Ductile Crack Growth in Surface Cracked Pressure Vessels
Pressure vessels are usually operating at temperatures
where the conditions of linear elastic fracture mechanics are no
longer met because massive plasticity precedes crack propagation. In
this work the development of a surface crack in a pressure vessel
subject to bending and tension under elastic-plastic fracture
mechanics conditions was investigated. Finite element analysis was
used to evaluate the hydrostatic stress, the J-integral and crack
growth for semi-elliptical surface-breaking cracks. The results
showed non-uniform stress triaxiality and crack driving force around
the crack front at large deformation levels. Different ductile crack
extensions were observed which emphasis the dependent of ductile
tearing on crack geometry and type of loading. In bending the crack
grew only beneath the surface, and growth was suppressed at the
deepest segment. This contrasts to tension where the crack breaks
through the thickness with uniform growth along the entire crack
front except at the free surface. Current investigations showed that
the crack growth developed under linear elastic fracture mechanics
conditions will no longer be applicable under ductile tearing
scenarios.
[1] W. Brocks, H. Krafka, G. Kunecke, and K. Wobst, "Ductile crack
growth of semi-elliptical surface flaws in pressure vessels,".
International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 43, pp. 301-
316, 1990.
[2] B. Bricksatd, and I. Sattari-Far, "Crack shape development for LBB
applications,". Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 67, pp. 625-646,
2000.
[3] L. Hodulak, H. Kordisch, S. Kunzelmann, and E. Sommer, "Influence of
the load level on the development of part-through cracks,". International
Journal of Fracture, vol. 14, 1978.
[4] J. C. JR. Newman, and I. S. Raju, "An empirical stress-intensity factor
equation for the surface crack," Engineering fracture mechanics, vol. 15,
pp. 185-192, 1981.
[5] A. Carpinteri, "Shape change of surface cracks in round bars under
cyclic axial loading,". International Journal of Fatigue, vol. 15, pp. 21-
26, 1993.
[6] X. B. Lin, and R. A. Smith, "Shape evolution of surface cracks in
fatigued round bars with a semicircular circumferential notch,".
International Journal of Fatigue, vol. 21, pp. 965-973, 1999.
[7] X. B. Lin, and R. A Smith, "Finite element modelling of fatigue crack
growth of surface cracked plates, Part II: Crack shape change,".
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 63, pp. 523-540, 1999.
[8] P. M. Scott, and T. W. Thorpe, "A critical review of crack tip stress
intensity factors for semi-elliptic cracks,". Fatigue of Engineering
Materials and Structures, vol. 4, pp. 291-309, 1981.
[9] Y. Chen, and S. Lambert, "Numerical modelling of ductile tearing for
semi-elliptical surface cracks in wide plates,". International Journal of
Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 82, pp. 417-426, 2005.
[10] O. Terfas, "The effect of stress biaxiality on crack shape development,".
Proceedings of WASET 2012 International conference on materials
science and engineering, August 22-23, 2012, Paris, France. 68, pp.
1644-1649.
[11] J. W. Hancock, W. G. Reuter, and D. M. Parks, "Constraint and
toughness parameterised by T". "Constraint effect in fracture". ASTM
STP 1171. Philadelphia, pp. 21-40, 1993.
[12] N. P. O-Dowd, and C. F. Shih, "Family of crack-tip fields characterised
by a triaxiality parameter-1". Structure of fields. Journal of Mechanics
and Physics of Solids, vol. 39, pp. 989-1015, 1991.
[13] N. P. O-Dowd, and C. F. Shih, "Family of crack-tip fields characterised
by a triaxiality parameter-2". Fracture applications. Journal of
Mechanics and Physics of Solids, vol. 40, pp. 939-963, 1992.
[14] X. Gao, J. Faleskog, C. F. Shih, and R. H. Dodds, "Ductile tearing in
part-through cracks: Experiments and cell-model predictions".
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 59, pp. 761-777, 1998.
[1] W. Brocks, H. Krafka, G. Kunecke, and K. Wobst, "Ductile crack
growth of semi-elliptical surface flaws in pressure vessels,".
International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 43, pp. 301-
316, 1990.
[2] B. Bricksatd, and I. Sattari-Far, "Crack shape development for LBB
applications,". Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 67, pp. 625-646,
2000.
[3] L. Hodulak, H. Kordisch, S. Kunzelmann, and E. Sommer, "Influence of
the load level on the development of part-through cracks,". International
Journal of Fracture, vol. 14, 1978.
[4] J. C. JR. Newman, and I. S. Raju, "An empirical stress-intensity factor
equation for the surface crack," Engineering fracture mechanics, vol. 15,
pp. 185-192, 1981.
[5] A. Carpinteri, "Shape change of surface cracks in round bars under
cyclic axial loading,". International Journal of Fatigue, vol. 15, pp. 21-
26, 1993.
[6] X. B. Lin, and R. A. Smith, "Shape evolution of surface cracks in
fatigued round bars with a semicircular circumferential notch,".
International Journal of Fatigue, vol. 21, pp. 965-973, 1999.
[7] X. B. Lin, and R. A Smith, "Finite element modelling of fatigue crack
growth of surface cracked plates, Part II: Crack shape change,".
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 63, pp. 523-540, 1999.
[8] P. M. Scott, and T. W. Thorpe, "A critical review of crack tip stress
intensity factors for semi-elliptic cracks,". Fatigue of Engineering
Materials and Structures, vol. 4, pp. 291-309, 1981.
[9] Y. Chen, and S. Lambert, "Numerical modelling of ductile tearing for
semi-elliptical surface cracks in wide plates,". International Journal of
Pressure Vessels and Piping, vol. 82, pp. 417-426, 2005.
[10] O. Terfas, "The effect of stress biaxiality on crack shape development,".
Proceedings of WASET 2012 International conference on materials
science and engineering, August 22-23, 2012, Paris, France. 68, pp.
1644-1649.
[11] J. W. Hancock, W. G. Reuter, and D. M. Parks, "Constraint and
toughness parameterised by T". "Constraint effect in fracture". ASTM
STP 1171. Philadelphia, pp. 21-40, 1993.
[12] N. P. O-Dowd, and C. F. Shih, "Family of crack-tip fields characterised
by a triaxiality parameter-1". Structure of fields. Journal of Mechanics
and Physics of Solids, vol. 39, pp. 989-1015, 1991.
[13] N. P. O-Dowd, and C. F. Shih, "Family of crack-tip fields characterised
by a triaxiality parameter-2". Fracture applications. Journal of
Mechanics and Physics of Solids, vol. 40, pp. 939-963, 1992.
[14] X. Gao, J. Faleskog, C. F. Shih, and R. H. Dodds, "Ductile tearing in
part-through cracks: Experiments and cell-model predictions".
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 59, pp. 761-777, 1998.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:59699", author = "Osama A. Terfas and Abdusalam A. Alaktiwi", title = "Ductile Crack Growth in Surface Cracked Pressure Vessels", abstract = "Pressure vessels are usually operating at temperatures
where the conditions of linear elastic fracture mechanics are no
longer met because massive plasticity precedes crack propagation. In
this work the development of a surface crack in a pressure vessel
subject to bending and tension under elastic-plastic fracture
mechanics conditions was investigated. Finite element analysis was
used to evaluate the hydrostatic stress, the J-integral and crack
growth for semi-elliptical surface-breaking cracks. The results
showed non-uniform stress triaxiality and crack driving force around
the crack front at large deformation levels. Different ductile crack
extensions were observed which emphasis the dependent of ductile
tearing on crack geometry and type of loading. In bending the crack
grew only beneath the surface, and growth was suppressed at the
deepest segment. This contrasts to tension where the crack breaks
through the thickness with uniform growth along the entire crack
front except at the free surface. Current investigations showed that
the crack growth developed under linear elastic fracture mechanics
conditions will no longer be applicable under ductile tearing
scenarios.", keywords = "Bending, ductile tearing, fracture toughness, stress
triaxiality, tension.", volume = "7", number = "1", pages = "87-7", }