Abstract: This paper presents an advance in monitoring and
process control of surface roughness in CNC machine for the turning
and milling processes. An integration of the in-process monitoring
and process control of the surface roughness is proposed and
developed during the machining process by using the cutting force
ratio. The previously developed surface roughness models for turning
and milling processes of the author are adopted to predict the inprocess
surface roughness, which consist of the cutting speed, the
feed rate, the tool nose radius, the depth of cut, the rake angle, and
the cutting force ratio. The cutting force ratios obtained from the
turning and the milling are utilized to estimate the in-process surface
roughness. The dynamometers are installed on the tool turret of CNC
turning machine and the table of 5-axis machining center to monitor
the cutting forces. The in-process control of the surface roughness
has been developed and proposed to control the predicted surface
roughness. It has been proved by the cutting tests that the proposed
integration system of the in-process monitoring and the process
control can be used to check the surface roughness during the cutting
by utilizing the cutting force ratio.
Abstract: This research aims to analyze the regenerative burner and the recuperative burner for the different reheating furnaces in the steel industry. The warm air temperatures of the burners are determined to suit with the sizes of the reheating furnaces by considering the air temperature, the fuel cost and the investment cost. The calculations of the payback period and the net present value are studied to compare the burners for the different reheating furnaces. The energy balance is utilized to calculate and compare the energy used in the different sizes of reheating furnaces for each burner. It is found that the warm air temperature is different if the sizes of reheating furnaces are varied. Based on the considerations of the net present value and the payback period, the regenerative burner is suitable for all plants at the same life of the burner. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of all factors has been discussed in this research.