LAYMOD; A Layered and Modular Platform for CAx Collaboration Management and Supporting Product data Integration based on STEP Standard
Nowadays companies strive to survive in a
competitive global environment. To speed up product
development/modifications, it is suggested to adopt a collaborative
product development approach. However, despite the advantages of
new IT improvements still many CAx systems work separately and
locally. Collaborative design and manufacture requires a product
information model that supports related CAx product data models. To
solve this problem many solutions are proposed, which the most
successful one is adopting the STEP standard as a product data model
to develop a collaborative CAx platform. However, the improvement
of the STEP-s Application Protocols (APs) over the time, huge
number of STEP AP-s and cc-s, the high costs of implementation,
costly process for conversion of older CAx software files to the STEP
neutral file format; and lack of STEP knowledge, that usually slows
down the implementation of the STEP standard in collaborative data
exchange, management and integration should be considered. In this
paper the requirements for a successful collaborative CAx system is
discussed. The STEP standard capability for product data integration
and its shortcomings as well as the dominant platforms for supporting
CAx collaboration management and product data integration are
reviewed. Finally a platform named LAYMOD to fulfil the
requirements of CAx collaborative environment and integrating the
product data is proposed. The platform is a layered platform to enable
global collaboration among different CAx software
packages/developers. It also adopts the STEP modular architecture
and the XML data structures to enable collaboration between CAx
software packages as well as overcoming the STEP standard
limitations. The architecture and procedures of LAYMOD platform
to manage collaboration and avoid contradicts in product data
integration are introduced.
[1] Wang, Jian Xun, et al., "Design and implementation of an agent-based
collaborative product design system", Computers in Industry, Vol. 6, pp.
520-53, 2009.
[2] He, Fazhi and Han, Soonhung , "A method and tool for human-human
interaction and instant collaboration in CSCW-based CAD", Computers
in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 740-751, 2006.
[3] Pratt, Michael J., Anderson, Bill D. and Rangerc, Tony , "Towards the
standardized exchange of parameterize feature-based CAD models",
Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 37, pp. 1251-1265, 2005.
[4] Muna, Duhwan, Hwangb, Jinsang and Hanb, Soonhung, "Protection of
intellectual property based on a skeleton model in product design
collaboration", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 41, pp. 641-648, 2009.
[5] Junior, Osiris Canciglieri, Favaretto, Fábio and Young, Robert I. M.,
"Information sharing using features technology to support multiple
viewpoint design for manufacture", Produto & Produção, Vol. 8, pp.
75-86, 2005.
[6] Kim, Kyoung-Yun, Yang, Hyungjeong and Kim, Dong-Won,
"Mereotopological assembly joint information representation for
collaborative product design", Robotics and Computer-Integrated
Manufacturing, Vol. 24, pp. 744- 754, 2008.
[7] Tolio, T., et al., "SPECIESÔÇöCo-evolution of products, processes and
production systems", CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol.
59, pp. 672-693, 2010.
[8] Burkett, William C, "Product data markup language: a new paradigm",
Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 33, pp. 489-500, 2001.
[9] Xiao, Song, et al., "Modeling framework for product lifecycle
information", Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, Vol. 18, pp.
1080-1091, 2010.
[10] Rouibah, Kamel and Ould-Ali, Samia, "Dynamic data sharing and
security in a collaborative product definition management system",
Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 23, pp. 217-
233, 2007.
[11] Zhao, Yaoyao F., Habeeb, Salah and Xu, Xun, "Research into integrated
design and manufacturing based on STEP", International Journal of
Advanced Manufacturing Technolgy, Vol. 44, pp. 606-624, 2009.
[12] Ray, S. R. and Jones, A. T, "Manufacturing interoperability", Journal of
Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 17, pp. 681-688, 2006.
[13] Ball, Alexander, Ding, Lian and Patel, Manjula, "An approach to
accessing product data across system and software revisions", Advanced
Engineering Informatics, Vol. 22, pp. 222-235, 2008.
[14] Ran─æelović, Sa┼ía and Živanović, Sa┼ía , " CAD - CAM data transfer as a
part of product life cycle", s.l. : FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Mechanical
Engineering, Vol. 5, pp. 87 -96, 2007.
[15] Gielingh, Wim , "An assessment of the current state of product data
technologies", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 40, pp. 750-759, 2008.
[16] Lee, Ghang, Eastman, Charles M. and Sacks, Rafael, "Eliciting
information for product modeling using process modeling", Data &
Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 62, pp. 292-307, 2007.
[17] Panchal, Jitesh H, et al., "An Adaptable Service-based Framework for
Distributed Product Realization", s.l. : Springer-Verlag London Limited
2007, 2007, Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing, Vols. ISSN
1860-5168, pp. 1-36. ISBN 978-1-84628-801-2 e-ISBN 978-1-84628-
802-9.
[18] Huifen, Wang, et al., "Feature-based collaborative design", Journal of
Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 139, pp. 613-618, 2003.
[19] Wang, Hui-Fen and Zhang, You-Liang, "CAD/CAM integrated system
in collaborative development environment", Robotics and Computer
Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 18, pp. 135-145, 2002.
[20] Mahesh, M., Ong, S. K. and Nee, A. Y. C., "A Web-based Framework
for Distributed and Collaborative Manufacturing", ISSN 1860-5168, s.l.
: Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007, 2007, Springer Series in
Advanced Manufacturing, pp. 137-150.
[21] Denkena, B., et al., "Knowledge Management in Process Planning",
Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 56, pp. 175-180, 2007.
[22] Zhou, Xionghui, et al., "A feasible approach to the integration of CAD
and CAPP", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 39, pp. 324-338, 2007.
[23] Liang, Wen-Yau and O-Grady, Peter, "Design with objects: an approach
to object-oriented design", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 30, pp. 943-
956, 1998.
[24] Zhao, W. and Liu, J.K., "OWL/SWRL representation methodology for
EXPRESS-driven product information model; Part I. Implementation
methodology", Computers in Industry, Vol. 59, pp. 580-589, 2008.
[25] Xu, X.W. and Newman, S.T , "Making CNC machine tools more open,
interoperable and intelligentÔÇöa review of the technologies", Computers
in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 141-152, 2006.
[26] Yoo, S.B. and Cha, S.K., "Integrity maintenance in a heterogeneous
engineering database environment", Data & Knowledge Engineering,
Vol. 21, pp. 347-363, 1997.
[27] Zha, Xuan F., "Integration of the STEP-based assembly model and
XML schema with the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) for
muti-agent based assembly evaluation", Journal of Intelligent
Manufacturing, Vol. 17, pp. 527-544, 2006.
[28] Batres, Rafael, et al., "An upper ontology based on ISO 15926",
Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 31, pp. 519-534, 2007.
[29] Valilai, O.F and Houshmand, Mahmoud, "INFELT STEP: An integrated
and interoperable platform for collaborative CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC
machining systems based on STEP standard", International Journal of
Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 23, pp. 1095 - 1117, 2010.
[30] Campos, Julio Garrido and Hardwick, Martin, "A traceability
information model for CNC manufacturing", Computer-Aided Design,
Vol. 38, pp. 540-551, 2006.
[31] Duigou, J. Le, et al., "Global approach for technical data management.
Application to ship equipment part families", CIRP Journal of
Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 1, pp. 185-190, 2009.
[32] Meht, Chandresh, Patil, Lalit and Dutta, Debasish, "STEP in the
Context of PLM", s.l. : Springer, Springer Series in Advanced
Manufacturing, pp. 383-398, 2007.
[33] Nassehi, A, Newman, S.T and Allen, R.D., "The application of multiagent
systems for STEP-NC computer aided process planning of
prismatic components", International Journal of Machine Tools &
Manufacture, Vol. 46, pp. 559-574, 2006.
[34] Xu, Xun. "Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design,
Manufacturing, and Numerical Control: Principles and
Implementations", Auckland : Yurchak Printing Inc, 2009. Copyright
2009, IGI Global, Hershey PA. Reprinted by permission of the
Publisher.. 978-1-59904-714-0 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-59904-716-4
(ebook).
[35] Ma, Y.-S., Chen, G. and Thimm, G., "Fine Grain Feature Associations
in Collaborative Design and Manufacturing - A Unified Approach",
[book auth.] Lihui Wang and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design
and Planning for Digital Manufacturing. london : Springer-Verlag
London Limited, 2009, pp. 71-79.
[36] Siller, H. R., et al.,"Managing Collaborative Process Planning
Activities through Extended Enterprise", [book auth.] Lihui Wang and
Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design and Planning for Digital
Manufacturing. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, pp.
153-185.
[37] Qiu, Xiaoli and Xu, Xun." Information Sharing in Digital
Manufacturing Based on STEP and XML", [book auth.] Lihui Wang
and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design and Planning for Digital
Manufacturing. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, pp.
293-316.
[38] Chryssolouris, G., et al. "Feature-based collaborative design A Shared
VE for Collaborative Product Development in Manufacturing
Enterprises", [book auth.] W.D. Li, et al. Collaborative product design
and manufacturing methodologies and applications. London : Springer-
Verlag London Limited, 2007, pp. 59-70.
[39] Kramer, Thomas and Xu, Xun. STEP in a Nutshell. [book auth.] Xun
Xu and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Advanced Design and Manufacturing Based
on STEP. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, p. 34.
[40] Newman, S.T., et al., "Strategic advantages of interoperability for global
manufacturing using CNC technology", Robotics and Computer-
Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 24, pp. 699- 708.
www.elsevier.com/locate/rcim. , 2008.
[41] Maropoulos, P.G. and Ceglarek, D., "Design verification and validation
in product lifecycle", CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol.
59, pp. 740-759, 2010.
[42] Jiao, Jianxin and Helander, Martin G., "Development of an electronic
configure-to-order platform for customized product development",
Computers in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 231-244, 2006.
[43] Paredes-Moreno, Antonio, Mart─▒'nez-Lo'pez, Francisco J. and
G.Schwartz, David, "A methodology for the semi-automatic creation of
data-driven detailed business ontologies", Information Systems, Vol. 35,
pp. 758-773, 2010.
[44] Xu, X W, et al., "STEP-compliant NC research: the search for
intelligent CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC integration", International Journal of
Production Research, Vol. 43, pp. 3703-3743, 2005.
[1] Wang, Jian Xun, et al., "Design and implementation of an agent-based
collaborative product design system", Computers in Industry, Vol. 6, pp.
520-53, 2009.
[2] He, Fazhi and Han, Soonhung , "A method and tool for human-human
interaction and instant collaboration in CSCW-based CAD", Computers
in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 740-751, 2006.
[3] Pratt, Michael J., Anderson, Bill D. and Rangerc, Tony , "Towards the
standardized exchange of parameterize feature-based CAD models",
Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 37, pp. 1251-1265, 2005.
[4] Muna, Duhwan, Hwangb, Jinsang and Hanb, Soonhung, "Protection of
intellectual property based on a skeleton model in product design
collaboration", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 41, pp. 641-648, 2009.
[5] Junior, Osiris Canciglieri, Favaretto, Fábio and Young, Robert I. M.,
"Information sharing using features technology to support multiple
viewpoint design for manufacture", Produto & Produção, Vol. 8, pp.
75-86, 2005.
[6] Kim, Kyoung-Yun, Yang, Hyungjeong and Kim, Dong-Won,
"Mereotopological assembly joint information representation for
collaborative product design", Robotics and Computer-Integrated
Manufacturing, Vol. 24, pp. 744- 754, 2008.
[7] Tolio, T., et al., "SPECIESÔÇöCo-evolution of products, processes and
production systems", CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol.
59, pp. 672-693, 2010.
[8] Burkett, William C, "Product data markup language: a new paradigm",
Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 33, pp. 489-500, 2001.
[9] Xiao, Song, et al., "Modeling framework for product lifecycle
information", Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, Vol. 18, pp.
1080-1091, 2010.
[10] Rouibah, Kamel and Ould-Ali, Samia, "Dynamic data sharing and
security in a collaborative product definition management system",
Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 23, pp. 217-
233, 2007.
[11] Zhao, Yaoyao F., Habeeb, Salah and Xu, Xun, "Research into integrated
design and manufacturing based on STEP", International Journal of
Advanced Manufacturing Technolgy, Vol. 44, pp. 606-624, 2009.
[12] Ray, S. R. and Jones, A. T, "Manufacturing interoperability", Journal of
Intelligent Manufacturing, Vol. 17, pp. 681-688, 2006.
[13] Ball, Alexander, Ding, Lian and Patel, Manjula, "An approach to
accessing product data across system and software revisions", Advanced
Engineering Informatics, Vol. 22, pp. 222-235, 2008.
[14] Ran─æelović, Sa┼ía and Živanović, Sa┼ía , " CAD - CAM data transfer as a
part of product life cycle", s.l. : FACTA UNIVERSITATIS, Mechanical
Engineering, Vol. 5, pp. 87 -96, 2007.
[15] Gielingh, Wim , "An assessment of the current state of product data
technologies", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 40, pp. 750-759, 2008.
[16] Lee, Ghang, Eastman, Charles M. and Sacks, Rafael, "Eliciting
information for product modeling using process modeling", Data &
Knowledge Engineering, Vol. 62, pp. 292-307, 2007.
[17] Panchal, Jitesh H, et al., "An Adaptable Service-based Framework for
Distributed Product Realization", s.l. : Springer-Verlag London Limited
2007, 2007, Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing, Vols. ISSN
1860-5168, pp. 1-36. ISBN 978-1-84628-801-2 e-ISBN 978-1-84628-
802-9.
[18] Huifen, Wang, et al., "Feature-based collaborative design", Journal of
Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 139, pp. 613-618, 2003.
[19] Wang, Hui-Fen and Zhang, You-Liang, "CAD/CAM integrated system
in collaborative development environment", Robotics and Computer
Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 18, pp. 135-145, 2002.
[20] Mahesh, M., Ong, S. K. and Nee, A. Y. C., "A Web-based Framework
for Distributed and Collaborative Manufacturing", ISSN 1860-5168, s.l.
: Springer-Verlag London Limited 2007, 2007, Springer Series in
Advanced Manufacturing, pp. 137-150.
[21] Denkena, B., et al., "Knowledge Management in Process Planning",
Annals of the CIRP, Vol. 56, pp. 175-180, 2007.
[22] Zhou, Xionghui, et al., "A feasible approach to the integration of CAD
and CAPP", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 39, pp. 324-338, 2007.
[23] Liang, Wen-Yau and O-Grady, Peter, "Design with objects: an approach
to object-oriented design", Computer-Aided Design, Vol. 30, pp. 943-
956, 1998.
[24] Zhao, W. and Liu, J.K., "OWL/SWRL representation methodology for
EXPRESS-driven product information model; Part I. Implementation
methodology", Computers in Industry, Vol. 59, pp. 580-589, 2008.
[25] Xu, X.W. and Newman, S.T , "Making CNC machine tools more open,
interoperable and intelligentÔÇöa review of the technologies", Computers
in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 141-152, 2006.
[26] Yoo, S.B. and Cha, S.K., "Integrity maintenance in a heterogeneous
engineering database environment", Data & Knowledge Engineering,
Vol. 21, pp. 347-363, 1997.
[27] Zha, Xuan F., "Integration of the STEP-based assembly model and
XML schema with the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) for
muti-agent based assembly evaluation", Journal of Intelligent
Manufacturing, Vol. 17, pp. 527-544, 2006.
[28] Batres, Rafael, et al., "An upper ontology based on ISO 15926",
Computers and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 31, pp. 519-534, 2007.
[29] Valilai, O.F and Houshmand, Mahmoud, "INFELT STEP: An integrated
and interoperable platform for collaborative CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC
machining systems based on STEP standard", International Journal of
Computer Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 23, pp. 1095 - 1117, 2010.
[30] Campos, Julio Garrido and Hardwick, Martin, "A traceability
information model for CNC manufacturing", Computer-Aided Design,
Vol. 38, pp. 540-551, 2006.
[31] Duigou, J. Le, et al., "Global approach for technical data management.
Application to ship equipment part families", CIRP Journal of
Manufacturing Science and Technology, Vol. 1, pp. 185-190, 2009.
[32] Meht, Chandresh, Patil, Lalit and Dutta, Debasish, "STEP in the
Context of PLM", s.l. : Springer, Springer Series in Advanced
Manufacturing, pp. 383-398, 2007.
[33] Nassehi, A, Newman, S.T and Allen, R.D., "The application of multiagent
systems for STEP-NC computer aided process planning of
prismatic components", International Journal of Machine Tools &
Manufacture, Vol. 46, pp. 559-574, 2006.
[34] Xu, Xun. "Integrating Advanced Computer-Aided Design,
Manufacturing, and Numerical Control: Principles and
Implementations", Auckland : Yurchak Printing Inc, 2009. Copyright
2009, IGI Global, Hershey PA. Reprinted by permission of the
Publisher.. 978-1-59904-714-0 (hardcover) -- ISBN 978-1-59904-716-4
(ebook).
[35] Ma, Y.-S., Chen, G. and Thimm, G., "Fine Grain Feature Associations
in Collaborative Design and Manufacturing - A Unified Approach",
[book auth.] Lihui Wang and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design
and Planning for Digital Manufacturing. london : Springer-Verlag
London Limited, 2009, pp. 71-79.
[36] Siller, H. R., et al.,"Managing Collaborative Process Planning
Activities through Extended Enterprise", [book auth.] Lihui Wang and
Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design and Planning for Digital
Manufacturing. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, pp.
153-185.
[37] Qiu, Xiaoli and Xu, Xun." Information Sharing in Digital
Manufacturing Based on STEP and XML", [book auth.] Lihui Wang
and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Collaborative Design and Planning for Digital
Manufacturing. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, pp.
293-316.
[38] Chryssolouris, G., et al. "Feature-based collaborative design A Shared
VE for Collaborative Product Development in Manufacturing
Enterprises", [book auth.] W.D. Li, et al. Collaborative product design
and manufacturing methodologies and applications. London : Springer-
Verlag London Limited, 2007, pp. 59-70.
[39] Kramer, Thomas and Xu, Xun. STEP in a Nutshell. [book auth.] Xun
Xu and Andrew Y.C. Nee. Advanced Design and Manufacturing Based
on STEP. London : Springer-Verlag London Limited, 2009, p. 34.
[40] Newman, S.T., et al., "Strategic advantages of interoperability for global
manufacturing using CNC technology", Robotics and Computer-
Integrated Manufacturing, Vol. 24, pp. 699- 708.
www.elsevier.com/locate/rcim. , 2008.
[41] Maropoulos, P.G. and Ceglarek, D., "Design verification and validation
in product lifecycle", CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology, Vol.
59, pp. 740-759, 2010.
[42] Jiao, Jianxin and Helander, Martin G., "Development of an electronic
configure-to-order platform for customized product development",
Computers in Industry, Vol. 57, pp. 231-244, 2006.
[43] Paredes-Moreno, Antonio, Mart─▒'nez-Lo'pez, Francisco J. and
G.Schwartz, David, "A methodology for the semi-automatic creation of
data-driven detailed business ontologies", Information Systems, Vol. 35,
pp. 758-773, 2010.
[44] Xu, X W, et al., "STEP-compliant NC research: the search for
intelligent CAD/CAPP/CAM/CNC integration", International Journal of
Production Research, Vol. 43, pp. 3703-3743, 2005.
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:62335", author = "Omid F. Valilai and Mahmoud Houshmand", title = "LAYMOD; A Layered and Modular Platform for CAx Collaboration Management and Supporting Product data Integration based on STEP Standard", abstract = "Nowadays companies strive to survive in a
competitive global environment. To speed up product
development/modifications, it is suggested to adopt a collaborative
product development approach. However, despite the advantages of
new IT improvements still many CAx systems work separately and
locally. Collaborative design and manufacture requires a product
information model that supports related CAx product data models. To
solve this problem many solutions are proposed, which the most
successful one is adopting the STEP standard as a product data model
to develop a collaborative CAx platform. However, the improvement
of the STEP-s Application Protocols (APs) over the time, huge
number of STEP AP-s and cc-s, the high costs of implementation,
costly process for conversion of older CAx software files to the STEP
neutral file format; and lack of STEP knowledge, that usually slows
down the implementation of the STEP standard in collaborative data
exchange, management and integration should be considered. In this
paper the requirements for a successful collaborative CAx system is
discussed. The STEP standard capability for product data integration
and its shortcomings as well as the dominant platforms for supporting
CAx collaboration management and product data integration are
reviewed. Finally a platform named LAYMOD to fulfil the
requirements of CAx collaborative environment and integrating the
product data is proposed. The platform is a layered platform to enable
global collaboration among different CAx software
packages/developers. It also adopts the STEP modular architecture
and the XML data structures to enable collaboration between CAx
software packages as well as overcoming the STEP standard
limitations. The architecture and procedures of LAYMOD platform
to manage collaboration and avoid contradicts in product data
integration are introduced.", keywords = "CAx, Collaboration management, STEP applicationmodules, STEP standard, XML data structures", volume = "5", number = "6", pages = "672-9", }
