detecting traces that do not fit the appropriate model as anomalous
trace; therefore, when used in PAS, this model is an automated
solution that can support coexistence of flexibility and security.
Abstract: Application of Expert System in the area of agriculture would take the form of Integrated Crop Management decision aids and would encompass water management, fertilizer management, crop protection systems and identification of implements. In order to remain competitive, the modern farmer often relies on agricultural specialists and advisors to provide information for decision-making. An expert system normally composed of a knowledge base (information, heuristics, etc.), inference engine (analyzes knowledge base), and end user interface (accepting inputs, generating outputs). Software named 'CROP-9-DSS' incorporating all modern features like, graphics, photos, video clippings etc. has been developed. This package will aid as a decision support system for identification of pest and diseases with control measures, fertilizer recommendation system, water management system and identification of farm implements for leading crops of Kerala (India) namely Coconut, Rice, Cashew, Pepper, Banana, four vegetables like Amaranthus, Bhindi, Brinjal and Cucurbits. 'CROP-9-DSS' will act as an expert system to agricultural officers, scientists in the field of agriculture and extension workers for decision-making and help them in suggesting suitable recommendations.
Abstract: Nowadays companies strive to survive in a
competitive global environment. To speed up product
development/modifications, it is suggested to adopt a collaborative
product development approach. However, despite the advantages of
new IT improvements still many CAx systems work separately and
locally. Collaborative design and manufacture requires a product
information model that supports related CAx product data models. To
solve this problem many solutions are proposed, which the most
successful one is adopting the STEP standard as a product data model
to develop a collaborative CAx platform. However, the improvement
of the STEP-s Application Protocols (APs) over the time, huge
number of STEP AP-s and cc-s, the high costs of implementation,
costly process for conversion of older CAx software files to the STEP
neutral file format; and lack of STEP knowledge, that usually slows
down the implementation of the STEP standard in collaborative data
exchange, management and integration should be considered. In this
paper the requirements for a successful collaborative CAx system is
discussed. The STEP standard capability for product data integration
and its shortcomings as well as the dominant platforms for supporting
CAx collaboration management and product data integration are
reviewed. Finally a platform named LAYMOD to fulfil the
requirements of CAx collaborative environment and integrating the
product data is proposed. The platform is a layered platform to enable
global collaboration among different CAx software
packages/developers. It also adopts the STEP modular architecture
and the XML data structures to enable collaboration between CAx
software packages as well as overcoming the STEP standard
limitations. The architecture and procedures of LAYMOD platform
to manage collaboration and avoid contradicts in product data
integration are introduced.
Abstract: Prediction of fault-prone modules provides one way to
support software quality engineering. Clustering is used to determine
the intrinsic grouping in a set of unlabeled data. Among various
clustering techniques available in literature K-Means clustering
approach is most widely being used. This paper introduces K-Means
based Clustering approach for software finding the fault proneness of
the Object-Oriented systems. The contribution of this paper is that it
has used Metric values of JEdit open source software for generation
of the rules for the categorization of software modules in the
categories of Faulty and non faulty modules and thereafter
empirically validation is performed. The results are measured in
terms of accuracy of prediction, probability of Detection and
Probability of False Alarms.
Abstract: One major difficulty that faces developers of
concurrent and distributed software is analysis for concurrency based
faults like deadlocks. Petri nets are used extensively in the
verification of correctness of concurrent programs. ECATNets [2] are
a category of algebraic Petri nets based on a sound combination of
algebraic abstract types and high-level Petri nets. ECATNets have
'sound' and 'complete' semantics because of their integration in
rewriting logic [12] and its programming language Maude [13].
Rewriting logic is considered as one of very powerful logics in terms
of description, verification and programming of concurrent systems.
We proposed in [4] a method for translating Ada-95 tasking
programs to ECATNets formalism (Ada-ECATNet). In this paper,
we show that ECATNets formalism provides a more compact
translation for Ada programs compared to the other approaches based
on simple Petri nets or Colored Petri nets (CPNs). Such translation
doesn-t reduce only the size of program, but reduces also the number
of program states. We show also, how this compact Ada-ECATNet
may be reduced again by applying reduction rules on it. This double
reduction of Ada-ECATNet permits a considerable minimization of
the memory space and run time of corresponding Maude program.