Abstract: In this paper, it is aimed to improve autonomous flight
performance of a load-carrying (payload: 3 kg and total: 6kg)
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) through active wing and horizontal
tail active morphing and also integrated autopilot system parameters
(i.e. P, I, D gains) and UAV parameters (i.e. extension ratios of wing
and horizontal tail during flight) design. For this purpose, a loadcarrying
UAV (i.e. ZANKA-II) is manufactured in Erciyes
University, College of Aviation, Model Aircraft Laboratory is
benefited. Optimum values of UAV parameters and autopilot
parameters are obtained using a stochastic optimization method.
Using this approach autonomous flight performance of UAV is
substantially improved and also in some adverse weather conditions
an opportunity for safe flight is satisfied. Active morphing and
integrated design approach gives confidence, high performance and
easy-utility request of UAV users.
Abstract: The boundary layer separation and new active flow control of a NACA 0025 airfoil were studied experimentally. This new flow control is sometimes known as a co-flow jet (cfj) airfoil. This paper presents the fluctuating velocity in a wall jet over the co-flow jet airfoil subjected to an adverse pressure gradient and a curved surface. In these results, the fluctuating velocity at the inner part increasing by increased the angle of attack up to 12o and this has due to the jet energized, while the angle of attack 20o has different. The airfoil cord based Reynolds number has 105.
Abstract: A composite material with carbon fiber and polymer
matrix has been used as adherent for manufacturing adhesive joints.
In order to evaluate different fiber orientations on joint performance,
the adherents with the 0°, ±15°, ±30°, ±45° fiber orientations were
used in the single lap joint configuration. The joints with an overlap
length of 25 mm were prepared according to the ASTM 1002
specifications and subjected to tensile loadings. The structural
adhesive used was a two-part epoxy to be cured at 70°C for an hour.
First, mechanical behaviors of the adherents were measured using
three point bending test. In the test, considerations were given to
stress to failure and elastic modulus. The results were compared with
theoretical ones using rule of mixture. Then, the joints were
manufactured in a specially prepared jig, after a proper surface
preparation. Experimental results showed that the fiber orientations
of the adherents affected the joint performance considerably; the
joints with ±45° adherents experienced the worst shear strength, half
of those with 0° adherents, and in general, there was a great
relationship between the fiber orientations and failure mechanisms.
Delamination problems were observed for many joints, which were
thought to be due to peel effects at the ends of the overlap. It was
proved that the surface preparation applied to the adherent surface
was adequate. For further explanation of the results, a numerical
work should be carried out using a possible non-linear analysis.
Abstract: Smart metering and demand response are gaining
ground in industrial and residential applications. Smart Appliances
have been given concern towards achieving Smart home. The success
of Smart grid development relies on the successful implementation of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in power sector.
Smart Appliances have been the technology under development and
many new contributions to its realization have been reported in the
last few years. The role of ICT here is to capture data in real time,
thereby allowing bi-directional flow of information/data between
producing and utilization point; that lead a way for the attainment of
Smart appliances where home appliances can communicate between
themselves and provide a self-control (switch on and off) using the
signal (information) obtained from the grid. This paper depicts the
background on ICT for smart appliances paying a particular attention
to the current technology and identifying the future ICT trends for
load monitoring through which smart appliances can be achieved to
facilitate an efficient smart home system which promote demand
response program. This paper grouped and reviewed the recent
contributions, in order to establish the current state of the art and
trends of the technology, so that the reader can be provided with a
comprehensive and insightful review of where ICT for smart
appliances stands and is heading to. The paper also presents a brief
overview of communication types, and then narrowed the discussion
to the load monitoring (Non-intrusive Appliances Load Monitoring
‘NALM’). Finally, some future trends and challenges in the further
development of the ICT framework are discussed to motivate future
contributions that address open problems and explore new
possibilities.
Abstract: The very well-known stacked sets of numbers referred
to as Pascal’s triangle present the coefficients of the binomial
expansion of the form (x+y)n. This paper presents an approach (the
Staircase Horizontal Vertical, SHV-method) to the generalization of
planar Pascal’s triangle for polynomial expansion of the form
(x+y+z+w+r+⋯)n. The presented generalization of Pascal’s triangle
is different from other generalizations of Pascal’s triangles given in
the literature. The coefficients of the generalized Pascal’s triangles,
presented in this work, are generated by inspection, using embedded
Pascal’s triangles. The coefficients of I-variables expansion are
generated by horizontally laying out the Pascal’s elements of (I-1)
variables expansion, in a staircase manner, and multiplying them with
the relevant columns of vertically laid out classical Pascal’s elements,
hence avoiding factorial calculations for generating the coefficients
of the polynomial expansion. Furthermore, the classical Pascal’s
triangle has some pattern built into it regarding its odd and even
numbers. Such pattern is known as the Sierpinski’s triangle. In this
study, a presentation of Sierpinski-like patterns of the generalized
Pascal’s triangles is given. Applications related to those coefficients
of the binomial expansion (Pascal’s triangle), or polynomial
expansion (generalized Pascal’s triangles) can be in areas of
combinatorics, and probabilities.
Abstract: The recent instability in economy was found to be
influencing the situation in Malaysia whether directly or indirectly.
Taking that into consideration, the government needs to find the best
approach to balance its citizen’s socio-economic strata level urgently.
Through education platform is among the efforts planned and acted
upon for the purpose of balancing the effects of the influence,
through the exposure of social entrepreneurial activity towards youth
especially those in higher institution level. Armed with knowledge
and skills that they gained, with the support by entrepreneurial
culture and environment while in campus; indirectly, the students will
lean more on making social entrepreneurship as a career option when
they graduate. Following the issues of marketability and workability
of current graduates that are becoming dire, research involving how
far the willingness of student to create social innovation that
contribute to the society without focusing solely on personal gain is
relevant enough to be conducted. With that, this research is
conducted with the purpose of identifying the level of entrepreneurial
intention and social entrepreneurship among higher institution
students in Malaysia. Stratified random sampling involves 355
undergraduate students from five public universities had been made
as research respondents and data were collected through surveys. The
data was then analyzed descriptively using min score and standard
deviation. The study found that the entrepreneurial intention of higher
education students are on moderate level, however it is the contrary
for social entrepreneurship activities, where it was shown on a high
level. This means that while the students only have moderate level of
willingness to be a social entrepreneur, they are very committed to
created social innovation through the social entrepreneurship
activities conducted. The implication from this study can be
contributed towards the higher institution authorities in prediction the
tendency of student in becoming social entrepreneurs. Thus, the
opportunities and facilities for realizing the courses related to social
entrepreneurship must be created expansively so that the vision of
creating as many social entrepreneurs as possible can be achieved.
Abstract: A university-wide survey to obtain baseline data
regarding the perceptions of key terms related to e-learning and
distance learning among students, faculty and staff was conducted to
help achieve the goals of Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman
University’s and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s National Center for
e-learning and Distance Learning. This paper comprises a relevant
literature review, the survey methodology, preliminary data analysis,
discussion, and recommendations for further research. The major
findings indicate a deep and wide differentiation of understanding
among users of critical key terms.
Abstract: The maintenance of work rolls in hot strip processing
has been lengthy and difficult tasks for hot strip manufacturer
because heavy work rolls have to be taken out of the production line,
which could take hours. One way to increase the time between
maintenance is to improve the effectiveness of the work roll cooling
system such that the wear and tear more slowly occurs, while the
operation cost is kept low. Therefore, this study aims to improve the
work roll cooling system by providing the manufacturer the
relationship between the work-roll temperature reduced by cooling
and the water flow that can help manufacturer determining the more
effective water flow of the cooling system. The relationship is found
using simulation with a systematic process adjustment so that the
satisfying quality of product is achieved. Results suggest that the
manufacturer could reduce the water flow by 9% with roughly the
same performance. With the same process adjustment, the feasibility
of finishing-mill-stand reduction is also investigated. Results suggest
its possibility.
Abstract: The present paper examines the impact noise
transmission through some floor building assemblies. The Acoubat
software numerical simulation has been used to simulate the impact
noise transmission through different floor configurations used in
Algerian construction mode. The results are compared with the
available measurements. We have developed two experimental
methods, i) field method, and ii) laboratory method using Brüel and
Kjær equipments. The results show that the different cases of floor
configurations need some improvement to ensure the acoustic
comfort in the receiving apartment. The recommended value of the
impact sound level in the receiving room should not exceed 58 dB.
The important results obtained in this paper can be used as platform
to improve the Algerian building acoustic regulation aimed at the
construction of the multi-storey residential building.
Abstract: This paper presents the design and analysis of Liquid Crystal (LC) based tunable reflectarray antenna with slot embedded patch element configurations within X-band frequency range. The slots are shown to modify the surface current distribution on the patch element of reflectarray which causes the resonant patch element to provide different resonant frequencies depending on the slot dimensions. The simulated results are supported and verified by waveguide scattering parameter measurements of different reflectarray unit cells. Different rectangular slots on patch element have been fabricated and a change in resonant frequency from 10.46GHz to 8.78GHz has been demonstrated as the width of the rectangular slot is varied from 0.2W to 0.6W. The rectangular slot in the center of the patch element has also been utilized for the frequency tunable reflectarray antenna design based on K-15 Nematic LC. For the active reflectarray antenna design, a frequency tunability of 1.2% from 10GHz to 9.88GHz has been demonstrated with a dynamic phase range of 103° provided by the measured scattering parameter results. Time consumed by liquid crystals for reconfiguration, which is one of the drawback of LC based design, has also been disused in this paper.
Abstract: Cloud computing can reduce the start-up expenses of implementing EHR (Electronic Health Records). However, many of the healthcare institutions are yet to implement cloud computing due to the associated privacy and security issues. In this paper, we analyze the challenges and opportunities of implementing cloud computing in healthcare. We also analyze data of over 5000 US hospitals that use Telemedicine applications. This analysis helps to understand the importance of smart phones over the desktop systems in different departments of the healthcare institutions. The wide usage of smartphones and cloud computing allows ubiquitous and affordable access to the health data by authorized persons, including patients and doctors. Cloud computing will prove to be beneficial to a majority of the departments in healthcare. Through this analysis, we attempt to understand the different healthcare departments that may benefit significantly from the implementation of cloud computing.
Abstract: Wireless sensors, also known as wireless sensor nodes,
have been making a significant impact on human daily life. The
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Network
(WSN) are two complementary technologies; hence, an integrated
implementation of these technologies expands the overall
functionality in obtaining long-range and real-time information on the
location and properties of objects and people. An approach for
integrating ZigBee and RFID networks is proposed in this paper, to
create an energy-efficient network improved by the benefits of
combining ZigBee and RFID architecture. Furthermore, the
compatibility and requirements of the ZigBee device and
communication links in the typical RFID system which is presented
with the real world experiment on the capabilities of the proposed
RFID system.
Abstract: The UK has had its fair share of the shale gas
revolutionary waves blowing across the global oil and gas industry at
present. Although, its exploitation is widely agreed to have been
delayed, shale gas was looked upon favorably by the UK Parliament
when they recognized it as genuine energy source and granted
licenses to industry to search and extract the resource. This, although
a significant progress by industry, there yet remains another test the
UK fracking resource must pass in order to render shale gas
extraction feasible – it must be economically extractible and
sustainably so. Developing unconventional resources is much more
expensive and risky, and for shale gas wells, producing in
commercial volumes is conditional upon drilling horizontal wells and
hydraulic fracturing, techniques which increase CAPEX. Meanwhile,
investment in shale gas development projects is sensitive to gas price
and technical and geological risks. Using a Two-Factor Model, the
economics of the Bowland shale wells were analyzed and the
operational conditions under which fracking is profitable in the UK
was characterized. We find that there is a great degree of flexibility
about Opex spending; hence Opex does not pose much threat to the
fracking industry in the UK. However, we discover Bowland shale
gas wells fail to add value at gas price of $8/ Mmbtu. A minimum gas
price of $12/Mmbtu at Opex of no more than $2/ Mcf and no more
than $14.95M Capex are required to create value within the present
petroleum tax regime, in the UK fracking industry.
Abstract: Growth and remodeling of biological structures have
gained lots of attention over the past decades. Determining the
response of living tissues to mechanical loads is necessary for a wide
range of developing fields such as prosthetics design or computerassisted
surgical interventions. It is a well-known fact that biological
structures are never stress-free, even when externally unloaded. The
exact origin of these residual stresses is not clear, but theoretically,
growth is one of the main sources. Extracting body organ’s shapes
from medical imaging does not produce any information regarding
the existing residual stresses in that organ. The simplest cause of such
stresses is gravity since an organ grows under its influence from
birth. Ignoring such residual stresses might cause erroneous results in
numerical simulations. Accounting for residual stresses due to tissue
growth can improve the accuracy of mechanical analysis results. This
paper presents an original computational framework based on gradual
growth to determine the residual stresses due to growth. To illustrate
the method, we apply it to a finite element model of a healthy human
face reconstructed from medical images. The distribution of residual
stress in facial tissues is computed, which can overcome the effect of
gravity and maintain tissues firmness. Our assumption is that tissue
wrinkles caused by aging could be a consequence of decreasing
residual stress and thus not counteracting gravity. Taking into
account these stresses seems therefore extremely important in
maxillofacial surgery. It would indeed help surgeons to estimate
tissues changes after surgery.
Abstract: Intellectual capital is one of the most valuable and
important parts of the intangible assets of enterprises especially in
knowledge-based enterprises. With respect to increasing gap between
the market value and the book value of the companies, intellectual
capital is one of the components that can be placed in this gap. This
paper uses the value added efficiency of the three components,
capital employed, human capital and structural capital, to measure the
intellectual capital efficiency of Iranian industries groups, listed in
the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), using a 8 years period data set
from 2005 to 2012. In order to analyze the effect of intellectual
capital on the market-to-book value ratio of the companies, the data
set was divided into 10 industries, Banking, Pharmaceutical, Metals
& Mineral Nonmetallic, Food, Computer, Building, Investments,
Chemical, Cement and Automotive, and the panel data method was
applied to estimating pooled OLS. The results exhibited that value
added of capital employed has a positive significant relation with
increasing market value in the industries, Banking, Metals & Mineral
Nonmetallic, Food, Computer, Chemical and Cement, and also,
showed that value added efficiency of structural capital has a positive
significant relation with increasing market value in the Banking,
Pharmaceutical and Computer industries groups. The results of the
value added showed a negative relation with the Banking and
Pharmaceutical industries groups and a positive relation with
computer and Automotive industries groups. Among the studied
industries, computer industry has placed the widest gap between the
market value and book value in its intellectual capital.
Abstract: This paper investigates the thermo-electric effects
around the crack and notch tips under the electric current load. The
research methods include the finite element analysis and thermal
imaging experiment. The finite element solutions show that the electric
current density field concentrates at the crack tip. Due to the Joule
heating, this electric concentration causes the hot spot at the tip zone.
From numerical and experimental results, this hot spot is identified.
The temperature of the hot spot is affected by the electric load,
operation time and geometry of the sample.
Abstract: In this paper, a method has been developed to
construct the membership surfaces of row and column vectors and
arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix. A matrix with imprecise
elements would be called an imprecise matrix. The membership
surface of imprecise vector has been already shown based on
Randomness-Impreciseness Consistency Principle. The Randomness-
Impreciseness Consistency Principle leads to defining a normal law
of impreciseness using two different laws of randomness. In this
paper, the author has shown row and column membership surfaces
and arithmetic operations of imprecise matrix and demonstrated with
the help of numerical example.
Abstract: Pain management is a question of quality of life and
an indicator for nursing quality. Chronic pain which is predominant
in oncology and palliative nursing situations is perceived today as a
multifactorial, individual emotional experience with specific
characteristics including the sociocultural dimension when dealing
with migrant patients. This dimension of chronic pain is of major
importance in professional nursing of migrant patients in hospices or
palliative care units. Objectives of the study are: 1. To find out more
about the sociocultural views on pain and nursing care, on customs
and nursing practices connected with pain of both Turkish Muslim
and German Christian women, 2. To improve individual and family
oriented nursing practice with view to sociocultural needs of patients
in severe pain in palliative care. In a qualitative-explorative comparative study 4 groups of women,
Turkish Muslims immigrants (4 from the first generation, 5 from the
second generation) and German Christian women of two generations
(5 of each age group) of the same age groups as the Turkish women
and with similar educational backgrounds were interviewed (semistructured
ethnographic interviews using Spradley, 1979) on their
perceptions and experiences of pain and nursing care within their
families. For both target groups the presentation will demonstrate the
following results in detail: Utterance of pain as well as “private” and
“public” pain vary within different societies and cultures. Permitted
forms of pain utterance are learned in childhood and determine
attitudes and expectations in adulthood. Language, especially when
metaphors and symbols are used, plays a major role for
misunderstandings. The sociocultural context of illness may include
specific beliefs that are important to the patients and yet seem more
than far-fetched from a biomedical perspective. Pain can be an
influential factor in family relationships where respect or hierarchies
do not allow the direct utterance of individual needs. Specific
resources are often, although not exclusively, linked to religious
convictions and are significantly helpful in reducing pain. The discussion will evaluate the results of the study with view to
the relevant literature and present nursing interventions and
instruments beyond medication that are helpful when dealing with
patients from various socio-cultural backgrounds in painful end-oflife
situations.
Abstract: This research involved the use of word distributions
and morphological knowledge by speakers of Arabic learning English
connected different allomorphs in order to realize how the
morphology and syntax of English gives meaning through using
interactive crossword puzzles (ICP). Fifteen chapters covered with a
class of nine learners over an academic year of an intensive English
program were reviewed using the ICP. Learners were questioned
about how the use of this gaming element enhanced and motivated
their learning of English. The findings were positive indicating a
successful implementation of ICP both at creational and user levels.
This indicated a positive role technology had when learning and
teaching English through adopting an interactive gaming element for
learning English.
Abstract: Dan C. Lortie’s Schoolteacher: A sociological study is
one of the best works on the sociology of teaching since W. Waller’s
classic study. It is a book worthy of review. Following the tradition of
symbolic interactionists, Lortie demonstrated the qualities who studied
the occupation of teaching. Using several methods to gather effective
data, Lortie has portrayed the ethos of the teaching profession.
Therefore, the work is an important book on the teaching profession
and teacher culture. Though outstanding, Lortie’s work is also flawed
in that his perspectives and methodology were adopted largely from
symbolic interactionism. First, Lortie in his work analyzed many
points regarding teacher culture; for example, he was interested in
exploring “sentiment,” “cathexis,” and “ethos.” Thus, he was more a
psychologist than a sociologist. Second, symbolic interactionism led
him to discern the teacher culture from a micro view, thereby missing
the structural aspects. For example, he did not fully discuss the issue of
gender and he ignored the issue of race. Finally, following the
qualitative sociological tradition, Lortie employed many qualitative
methods to gather data but only foucused on obtaining and presenting
interview data. Moreover, he used measurement methods that were too
simplistic for analyzing quantitative data fully.