Numerical Evaluation of the Contribution of Inertial and Aerodynamic Forces on VAWT Blade Loading
A two-dimensional numerical simulation of the contribution
of both inertial and aerodynamic forces on the blade loads of
a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is presented. After describing
the computational model and the relative validation procedure, a
complete campaign of simulations - based on full RANS unsteady
calculations - is proposed for a three-bladed rotor architecture characterized
by a NACA 0021 airfoil. For each analyzed angular velocity,
the combined effect of pressure and viscous forces acting on every
rotor blade are compared to the corresponding centrifugal forces,
due to the revolution of the turbine, thus achieving a preliminary
estimation of the correlation between overall rotor efficiency and
structural blade loads.
[1] European Wind Energy Association, EU energy policy after 2020,
www.ewea.org, 2011.
[2] M. Raciti Castelli, E. Benini, "Effect of blade inclination angle on a
Darrieus wind turbine", Journal of turbomachinery, Vol. 134, May 2012,
031016-1-10.
[3] S. J. Kooiman, S. W. Tullis, "Responce of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
to Time Varying Wind Conditions found within the Urban Environment",
Wind Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2010.
[4] I. Paraschivoiu, O. Trifu, F. Saeed, "H-Darrieus Wind Turbine with Blade
Pitch Control", International Journal or Rotating Machinery, Vol. 2009
(2009), ID 505343.
[5] M. Dunquette, K. Visser, "Numerical Implications of Solidity and Blade
Number on Rotor Performance of Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines",
Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 125(4), pp. 425-432, November
2003.
[6] K. McLaren, S. Tullis, S. Ziada, "CFD Simulation of Dynamic Thrust and
Radial Forces on a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade", The 15th Annual
Conference of the CFD Society of Canada, Toronto, Canada, 2007.
[7] K. McLaren, S. Tullis, S. Ziada, "Vibrational response behavior of a high
solidity, low rotational velocity, vertical axis wind turbine", Proceeding of
ASME 2010 3rd joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting
and 8th International Conference on Nanochannel, Microchannels and
Minichannels, Montreal, Canada, August 2-4, 2010.
[8] S. Ferreira, H. Gijl, G. van Bussel, G. van Kuik, "Simulating dynamic
stall in a 2D VAWT: modeling strategy, verification and validation with
particle image velocimetry data", The Science of making torque from
wind. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 75, 2007.
[9] Fluent Inc., Fluent Users Manual,pp. 193-194, 2006.
[10] R. M. Cummings, J. R. Forsythe, S. A. Morton, K. D. Squires,
"Computational challenges in high angle of attack flow prediction", Prog
Aerospace Sci, 2003.
[11] M. Raciti Castelli, G. Ardizzon, L. Battisti, E. Benini, G. Pavesi, "Modeling
strategy and numerical validation for a darrieus vertical axis microwind
turbine", Proceeding of ASME 2010 International Mechanichal
Engineering ongress & Exposition IMECE2010, Vancouver, Canada,
November 12-18, 2010.
[12] M. McMullen, A. Jameson, J. J. Alonso, "Acceleration of convergence
to a periodic steady state in turbomachinery flows", Proceeding of the
39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, January 8-11, 2001,
Reno, NV.
[1] European Wind Energy Association, EU energy policy after 2020,
www.ewea.org, 2011.
[2] M. Raciti Castelli, E. Benini, "Effect of blade inclination angle on a
Darrieus wind turbine", Journal of turbomachinery, Vol. 134, May 2012,
031016-1-10.
[3] S. J. Kooiman, S. W. Tullis, "Responce of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
to Time Varying Wind Conditions found within the Urban Environment",
Wind Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2010.
[4] I. Paraschivoiu, O. Trifu, F. Saeed, "H-Darrieus Wind Turbine with Blade
Pitch Control", International Journal or Rotating Machinery, Vol. 2009
(2009), ID 505343.
[5] M. Dunquette, K. Visser, "Numerical Implications of Solidity and Blade
Number on Rotor Performance of Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbines",
Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, 125(4), pp. 425-432, November
2003.
[6] K. McLaren, S. Tullis, S. Ziada, "CFD Simulation of Dynamic Thrust and
Radial Forces on a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Blade", The 15th Annual
Conference of the CFD Society of Canada, Toronto, Canada, 2007.
[7] K. McLaren, S. Tullis, S. Ziada, "Vibrational response behavior of a high
solidity, low rotational velocity, vertical axis wind turbine", Proceeding of
ASME 2010 3rd joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting
and 8th International Conference on Nanochannel, Microchannels and
Minichannels, Montreal, Canada, August 2-4, 2010.
[8] S. Ferreira, H. Gijl, G. van Bussel, G. van Kuik, "Simulating dynamic
stall in a 2D VAWT: modeling strategy, verification and validation with
particle image velocimetry data", The Science of making torque from
wind. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 75, 2007.
[9] Fluent Inc., Fluent Users Manual,pp. 193-194, 2006.
[10] R. M. Cummings, J. R. Forsythe, S. A. Morton, K. D. Squires,
"Computational challenges in high angle of attack flow prediction", Prog
Aerospace Sci, 2003.
[11] M. Raciti Castelli, G. Ardizzon, L. Battisti, E. Benini, G. Pavesi, "Modeling
strategy and numerical validation for a darrieus vertical axis microwind
turbine", Proceeding of ASME 2010 International Mechanichal
Engineering ongress & Exposition IMECE2010, Vancouver, Canada,
November 12-18, 2010.
[12] M. McMullen, A. Jameson, J. J. Alonso, "Acceleration of convergence
to a periodic steady state in turbomachinery flows", Proceeding of the
39th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit, January 8-11, 2001,
Reno, NV.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:50764", author = "Marco Raciti Castelli and Stefano De Betta and Ernesto Benini", title = "Numerical Evaluation of the Contribution of Inertial and Aerodynamic Forces on VAWT Blade Loading", abstract = "A two-dimensional numerical simulation of the contribution
of both inertial and aerodynamic forces on the blade loads of
a Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) is presented. After describing
the computational model and the relative validation procedure, a
complete campaign of simulations - based on full RANS unsteady
calculations - is proposed for a three-bladed rotor architecture characterized
by a NACA 0021 airfoil. For each analyzed angular velocity,
the combined effect of pressure and viscous forces acting on every
rotor blade are compared to the corresponding centrifugal forces,
due to the revolution of the turbine, thus achieving a preliminary
estimation of the correlation between overall rotor efficiency and
structural blade loads.", keywords = "CFD, VAWT, NACA 0021, aerodynamic forces, inertial loadings.", volume = "7", number = "6", pages = "996-6", }
