Outer-Brace Stress Concentration Factors of Offshore Two-Planar Tubular DKT-Joints

In the present paper, a set of parametric FE stress analyses is carried out for two-planar welded tubular DKT-joints under two different axial load cases. Analysis results are used to present general remarks on the effect of geometrical parameters on the stress concentration factors (SCFs) at the inner saddle, outer saddle, toe, and heel positions on the main (outer) brace. Then a new set of SCF parametric equations is developed through nonlinear regression analysis for the fatigue design of two-planar DKT-joints. An assessment study of these equations is conducted against the experimental data; and the satisfaction of the criteria regarding the acceptance of parametric equations is checked. Significant effort has been devoted by researchers to the study of SCFs in various uniplanar tubular connections. Nevertheless, for multi-planar joints covering the majority of practical applications, very few investigations have been reported due to the complexity and high cost involved.




References:
[1] M. Efthymiou and S. Durkin, "Stress concentrations in T/Y and
gap/overlap K-joints," in Proc. Behavior of Offshore Structures, Delft,
1985, pp. 429-440.
[2] M. Efthymiou, "Development of SCF formulae and generalized
influence functions for use in fatigue analysis," in Proc. OTJ 88, Surrey,
1988.
[3] UK Health and Safety Executive, "OTH 354: Stress concentration
factors for simple tubular joints- assessment of existing and development
of new parametric formulae," Prepared by Lloyd-s Register of Shipping,
1997.
[4] F. Gao, Y. B. Shao, and W. M. Gho, "Stress and strain concentration
factors of completely overlapped tubular joints under lap brace IPB
load," J. Constr. Steel Res., vol. 63, pp. 305-316, 2007.
[5] E. Chang and W. D. Dover, "Parametric equations to predict stress
distributions along the intersection of tubular X and DT-joints," Int. J.
Fatigue, vol. 21, pp. 619-635, 1999.
[6] Y. B. Shao, "Proposed equations of stress concentration factor (SCF) for
gap tubular K-joints subjected to bending load," Int. J. Space Struct.,
vol. 19, pp. 137-147, 2004.
[7] H. Ahmadi and M. A. Lotfollahi-Yaghin, "Geometrical effect on the
stress distribution along the weld toe for tubular KT-joints under
balanced axial loading," in Proc. 8th International Conference on Coasts,
Ports and Marine Structures (ICOPMAS), Tehran, 2008.
[8] Y. B. Shao, Z. F. Du, and S. T. Lie, "Prediction of hot spot stress
distribution for tubular K-joints under basic loadings," J. Constr. Steel
Res., vol. 65, pp. 2011-2026, 2009.
[9] M. A. Lotfollahi-Yaghin and H. Ahmadi, "Effect of geometrical
parameters on SCF distribution along the weld toe of tubular KT-joints
under balanced axial loads," Int. J. Fatigue, vol. 32, pp. 703-719, 2010.
[10] S. A. Karamanos, A. Romeijn, and J. Wardenier, "Stress concentrations
in multi-planar welded CHS XX-connections," J. Constr. Steel Res., vol.
50, pp. 259-282, 1999.
[11] S. P. Chiew, C. K. Soh, T. C. Fung, and A. K. Soh, "Numerical study of
multiplanar tubular DX-joints subject to axial loads," Comput. Struct.,
vol. 72, pp. 746-761, 1999.
[12] S. P. Chiew, C. K. Soh, and N. W. Wu, "General SCF design equations
for steel multiplanar tubular XX-joints," Int. J. Fatigue, vol. 22, pp.
283-293, 2000.
[13] A. M. Wingerde, J. A. Packer, and J. Wardenier, "Simplified SCF
formulae and graphs for CHS and RHS K- and KK-connections," J.
Constr. Steel Res., vol. 57, pp. 221-252, 2001.
[14] S. A. Karamanos, A. Romeijn, and J. Wardenier, "SCF equations in
multi-planar welded tubular DT-joints including bending effects," Mar.
Struct., vol. 15, pp. 157-173, 2002.
[15] C. O. Woghiren and F. P. Brennan, "Weld toe stress concentrations in
multi planar stiffened tubular KK Joints," Int. J. Fatigue, vol. 31, pp.
164-172, 2009.
[16] UK Health and Safety Executive, "OTH 91 353: Stress concentration
factors for tubular complex joints" Prepared by Lloyd-s Register of
Shipping, 1992.
[17] Swanson Analysis Systems Inc., ANSYS user-s manual, 2007.
[18] American Welding Society (AWS), "Structural welding code, AWS D
1.1:2002," Miami FL (USA): American Welding Society Inc., 2002.
[19] P. Smedley and P. Fisher, "Stress concentration factors for simple
tubular joints," in Proc. Int. Offshore and Polar Eng. Conf. (ISOPE),
Edinburgh, 1991.
[20] M. R. Morgan and M. M. K. Lee, "Prediction of stress concentrations
and degrees of bending in axially loaded tubular K-joints," J. Constr.
Steel Res., vol. 45, pp. 67-97, 1997.
[21] A. N-Diaye, S. Hariri, G. Pluvinage, and Z. Azari, "Stress concentration
factor analysis for notched welded tubular T-joints," Int. J. Fatigue, vol.
29, pp. 1554-1570, 2007.
[22] IIW-XV-E, "Recommended fatigue design procedure for welded hollow
section joints", IIW Docs., XV-1035-99/XIII-1804-99, International
Institute of Welding, France, 1999.
[23] UK Department of Energy, "Background notes to the fatigue guidance
of offshore tubular joints," London (UK): HMSO, 1983.
[24] Bomel Consulting Engineers, "Assessment of SCF equations using
Shell/KSEPL finite element data," C5970R02.01 REV C, 1994.