Abstract: Glaucoma diagnosis involves extracting three features
of the fundus image; optic cup, optic disc and vernacular. Present
manual diagnosis is expensive, tedious and time consuming. A
number of researches have been conducted to automate this process.
However, the variability between the diagnostic capability of an
automated system and ophthalmologist has yet to be established. This
paper discusses the efficiency and variability between
ophthalmologist opinion and digital technique; threshold. The
efficiency and variability measures are based on image quality
grading; poor, satisfactory or good. The images are separated into
four channels; gray, red, green and blue. A scientific investigation
was conducted on three ophthalmologists who graded the images
based on the image quality. The images are threshold using multithresholding
and graded as done by the ophthalmologist. A
comparison of grade from the ophthalmologist and threshold is made.
The results show there is a small variability between result of
ophthalmologists and digital threshold.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a chaotic cipher system consisting of Improved Volterra Filters and the mapping that is created from the actual voice by using Radial Basis Function Network. In order to achieve a practical system, the system supposes to use the digital communication line, such as the Internet, to maintain the parameter matching between the transmitter and receiver sides. Therefore, in order to withstand the attack from outside, it is necessary that complicate the internal state and improve the sensitivity coefficient. In this paper, we validate the robustness of proposed method from three perspectives of "Chaotic properties", "Randomness", "Coefficient sensitivity".
Abstract: This paper introduced the status quo of laws and
regulations of sustainable construction in China and investigated the
existing problems of current laws and regulations through
person-interviews in Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing and Shenzhen in
China. The problems include incomplete legal system, lack of
guidance of higher-level laws, backward in some laws and regulations,
unclear legal liability and poor law enforcement. Aimed at these
problems, this paper also put forward some improvement approaches,
such as filling the legal gap, revising laws and regulations, establishing
incentive system and keeping pace with level of development.
Abstract: In this paper, a modified CCCII is presented. We have used a current mirror with low supply voltage. This circuit is operated at low supply voltage of ±1V. Tspice simulations for TSMC 0.18μm CMOS Technology has shown that the current and voltage bandwidth are respectively 3.34GHz and 4.37GHz, and parasitic resistance at port X has a value of 169.320 for a control current of 120μA. In order to realize this circuit, we have implemented in this first step a universal current mode filter where the frequency can reach the 134.58MHz. In the second step, we have implemented two simulated inductors: one floating and the other grounded. These two inductors are operated in high frequency and variable depending on bias current I0. Finally, we have used the two last inductors respectively to implement two sinusoidal oscillators domains of frequencies respectively: [470MHz, 692MHz], and [358MHz, 572MHz] for bias currents I0 [80μA, 350μA].
Abstract: Despite the fact that B2c eCommerce has become
important in numerous economies, its adoption varies from country to
country. This paper aims to identify the factors affecting (enabling or
inhibiting) B2c eCommerce and to determine their quantitative
impact on the diffusion of online sales across countries. A dynamic
panel model analyzing the relationship between 13 factors
(Macroeconomic, Demographic, Socio-Cultural, Infrastructural and
Offer related) stemming from a complete literature analysis and the
B2c eCommerce value in 45 countries over 9 years has been
developed. Having a positive correlation coefficient, GDP, mobile
penetration, Internet user penetration and credit card penetration
resulted as enabling drivers of the B2c eCommerce value across
countries, whereas, having a negative correlation coefficient,equal
distribution of income and the development of traditional retailing
network act as inhibiting factors.
Abstract: In this paper we present a generic approach for the problem of the blind estimation of the parameters of linear and convolutional error correcting codes. In a non-cooperative context, an adversary has only access to the noised transmission he has intercepted. The intercepter has no knowledge about the parameters used by the legal users. So, before having acess to the information he has first to blindly estimate the parameters of the error correcting code of the communication. The presented approach has the main advantage that the problem of reconstruction of such codes can be expressed in a very simple way. This allows us to evaluate theorical bounds on the complexity of the reconstruction process but also bounds on the estimation rate. We show that some classical reconstruction techniques are optimal and also explain why some of them have theorical complexities greater than these experimentally observed.
Abstract: The development of competences and practical
capacities of students is getting an important incidence into the
guidelines of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA). The
methodology applied in this work is based on the education through
directed resolution of practical cases. All cases are related to
professional tasks that the students will have to develop in their
future career. The method is intended to form the necessary
competences of students of the Marine Engineering and Maritime
Transport Degree in the matter of “Physics".
The experience was applied in the course of 2011/2012. Students
were grouped, and a practical task was assigned to them, that should
be developed and solved within the team. The aim was to realize
students learning by three ways: their own knowledge, the
contribution of their teammates and the teacher's direction. The
results of the evaluation were compared with those obtained
previously by the traditional teaching method.
Abstract: In the last few years, three multivariate spectral
analysis techniques namely, Principal Component Analysis (PCA),
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) and Non-negative Matrix
Factorization (NMF) have emerged as effective tools for oscillation
detection and isolation. While the first method is used in determining
the number of oscillatory sources, the latter two methods
are used to identify source signatures by formulating the detection
problem as a source identification problem in the spectral domain.
In this paper, we present a critical drawback of the underlying linear
(mixing) model which strongly limits the ability of the associated
source separation methods to determine the number of sources
and/or identify the physical source signatures. It is shown that the
assumed mixing model is only valid if each unit of the process gives
equal weighting (all-pass filter) to all oscillatory components in its
inputs. This is in contrast to the fact that each unit, in general, acts
as a filter with non-uniform frequency response. Thus, the model
can only facilitate correct identification of a source with a single
frequency component, which is again unrealistic. To overcome
this deficiency, an iterative post-processing algorithm that correctly
identifies the physical source(s) is developed. An additional issue
with the existing methods is that they lack a procedure to pre-screen
non-oscillatory/noisy measurements which obscure the identification
of oscillatory sources. In this regard, a pre-screening procedure
is prescribed based on the notion of sparseness index to eliminate
the noisy and non-oscillatory measurements from the data set used
for analysis.
Abstract: Knowing the geometrical object pose of products in manufacturing line before robot manipulation is required and less time consuming for overall shape measurement. In order to perform it, the information of shape representation and matching of objects is become required. Objects are compared with its descriptor that conceptually subtracted from each other to form scalar metric. When the metric value is smaller, the object is considered closed to each other. Rotating the object from static pose in some direction introduce the change of value in scalar metric value of boundary information after feature extraction of related object. In this paper, a proposal method for indexing technique for retrieval of 3D geometrical models based on similarity between boundaries shapes in order to measure 3D CAD object pose using object shape feature matching for Computer Aided Testing (CAT) system in production line is proposed. In experimental results shows the effectiveness of proposed method.
Abstract: Knowledge of patterns of genetic diversity enhances
the efficiency of germplasm conservation and improvement. In this
study 96 Iranian landraces of Triticum turgidum originating from
different geographical areas of Iran, along with 18 durum cultivars
from ten countries were evaluated for variation in morphological and
high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) composition.
The first two principal components clearly separated the Iranian
landraces from cultivars. Three alleles were present at the Glu-A1
locus and 11 alleles at Glu-B1. In both cultivars and landraces of
durum wheat, the null allele (Glu-A1c) was observed more
frequently than the Glu-A1a and Glu-A1b alleles. Two alleles,
namely Glu-B1a (subunit 7) and Glu-B1e (subunit 20) represented
the more frequent alleles at Glu-B1 locus. The results showed that
the evaluated Iranian landraces formed an interesting source of
favourable glutenin subunits that might be very desirable in breeding
activities for improving pasta-making quality.
Abstract: Cloud Computing (CC) has become one of the most
talked about emerging technologies that provides powerful
computing and large storage environments through the use of the
Internet. Cloud computing provides different dynamically scalable
computing resources as a service. It brings economic benefits to
individuals and businesses that adopt the technology. In theory
adoption of cloud computing reduces capital and operational
expenditure on information technology. For this to be a reality there
is need to solve some challenges and at the same time addressing
concerns that consumers have about cloud computing. This paper
looks at Cloud Computing in general then highlights the challenges
of Cloud Computing and finally suggests solutions to some of the
challenges.
Abstract: To help the client to select a competent agent
construction enterprise (ACE), this study aims to investigate the
selection standards by using the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
(FAHP) and build an evaluation mathematical model with Grey
Relational Analysis (GRA). According to the outputs of literature
review, four orderly levels are established within the model, taking the
consideration of various agent construction models in practice. Then,
the process of applying FAHP and GRA is discussed in detailed.
Finally, through a case study, this paper illustrates how to apply these
methods in getting the weights of each standard and the final
assessment result.
Abstract: This paper deals with efficient quadrature formulas involving functions that are observed only at fixed sampling points. The approach that we develop is derived from efficient continuous quadrature formulas, such as Gauss-Legendre or Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature. We select nodes at sampling positions that are as close as possible to those of the associated classical quadrature and we update quadrature weights accordingly. We supply the theoretical quadrature error formula for this new approach. We show on examples the potential gain of this approach.
Abstract: Capacity and efficiency of any refrigerating system
diminish rapidly as the difference between the evaporating and
condensing temperature is increased by a reduction in the evaporator
temperature. The single stage vapour compression refrigeration
system using various refrigerants are limited to an evaporator
temperature of -40 0C. Below temperature of -40 0C the either
cascade refrigeration system or multi stage vapour compression
system is employed. Present work describes thermal design of
condenser (HTS), cascade condenser and evaporator (LTS) of
R404A-R508B and R410A-R23 cascade refrigeration system. Heat
transfer area of condenser, cascade condenser and evaporator for
both systems are compared and the effect of condenser and
evaporator temperature on heat-transfer area for both systems is
studied under same operating condition. The results shows that the
required heat-transfer area of condenser and cascade condenser for
R410A-R23 cascade system is lower than the R404A-R508B cascade
system but heat transfer area of evaporator is similar for both the
system. The heat transfer area of condenser and cascade condenser
decreases with increase in condenser temperature (Tc), whereas the
heat transfer area of cascade condenser and evaporator increases with
increase in evaporator temperature (Te).
Abstract: Stuck-pipe in drilling operations is one of the most
pressing and expensive problems in the oil industry. This paper
describes a computational simulation and an experimental study of
the hydrodynamic vibrator, which may be used for liquidation of
stuck-pipe problems during well drilling. The work principle of the
vibrator is based upon the known phenomena of Vortex Street of
Karman and the resulting generation of vibrations. We will discuss
the computational simulation and experimental investigations of
vibrations in this device. The frequency of the vibration parameters
has been measured as a function of the wide range Reynolds Number.
The validity of the computational simulation and of the assumptions
on which it is based has been proved experimentally. The
computational simulation of the vibrator work and its effectiveness
was carried out using FLUENT software. The research showed high
degree of congruence with the results of the laboratory tests and
allowed to determine the effect of the granular material features upon
the pipe vibration in the well. This study demonstrates the potential
of using the hydrodynamic vibrator in a well drilling system.
Abstract: The paper makes part from a complex research project
on Romanian Grey Steppe, a unique breed in terms of biological and
cultural-historical importance, on the verge of extinction and which
has been included in a preservation programme of genetic resources
from Romania. The study of genetic polymorphism of protean
fractions, especially kappa-casein, and the genotype relations of
these lactoproteins with some quantitative and qualitative features of
milk yield represents a current theme and a novelty for this breed. In
the estimation of the genetic parameters we used R.E.M.L.
(Restricted Maximum Likelihood) method.
The main lactoprotein from milk, kappa - casein (K-cz),
characterized in the specialized literature as a feature having a high
degree of hereditary transmission, behaves as such in the nucleus under
study, a value also confirmed by the heritability coefficient (h2 = 0.57
%). We must mention the medium values for milk and fat quantity
(h2=0.26, 0.29 %) and the fat and protein percentage from milk
having a high hereditary influence h2 = 0.71 - 0.63 %.
Correlations between kappa-casein and the milk quantity are
negative and strong. Between kappa-casein and other qualitative
features of milk (fat content 0.58-0.67 % and protein content 0.77-
0.87%), there are positive and very strong correlations. At the same
time, between kappa-casein and β casein (β-cz), β lactoglobulin (β-
lg) respectively, correlations are positive having high values (0.37 –
0.45 %), indicating the same causes and determining factors for the
two groups of features.
Abstract: In this paper, hybrid FDMA-TDMA access technique in a cooperative distributive fashion introducing and implementing a modified protocol introduced in [1] is analyzed termed as Power and Cooperation Diversity Gain Protocol (PCDGP). A wireless network consists of two users terminal , two relays and a destination terminal equipped with two antennas. The relays are operating in amplify-and-forward (AF) mode with a fixed gain. Two operating modes: cooperation-gain mode and powergain mode are exploited from source terminals to relays, as it is working in a best channel selection scheme. Vertical BLAST (Bell Laboratories Layered Space Time) or V-BLAST with minimum mean square error (MMSE) nulling is used at the relays to perfectly detect the joint signals from multiple source terminals. The performance is analyzed using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme and investigated over independent and identical (i.i.d) Rayleigh, Ricean-K and Nakagami-m fading environments. Subsequently, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide better signal quality of uplink users in a cooperative communication system using hybrid FDMATDMA technique.
Abstract: Musculoskeletal problems are common in high
performance dance population. This study attempts to identify lower
extremity muscle flexibility parameters prevailing among
bharatanatyam dancers and analyze if there is any significant
difference exist between normal and injured dancers in flexibility
parameters. Four hundred and one female dancers and 17 male
dancers were participated in this study. Flexibility parameters
(hamstring tightness, hip internal and external rotation and
tendoachilles in supine and sitting posture) were measured using
goniometer. Results of our study it is evident that injured female
bharathnatyam dancers had significantly (p < 0.05) high hamstring
tightness on left side lower extremity compared to normal female
dancers. The range of motion for left tendoachilles was significantly
(p < 0.05) high for the normal female group when compared to
injured dancers during supine lying posture. Majority of the injured
dancers had high hamstring tightness that could be a possible reason
for pain and MSDs.
Abstract: Biologically active peptides are of particular interest
in food science and human nutrition because they have been shown to play several physiological roles. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of lentil and whey proteins in this study produced high angiotensin-I converting enzyme inhibitory activity with 75.5±1.9 and 91.4±2.3%
inhibition, respectively. High ACE inhibitory activity was observed in lentil after 5 days of germination (84.3±1.2%). Fractionation by
reverse phase chromatography gave inhibitory activities as high as
86.3±2.0 for lentil, 94.8±1.8% for whey and 93.7±1.7% at 5th day of germination. Further purification by HPLC resulted in several
inhibitory peptides with IC50 values ranging from 0.064 to 0.164
mg/ml. These results demonstrate that lentil proteins are a good
source of peptides with ACE inhibitory activity that can be released by germination or gastrointestinal digestion. Despite the lower bioactivity in comparison with whey proteins, incorporation of lentil proteins in functional food formulations and natural drugs look promising.
Abstract: An original DEA model is to evaluate each DMU
optimistically, but the interval DEA Model proposed in this paper
has been formulated to obtain an efficiency interval consisting of
Evaluations from both the optimistic and the pessimistic view points.
DMUs are improved so that their lower bounds become so large as to
attain the maximum Value one. The points obtained by this method
are called ideal points. Ideal PPS is calculated by ideal of efficiency
DMUs. The purpose of this paper is to rank DMUs by this ideal PPS.
Finally we extend the efficiency interval of a DMU under variable
RTS technology.