Abstract: QoS Routing aims to find paths between senders and
receivers satisfying the QoS requirements of the application which
efficiently using the network resources and underlying routing
algorithm to be able to find low-cost paths that satisfy given QoS
constraints. The problem of finding least-cost routing is known to be
NP hard or complete and some algorithms have been proposed to
find a near optimal solution. But these heuristics or algorithms either
impose relationships among the link metrics to reduce the complexity
of the problem which may limit the general applicability of the
heuristic, or are too costly in terms of execution time to be applicable
to large networks. In this paper, we analyzed two algorithms namely
Characterized Delay Constrained Routing (CDCR) and Optimized
Delay Constrained Routing (ODCR). The CDCR algorithm dealt an
approach for delay constrained routing that captures the trade-off
between cost minimization and risk level regarding the delay
constraint. The ODCR which uses an adaptive path weight function
together with an additional constraint imposed on the path cost, to
restrict search space and hence ODCR finds near optimal solution in
much quicker time.
Abstract: Small signal stability causes small perturbations in the
generator that can cause instability in the power network. It is
generally known that small signal stability are directly related to the
generator and load properties. This paper examines the effects of
generator input variations on power system oscillations for a small
signal stability study. Eigenvaules and eigenvectors are used to
examine the stability of the power system. The dynamic power
system's mathematical model is constructed and thus calculated using
load flow and small signal stability toolbox on MATLAB. The power
system model is based on a 3-machine 9-bus system that was
modified to suit this study. In this paper, Participation Factors are a
means to gauge the effects of variation in generation with other
parameters on the network are also incorporated.
Abstract: The mixing behaviors of dry and wet granular
materials in gas fluidized bed systems were investigated
computationally using the combined Computational Fluid Dynamics
and Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM). Dry particles were
observed to mix fairly rapidly during the fluidization process due to
vigorous relative motions between particles induced by the flow of
gas. In contrast, due to the presence of strong cohesive forces arising
from capillary liquid bridges between wet particles, the mixing
efficiencies of wet granular materials under similar operating
conditions were observed to be reduced significantly.
Abstract: In this paper we present a novel design of a wearable
electronic textile. After defining a special application, we used the
specifications of some low power, tiny elements including sensors,
microcontrollers, transceivers, and a fault tolerant special topology to
have the most reliability as well as low power consumption and
longer lifetime. We have considered two different conditions as
normal and bodily critical conditions and set priorities for using
different sensors in various conditions to have a longer effective
lifetime.
Abstract: In this paper we introduce a new class of mg-continuous mapping and studied some of its basic properties.We obtain some characterizations of such functions. Moreover we define sub minimal structure and further study certain properties of mg-closed sets.
Abstract: This paper presents the approach to design the Auto-
Tuning PID controller for interactive Water Level Process using
integral step response. The Integral Step Response (ISR) is the
method to model a dynamic process which can be done easily,
conveniently and very efficiently. Therefore this method is advantage
for design the auto tune PID controller. Our scheme uses the root
locus technique to design PID controller. In this paper MATLAB is
used for modeling and testing of the control system. The
experimental results of the interacting water level process can be
satisfyingly illustrated the transient response and the steady state
response.
Abstract: Software testability is proposed to address the problem of increasing cost of test and the quality of software. Testability measure provides a quantified way to denote the testability of software. Since 1990s, many testability measure models are proposed to address the problem. By discussing the contradiction between domain testability and domain range ratio (DRR), a new testability measure, semantic fault distance, is proposed. Its validity is discussed.
Abstract: In this paper optimization of routing in ad-hoc
networks is surveyed and a new method for reducing the complexity
of routing algorithms is suggested. Using binary matrices for each
node in the network and updating it once the routing is done, helps
nodes to stop repeating the routing protocols in each data transfer.
The algorithm suggested can reduce the complexity of routing to the
least amount possible.
Abstract: In this paper, a fractional-order FIR differentiator
design method using the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is
presented. In the proposed method, the FIR digital filter is designed to
meet the frequency response of a desired fractal-order differentiator,
which is evaluated in the frequency domain. To verify the design
performance, another design method considered in the time-domain is
also provided. Simulation results reveal the efficiency of the proposed
method.
Abstract: This paper proposes an architectural and graphical
user interface (GUI) design of a traditional Thai musical instrument
application for tablet computers for practicing “Ranaad Ek" which is
a trough-resonated keyboard percussion instrument. The application
provides percussion methods for a player as real as a physical
instrument. The application consists of two playing modes. The first
mode is free playing, a player can freely multi touches on wooden bar
to produce instrument sounds. The second mode is practicing mode
that guilds the player to follow percussions and rhythms of practice
songs. The application has achieved requirements and specifications.
Abstract: In this paper, the use of beam search and look-ahead strategies for solving the strip packing problem (SPP) is investigated. Given a strip of fixed width W, unlimited length L, and a set of n circular pieces of known radii, the objective is to determine the minimum length of the initial strip that packs all the pieces. An augmented algorithm which combines beam search and a look-ahead strategies is proposed. The look-ahead is used in order to evaluate the nodes at each level of the tree search. The best nodes are then retained for branching. The computational investigation showed that the proposed augmented algorithm is able to improve the best known solutions of the literature on most instances used.
Abstract: In this paper we present a novel approach for wavelet compression of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals based on the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) coding algorithm. SPIHT algorithm has achieved prominent success in image compression. Here we use a modified version of SPIHT for one dimensional signals. We applied wavelet transform with SPIHT coding algorithm on different records of MIT-BIH database. The results show the high efficiency of this method in ECG compression.
Abstract: Due to the call of global warming effects, city planners aim at actions for reducing carbon emission. One of the approaches is to promote the usage of public transportation system toward the transit-oriented-development. For example, rapid transit system in Taipei city and Kaohsiung city are opening. However, until November 2008 the average daily patronage counted only 113,774 passengers at Kaohsiung MRT systems, much less than which was expected. Now the crucial questions: how the public transport competes with private transport? And more importantly, what factors would enhance the use of public transport? To give the answers to those questions, our study first applied regression to analyze the factors attracting people to use public transport around cities in the world. It is shown in our study that the number of MRT stations, city population, cost of living, transit fare, density, gasoline price, and scooter being a major mode of transport are the major factors. Subsequently, our study identified successful and unsuccessful cities in regard of the public transport usage based on the diagnosis of regression residuals. Finally, by comparing transportation strategies adopted by those successful cities, our conclusion stated that Kaohsiung City could apply strategies such as increasing parking fees, reducing parking spaces in downtown area, and reducing transfer time by providing more bus services and public bikes to promote the usage of public transport.
Abstract: This article examines the nature and structure of ecological education of biology specialists in Kazakhstan. Also characterizes the ecological education in high school and specific features in training of biology specialists.
Abstract: Bacterial magnetic nanoparticles have great useful potential in biotechnological and biomedical applications. In this study, a liquid growth medium was modified for cultivation a fastidious magnetotactic bacterium that has been isolated from Anzali
lagoon, Iran in our previous research. These modifications include
change in vitamin, mineral, carbon sources and etcetera. In our
experience, the serum bottles and designed air-tight laboratory bottles
were used to create microaerobic conditions in order to development
of a method for scale-up experiment. This information may serve as a
guide to green chemistry based biological protocols for the synthesis
of magnetic nanoparticles with control over the chemical
composition, morphology and size.
Abstract: Internet is largely composed of textual contents and a
huge volume of digital contents gets floated over the Internet daily.
The ease of information sharing and re-production has made it
difficult to preserve author-s copyright. Digital watermarking came
up as a solution for copyright protection of plain text problem after
1993. In this paper, we propose a zero text watermarking algorithm
based on occurrence frequency of non-vowel ASCII characters and
words for copyright protection of plain text. The embedding
algorithm makes use of frequency non-vowel ASCII characters and
words to generate a specialized author key. The extraction algorithm
uses this key to extract watermark, hence identify the original
copyright owner. Experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of
the proposed algorithm on text encountering meaning preserving
attacks performed by five independent attackers.
Abstract: This paper presents a studyof the impact of reference
node locations on the accuracy of the indoor positioning systems. In
particular, we analyze the localization accuracy of the RSSI database
mapping techniques, deploying on the IEEE 802.15.4 wireless
networks. The results show that the locations of the reference nodes
used in the positioning systems affect the signal propagation
characteristics in the service area. Thisin turn affects the accuracy of the wireless indoor positioning system. We found that suitable
location of reference nodes could reduce the positioning error upto 35 %.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to discuss a low-cost methodology that can predict traffic flow conflicts and quantitatively rank crash expectancies (based on relative probability) for various traffic facilities. This paper focuses on the application of statistical distributions to model traffic flow and Monte Carlo techniques to simulate traffic and discusses how to create a tool in order to predict the possibility of a traffic crash. A low-cost data collection methodology has been discussed for the heterogeneous traffic flow that exists and a GIS platform has been proposed to thematically represent traffic flow from simulations and the probability of a crash. Furthermore, discussions have been made to reflect the dynamism of the model in reference to its adaptability, adequacy, economy, and efficiency to ensure adoption.
Abstract: One part of the total employee-s reward is apart from basic wages or salary, employee-s benefits and intangible elements also so called contingent (variable) pay. Contingent pay is connected to performance, contribution, capcompetency or skills of individual employees, and to team-s or company-wide performance or to combination of few of the mentioned possibilities. Main aim of this article is to define, based on available information, contingent pay, describe reasons for its implementation and arguments for and against this type of remuneration, but also bring information not only about its extent and level of utilization by organizations of the Czech Republic operating in the field of environmental protection, but also mention their practical experience with this type of remuneration.
Abstract: In this research, a latent class vector model for pairwise data is formulated. As compared to the basic vector model, this model yields consistent estimates of the parameters since the number of parameters to be estimated does not increase with the number of subjects. The result of the analysis reveals that the model was stable and could classify each subject to the latent classes representing the typical scales used by these subjects.