Feasibility Study on Designing a Flat Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) to Recover the Heat from Exhaust of a Gas Turbine
A theoretical study is conducted to design and explore
the effect of different parameters such as heat loads, the tube size of
piping system, wick thickness, porosity and hole size on the
performance and capability of a Loop Heat Pipe(LHP). This paper
presents a steady state model that describes the different phenomena
inside a LHP. Loop Heat Pipes(LHPs) are two-phase heat transfer
devices with capillary pumping of a working fluid. By their original
design comparing with heat pipes and special properties of the
capillary structure, they-re capable of transferring heat efficiency for
distances up to several meters at any orientation in the gravity field,
or to several meters in a horizontal position. This theoretical model is
described by different relations to satisfy important limits such as
capillary and nucleate boiling. An algorithm is developed to predict
the size of the LHP satisfying the limitations mentioned above for a
wide range of applied loads. Finally, to assess and evaluate the
algorithm and all the relations considered, we have used to design a
new kind of LHP to recover the heat from the exhaust of an actual
Gas Turbine. By finding the results, it showed that we can use the
LHP as a very high efficient device to recover the heat even in high
amount of loads(exhaust of a gas turbine). The sizes of all parts of the
LHP were obtained using the developed algorithm.
[1] M. Hamdan, F. M. Gerner, H. T. Henderson, "Steady State Model of a
Loop Heat Pipe(LHP) with Coherent Porous Silicon(CPS) Wick in the
Evaporator", Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 35, (2003).
[2] Yu.F. Maydanik, "Loop heat pipes", Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural
Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Amundsen St.
106,Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia, Applied Thermal Engineering 25
(2005) 635-657.
[3] Faghri. A "Heat pipe science & Technology", Taylor and Francis
publication (1984).
[4] Po-Ya Abdel Chuang,(2003), "An Improved steady state model of Loop
Heat Pipes based on Experimental and Theoretical Analysis", PHD
Thesis, Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department, The
Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania.
[5] G. Van Wylen, R. Sonntag, C. Borgnakke, "Fundamentals of Classical
Thermodynamics", 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, INC., New York,
(1998).
[6] M. Ebrahimi, "Hand Book of Thermodynamic Tables", Koleyni Pub.,
Tehran, May (1985).
[7] D. Butler, T. Hoang, "The enhanced capillary pumped loop flight
experiment: a prototype of the EOS platform thermal control system",
AIAA Paper 91-1377, in: Proceedings of the 26th AIAA Thermophysics
Conference, Honolulu, 1991.
[8] J. Ku, L. Ottenstein, D. Butler, "Performance of CAPL 2 flight
experiment", SAE Paper 961432, in: Proceedings of the 26th
International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA,
1996.
[9] T. O-Connell, T. Hoang, J. Ku, "Investigation of power turn down
transients in CAPL-1 flight experiment", AIAA Paper 95-2067, in:
Proceedings of the 30th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, San Diego,
CA, 1995.
[10] A.M. Kiper, T.D. Swanson, R. McIntosh, "Exploratory study of
temperature oscillations related to transient operation of a capillary
pumped loop heat pipe", in: Proceedings of the ASME National Heat
Transfer Conference, Houston, 1988, pp. 353-359.
[11] K.R. Kolos, K.E. Herold, "Low frequency temperature and fluid
oscillations in capillary pumped loops", AIAA Paper 97-3872, in:
Proceedings of National Heat Transfer Conference, Baltimore, MD,
1997.
[12] V.Ya. Sasin, A.I. Zelenov, V.G. Zuev, E.Yu. Kotlyarov, "Mathematical
Model of a Capillary Loop Heat Pipe with a Condenser-radiator", SAE
Paper No. 901276, 1990.
[13] W.B. Bienert, D.A. Wolf. "Temperature control with loop heat pipes:
analytical model and test results, in: Proceedings of the Ninth
International Heat Pipe Conference (IHPC)", Albuquerque, NM, USA,
1995.
[14] T.T. Kaya and T.T. Hoang, "Mathematical modeling of loop heat pipes
and experimental validation", Journal of Thermophysics and Heat
Transfer 13 (3) (1999), pp. 314-320.
[1] M. Hamdan, F. M. Gerner, H. T. Henderson, "Steady State Model of a
Loop Heat Pipe(LHP) with Coherent Porous Silicon(CPS) Wick in the
Evaporator", Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 35, (2003).
[2] Yu.F. Maydanik, "Loop heat pipes", Institute of Thermal Physics, Ural
Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Amundsen St.
106,Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia, Applied Thermal Engineering 25
(2005) 635-657.
[3] Faghri. A "Heat pipe science & Technology", Taylor and Francis
publication (1984).
[4] Po-Ya Abdel Chuang,(2003), "An Improved steady state model of Loop
Heat Pipes based on Experimental and Theoretical Analysis", PHD
Thesis, Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department, The
Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania.
[5] G. Van Wylen, R. Sonntag, C. Borgnakke, "Fundamentals of Classical
Thermodynamics", 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, INC., New York,
(1998).
[6] M. Ebrahimi, "Hand Book of Thermodynamic Tables", Koleyni Pub.,
Tehran, May (1985).
[7] D. Butler, T. Hoang, "The enhanced capillary pumped loop flight
experiment: a prototype of the EOS platform thermal control system",
AIAA Paper 91-1377, in: Proceedings of the 26th AIAA Thermophysics
Conference, Honolulu, 1991.
[8] J. Ku, L. Ottenstein, D. Butler, "Performance of CAPL 2 flight
experiment", SAE Paper 961432, in: Proceedings of the 26th
International Conference on Environmental Systems, Monterey, CA,
1996.
[9] T. O-Connell, T. Hoang, J. Ku, "Investigation of power turn down
transients in CAPL-1 flight experiment", AIAA Paper 95-2067, in:
Proceedings of the 30th AIAA Thermophysics Conference, San Diego,
CA, 1995.
[10] A.M. Kiper, T.D. Swanson, R. McIntosh, "Exploratory study of
temperature oscillations related to transient operation of a capillary
pumped loop heat pipe", in: Proceedings of the ASME National Heat
Transfer Conference, Houston, 1988, pp. 353-359.
[11] K.R. Kolos, K.E. Herold, "Low frequency temperature and fluid
oscillations in capillary pumped loops", AIAA Paper 97-3872, in:
Proceedings of National Heat Transfer Conference, Baltimore, MD,
1997.
[12] V.Ya. Sasin, A.I. Zelenov, V.G. Zuev, E.Yu. Kotlyarov, "Mathematical
Model of a Capillary Loop Heat Pipe with a Condenser-radiator", SAE
Paper No. 901276, 1990.
[13] W.B. Bienert, D.A. Wolf. "Temperature control with loop heat pipes:
analytical model and test results, in: Proceedings of the Ninth
International Heat Pipe Conference (IHPC)", Albuquerque, NM, USA,
1995.
[14] T.T. Kaya and T.T. Hoang, "Mathematical modeling of loop heat pipes
and experimental validation", Journal of Thermophysics and Heat
Transfer 13 (3) (1999), pp. 314-320.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:63094", author = "M.H.Ghaffari", title = "Feasibility Study on Designing a Flat Loop Heat Pipe (LHP) to Recover the Heat from Exhaust of a Gas Turbine", abstract = "A theoretical study is conducted to design and explore
the effect of different parameters such as heat loads, the tube size of
piping system, wick thickness, porosity and hole size on the
performance and capability of a Loop Heat Pipe(LHP). This paper
presents a steady state model that describes the different phenomena
inside a LHP. Loop Heat Pipes(LHPs) are two-phase heat transfer
devices with capillary pumping of a working fluid. By their original
design comparing with heat pipes and special properties of the
capillary structure, they-re capable of transferring heat efficiency for
distances up to several meters at any orientation in the gravity field,
or to several meters in a horizontal position. This theoretical model is
described by different relations to satisfy important limits such as
capillary and nucleate boiling. An algorithm is developed to predict
the size of the LHP satisfying the limitations mentioned above for a
wide range of applied loads. Finally, to assess and evaluate the
algorithm and all the relations considered, we have used to design a
new kind of LHP to recover the heat from the exhaust of an actual
Gas Turbine. By finding the results, it showed that we can use the
LHP as a very high efficient device to recover the heat even in high
amount of loads(exhaust of a gas turbine). The sizes of all parts of the
LHP were obtained using the developed algorithm.", keywords = "Loop Heat Pipe, Head Load, Liquid-Vapor Interface,
Heat Transfer, Design Algorithm", volume = "5", number = "12", pages = "2694-4", }