Abstract: The paper contains an investigation of zeros Of Bargmann analytic representation. A brief introduction to Harmonic oscillator formalism is given. The Bargmann analytic representation has been studied. The zeros of Bargmann analytic function are considered. The Q or Husimi functions are introduced. The The Bargmann functions and the Husimi functions have the same zeros. The Bargmann functions f(z) have exactly q zeros. The evolution time of the zeros μn are discussed. Various examples have been given.
Abstract: The objective of this research was to determine the
potency of indigenous acid-aluminium tolerant Bradyrhizobium
japonicum as producer of indole acetic acid (IAA) and applied it as
nitrogen fixation on local soybeans viz Anjasmoro, Tanggamus
(yellow soybean seeds), and Detam (black soybean seed). Three
isolates of acid-aluminium tolerant Bradyrhizobium japonicum (BJ)
were used in this research, i.e. BJ 11 (wt), BJ 11 (19) - BJ 11(wt)
mutant, and USDA 110 as a reference isolate. All of isolates tested to
produce the IAA by using Salkowsky method. Effect of IAA
production by each of B. japonicum was tested on growth pouch and
greenhouse using three varieties of soybean. All isolates could grow
well and produce IAA on yeast mannitol broth (YMB) medium in
the presence of 0.5 mM L-tryptophan. BJ 11 (19) produced the
highest of IAA at 4 days incubation compared to BJ 11 (wt) and
USDA 110. All tested isolates of Bradyrhizobium japonicum have
showed effect on stimulating the formation of root nodules in
soybean varieties grown on Leonard bottle. The concentration of
IAA on root nodules of soybean symbiotic with B. japonicum was
significantly different with control, except on the treatment using
Tanggamus soybean.
Abstract: Today due to rising levels of housing- necessities,
several problems have been raised regarding to urban quality of life.
The aim of the research is to study social and spatial aspects of
housing environment and to find out their interaction with the urban
quality of life. As a case of study two pilot areas of Famagusta city in
North Cyprus, were selected: Baykal, considered as an established
urban district and Tuzla, a newly developed peri-urban district. In
order to determine urban quality of life in planning and developing of
housing areas, social and spatial aspects of selected areas have been
examined, differences between them according to the planning policy
have been pointed out, advantages and disadvantages of housing
planning have been found. As a practical implementation of the
research a number of households in each selected area have been
interviewed in order to draw a conclusion.
Abstract: A numerical investigation of the effects of nanosecond
barrier discharge on the stability of a two-dimensional free shear layer
is performed. The computations are carried out using a compressible
Navier-Stokes algorithm coupled with a thermodynamic model of the
discharge. The results show that significant increases in the shear
layer-s momentum thickness and Reynolds stresses occur due to
actuation. Dependence on both frequency and amplitude of actuation
are considered, and a comparison is made of the computed growth
rates with those predicted by linear stability theory. Amplitude and
frequency ranges for the efficient promotion of shear-layer instabilities
are identified.
Abstract: This article presents a numerical study of the doublediffusive
mixed convection in a vertical channel filled with porous
medium by using non-equilibrium model. The flow is assumed
fully developed, uni-directional and steady state. The controlling
parameters are thermal Rayleigh number (RaT ), Darcy number (Da),
Forchheimer number (F), buoyancy ratio (N), inter phase heat transfer
coefficient (H), and porosity scaled thermal conductivity ratio
(γ). The Brinkman-extended non-Darcy model is considered. The
governing equations are solved by spectral collocation method. The
main emphasize is given on flow profiles as well as heat and solute
transfer rates, when two diffusive components in terms of buoyancy
ratio are in favor (against) of each other and solid matrix and fluid
are thermally non-equilibrium. The results show that, for aiding flow
(RaT = 1000), the heat transfer rate of fluid (Nuf ) increases upto a
certain value of H, beyond that decreases smoothly and converges
to a constant, whereas in case of opposing flow (RaT = -1000),
the result is same for N = 0 and 1. The variation of Nuf in (N,
Nuf )-plane shows sinusoidal pattern for RaT = -1000. For both cases
(aiding and opposing) the flow destabilize on increasing N by inviting
point of inflection or flow separation on the velocity profile. Overall,
the buoyancy force have significant impact on the non-Darcy mixed
convection under LTNE conditions.
Abstract: The influence of extrusion parameters on surface
quality and properties of AA6061+x% vol. SiC (x = 0; 2,5; 5; 7,5;10)
composites was discussed in this paper. The averages size of
AA6061 and SiC particles were 10.6 μm and 0.42 μm, respectively.
Two series of composites (I - compacts were preheated at extrusion
temperature through 0.5 h and cooled by water directly after process;
II - compacts were preheated through 3 hours and were not cooled)
were consolidated via powder metallurgy processing and extruded by
KoBo method. High values of density for both series of composites
were achieved. Better surface quality was observed for II series of
composites. Moreover, for these composites lower (compared to I
series) but more uniform strength properties over the cross-section of
the bar were noticed. Microstructure and Young-s modulus
investigations were made.
Abstract: This paper intends to identify the ethnic Kazakhstani
Koreans- political process of identity formation by exploring their
narrative and practice about the state language represented in the
course of their becoming the new citizens of a new independent state.
The Russophone Kazakhstani Koreans- inability to speak the official
language of their affiliated state is considered there as dissatisfying the
basic requirement of citizens of the independent state, so that they are
becoming marginalized from the public sphere. Their contradictory
attitude that at once demonstrates nominal reception and practical
rejection of the obligatory state language unveils a high barrier inside
between their self-language and other-language. In this paper, the
ethnic Korean group-s conflicting linguistic identity is not seen as a
free and simple choice, but as a dynamic struggle and political process
in which the subject-s past experiences and memories intersect with
the external elements of pressure.
Abstract: Amazing development of the information technology,
communications and internet expansion as well as the requirements
of the city managers to new ideas to run the city and higher
participation of the citizens encourage us to complete the electronic
city as soon as possible. The foundations of this electronic city are in
information technology. People-s participation in metropolitan
management is a crucial topic. Information technology does not
impede this matter. It can ameliorate populace-s participation and
better interactions between the citizens and the city managers.
Citizens can proffer their ideas, beliefs and votes through digital
mass media based upon the internet and computerization plexuses on
the topical matters to receive appropriate replies and services. They
can participate in urban projects by becoming cognizant of the city
views. The most significant challenges are as follows: information
and communicative management, altering citizens- views, as well as
legal and office documents
Electronic city obstacles have been identified in this research. The
required data were forgathered through questionnaires to identify the
barriers from a statistical community comprising specialists and
practitioners of the ministry of information technology and
communication, the municipality information technology
organization.
The conclusions demonstrate that the prioritized electronic city
application barriers in Iran are as follows:
The support quandaries (non-financial ones), behavioral, cultural
and educational plights, the security, legal and license predicaments,
the hardware, orismological and infrastructural curbs, the software
and fiscal problems.
Abstract: To study on effect of PEG and NaCl stress on
germination and early seedling stages on two cultivar of corn, two
separated experiment were laid out at physiology laboratory, faculty
of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran in 2009. This
investigation was performed as factorial experiment under Complete
Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Cultivar factor
contains of two varieties (sweet corn SC403 and Flint corn SC704)
and five levels of stress (0, -2, -4, -6 and -8 bar). The principal aim of
current study was to compare the two varieties of maize in relative to
the stress conditions. Results indicated that significant decrease was
observed in percentage of germination, germination rate, length of
radicle and plumule and radicle and plumule dry matter. On the basis
of the results, NaCl as compared with PEG had more effect on
germination and early seedling stage and sweet corn had more
resistant than flint corn in both stress conditions.
Abstract: Malting is usually carried out on intact barley seed,
while hull is still attached to it. In this study, oat grain with and
without hull was subjected to controlled germination to optimize its
enzymes activity, in such a way that lipase has the lowest and α-
amylase and proteinase the highest activities. Since pH has a great
impact on the activity of the enzymes, the pH of germination media
was set up to 3 to 8. In dehulled oats, lipase and α-amylase had the
lowest and highest activities in pHs 3 and 6, respectively whereas the
highest proteinase activity was evidenced at pH 7 and 4 in the oats
with and without hull respectively. While measurements indicated
that the effect of hull on the enzyme activities particularly in lipase
and amylase at each level of the pH are significantly different, the
best results were obtained in those samples in which their hull had
been removed. However, since the similar lipase activity in
germinated dehulled oat were recorded at the pHs 4 and 5, therefore
it was concluded that pH 5 in dehulled oat seed may provide the
optimum enzyme activity for all the enzymes.
Abstract: Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules attached to surfaces have shown high potential as a protein repellent due to their flexibility and highly water solubility. A quartz crystal microbalance recording frequency and dissipation changes (QCM-D) has been used to study the adsorption from aqueous solutions, of lysozyme and α-lactalbumin proteins (the last with and without calcium) onto modified stainless steel surfaces. Surfaces were coated with poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) and silicate before grafting on PEG molecules. Protein adsorption was also performed on the bare stainless steel surface as a control. All adsorptions were conducted at 23°C and pH 7.2. The results showed that the presence of PEG molecules significantly reduced the adsorption of lysozyme and α- lactalbumin (with calcium) onto the stainless steel surface. By contrast, and unexpected, PEG molecules enhanced the adsorption of α-lactalbumin (without calcium). It is suggested that the PEG -α- lactalbumin hydrophobic interaction plays a dominant role which leads to protein aggregation at the surface for this latter observation. The findings also lead to the general conclusion that PEG molecules are not a universal protein repellent. PEG-on-PEI surfaces were better at inhibiting the adsorption of lysozyme and α-lactalbumin (with calcium) than with PEG-on-silicate surfaces.
Abstract: This paper deals with new concept of using compressed atmospheric air as a zero pollution power source for running motorbikes. The motorbike is equipped with an air turbine in place of an internal combustion engine, and transforms the energy of the compressed air into shaft work. The mathematical modeling and performance evaluation of a small capacity compressed air driven vaned type novel air turbine is presented in this paper. The effect of isobaric admission and adiabatic expansion of high pressure air for different rotor to casing diameter ratios with respect to different vane angles (number of vanes) have been considered and analyzed. It is found that the shaft work output is optimum for some typical values of rotor / casing diameter ratios at a particular value of vane angle (no. of vanes). In this study, the maximum power is obtained as 4.5kW - 5.3kW (5.5-6.25 HP) when casing diameter is taken 100 mm, and rotor to casing diameter ratios are kept from 0.65 to 0.55. This value of output is sufficient to run motorbike.
Abstract: In a liberalized electricity market, it is not surprising
that different customers require different power quality (PQ) levels at
different price. Power quality related to several power disturbances is
described by many parameters, so how to define a comprehensive
hierarchy evaluation system of power quality (PQCHES) has become
a concerned issue. In this paper, based on four electromagnetic
compatibility (EMC) levels, the numerical range of each power
disturbance is divided into five grades (Grade I –Grade V), and the
“barrel principle" of power quality is used for the assessment of
overall PQ performance with only one grade indicator. A case study
based on actual monitored data of PQ shows that the site PQ grade
indicates the electromagnetic environment level and also expresses the
characteristics of loads served by the site.
The shortest plank principle of PQ barrel is an incentive
mechanism, which can combine with the rewards/penalty mechanism
(RPM) of consumed energy “on quality demand", to stimulate utilities
to improve the overall PQ level and also stimulate end-user more
“smart" under the infrastructure of future SmartGrid..
Abstract: The ferroelectric behavior of barium strontium
titanate (BST) in thin film form has been investigated in order to
study the possibility of using BST for ferroelectric gate-field effect
transistor (FeFET) for memory devices application. BST thin films
have been fabricated as Al/BST/Pt/SiO2/Si-gate configuration. The
variation of the dielectric constant (ε) and tan δ with frequency have
been studied to ensure the dielectric quality of the material. The
results show that at low frequencies, ε increases as the Ba content
increases, whereas at high frequencies, it shows the opposite
variation, which is attributed to the dipole dynamics. tan δ shows low
values with a peak at the mid-frequency range. The ferroelectric
behavior of the Al/BST/Pt/SiO2/Si has been investigated using C-V
characteristics. The results show that the strength of the ferroelectric
hysteresis loop increases as the Ba content increases; this is attributed
to the grain size and dipole dynamics effect.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a novel metal oxide
semiconductor field effect transistor with L-shaped channel structure
(LMOS), and several type of L-shaped structures are also designed,
studied and compared with the conventional MOSFET device for the
same average gate length (Lavg). The proposed device electrical
characteristics are analyzed and evaluated by three dimension (3-D)
ISE-TCAD simulator. It can be confirmed that the LMOS devices
have higher on-state drain current and both lower drain-induced
barrier lowering (DIBL) and subthreshold swing (S.S.) than its
conventional counterpart has. In addition, the transconductance and
voltage gain properties of the LMOS are also improved.
Abstract: CONWIP (constant work-in-process) as a pull
production system have been widely studied by researchers to date.
The CONWIP pull production system is an alternative to pure push
and pure pull production systems. It lowers and controls inventory
levels which make the throughput better, reduces production lead
time, delivery reliability and utilization of work. In this article a
CONWIP pull production system was simulated. It was simulated
push and pull planning system. To compare these systems via a
production planning system (PPS) game were adjusted parameters of
each production planning system. The main target was to reduce the
total WIP and achieve throughput and delivery reliability to
minimum values. Data was recorded and evaluated. A future state
was made for real production of plastic components and the setup of
the two indicators with CONWIP pull production system which can
greatly help the company to be more competitive on the market.
Abstract: Fly ash is one of the residues generated in
combustion, and comprises the fine particles that rise with the flue
gases. Ash which does not rise is termed bottom ash [1]. In our
country, it is expected that will be occurred 50 million tons of waste
ash per year until 2020. Released waste from the thermal power
plants is caused very significant problems as known. The fly ashes
can be evaluated by using as adsorbent material.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of use of
Tuncbilek fly ash like low-cost adsorbents for heavy metal
adsorption. First of all, Tuncbilek fly ash was characterized. For this
purpose; analysis such as sieve analysis, XRD, XRF, SEM and FT-IR
were performed.
Abstract: In this study, the kinetics of osmotic dehydration of melons (Tille variety) in a ternary system followed by air-drying for preserving melons in the summer to be used in the winter were investigated. The effect of different osmotic solution concentrations 30, 40 and 50% (w/w) of sucrose with 10% NaCl salt and fruit to solution ratios 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 on the mass transfer kinetics during osmotic dehydration of melon in ternary solution namely sucrosesalt- water followed by air-drying were studied. The diffusivity of water during air-drying was enhanced after the fruit samples were immersed in the osmotic solution after 60 min. Samples non-treated and pre-treated during one hour in osmotic solutions with 60% (w/w) of sucrose with 10% NaCl salt and fruit to solution ratio of 1:4 were dried in a hot air-dryer at 60oC (2 m/s) until equilibrium was achieved.
Abstract: Hysitron TriboIndenterTM TI 950 system has been
used for studying the local viscoelastic properties of porcine
intervertebral disc end plate by means of nanoscale mechanical
dynamic analysis. The specimen of an endplate was cut from fresh
porcine vertebra dissected from 16 month animal. The lumbar spine
motion segments were dissected and 5 millimeter thick plates of
vertebral body, endplate and annulus fibrosus were prepared for
nanoindentation. The surface of the sample was kept in physiological
solution during nanoindentation experiment. We obtained mechanical
characteristics of different areas of native endplate (endplate middle
and vertebra and annulus fibrosus boundary).
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the
efficiency of a double-layer roof in collecting solar energy as an
application to the areas such as raising high-end temperature of
organic Rankine cycle (ORC). The by-product of the solar roof is to
reduce building air-conditioning loads. The experimental apparatus
are arranged to evaluate the effects of the solar roof in absorbing solar
energy. The flow channel is basically formed by an aluminum plate on
top of a plywood plate. The geometric configurations in which the
effects of absorbing energy is analyzed include: a bare uncovered
aluminum plate, a glass-covered aluminum plate, a
glass-covered/black-painted aluminum plate, a plate with variable
lengths, a flow channel with stuffed material (in an attempt on
enhancement of heat conduction), and a flow channel with variable
slanted angles. The experimental results show that the efficiency of
energy collection varies from 0.6 % to 11 % for the geometric
configurations mentioned above. An additional study is carried out
using CFD simulation to investigate the effects of fins on the
aluminum plate. It shows that due to vastly enhanced heat conduction,
the efficiency can reach ~23 % if 50 fins are installed on the aluminum
plate. The study shows that a double-layer roof can efficiently absorb
solar energy and substantially reduce building air-conditioning
loads. On the high end of an organic Rankine cycle, a solar pond is
used to replace the warm surface water of the sea as OTEC (ocean
thermal energy conversion) is the driving energy for the ORC. The
energy collected from the double-layered solar roof can be pumped
into the pond and raise the pond temperature as the pond surface area is
equivalently increased by nearly one-fourth of the total area of the
double-layer solar roof. The effect of raising solar pond temperature is
especially prominent if the double-layer solar roofs are installed in a
community area.