Optimum Design of an 8x8 Optical Switch with Thermal Compensated Mechanisms
This paper studies the optimum design for reducing
optical loss of an 8x8 mechanical type optical switch due to the
temperature change. The 8x8 optical switch is composed of a base, 8
input fibers, 8 output fibers, 3 fixed mirrors and 17 movable mirrors.
First, an innovative switch configuration is proposed with
thermal-compensated design. Most mechanical type optical switches
have a disadvantage that their precision and accuracy are influenced
by the ambient temperature. Therefore, the thermal-compensated
design is to deal with this situation by using materials with different
thermal expansion coefficients (α). Second, a parametric modeling
program is developed to generate solid models for finite element
analysis, and the thermal and structural behaviors of the switch are
analyzed. Finally, an integrated optimum design program, combining
Autodesk Inventor Professional software, finite element analysis
software, and genetic algorithms, is developed for improving the
thermal behaviors that the optical loss of the switch is reduced. By
changing design parameters of the switch in the integrated design
program, the final optimum design that satisfies the design constraints
and specifications can be found.
[1] D. T. Neilson, R. Frahm, P. Kolodner, C. A. Bolle, R. Ryf, J. Kim, A. R.
Papazian, C. J. Nuzman, A. Gasparyan, N. R. Basavanhally, V. A. Aksyuk
and J. V. Gates, "256 256 Port optical cross-connect subsystem," Journal
of Lightwave Technology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp.1499-1509, 2004.
[2] X. C. Shan, T. Ikehara, Y. Murakoshi and R. Maeda, "Applications of
micro hot embossing for optical switch formation," Sensors and
Actuators, vol. 119, pp.433-440, 2004.
[3] J. Bao, Z. Cao, Y. Yuan and X. Wu, "A non-silicon mirco-machining
based scalable fiber optic switch," Sensors and Actuators, vol. 116, pp.
209-214, 2004.
[4] H. T. Hsieh, C. W. Chiu, T. Tsao, F. Jiang and G. D. J. Su,
"Low-actuation-voltage MEMS for 2-D optical switches," Journal of
Lightwave Technology, vol. 24, no.11, pp.4372-4379, 2006.
[5] X. Li, Z. Zhou and M. Hamdi, "Non-violation set scheduling for
two-dimensional optical MEMS switch," IEEE Communications Letters,
vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 308-310, 2006.
[6] X. H. Ma and G. S. Kuo, "A novel integrated multistage optical
MEMS-mirror switch architecture design with shuffle Benes inter-stage
connecting principle," Optics Communications, vol. 242, pp.179-189,
2004.
[7] J. Q. Wang, S. C. Lin and J. S. Wu, "Method of mirror layout of
multi-level optical switch," Taiwan R.O.C. Patent No. 434418, 2000.
[8] W. W. Morey and W. L. Glomb, "Incorporated Bragg filter temperature
compensated optical waveguide device," U.S. Patent No. 5,042,898,
1991.
[9] G. W. Yoffe, P. A. Krug, F. Ouellette and D. A. Thorncarft, "Passive
temperature-compensated package for optical fiber gratings," Applied
Optics, vol. 34, pp.6859-6861, 1995.
[10] L. G. de Peralta, A. A. Bernussi, V. Gorbounov and H. Temkin,
"Temperature-insensitive reflective arrayed-waveguide grating
multiplexers," IEEE Photonics Technology Letter, vol. 16, no. 3,
pp.831-833, 2004.
[11] D. L. Weidman, G. H. Beall, K. C. Chyung, G. L. Francis, R. A. Modavis
and R. M. Morena, "A novel negative expansion substrate material for a
themalizing fiber bragg gratings," 22nd European Conference on Optical
Communication-ECOC-96, Oslo, pp.1.61-1.63, 1996.
[12] H. Tanobe, Y. Kondo, Y. Kadota, K. Okamoto and Y. Yoshikuni,
"Temperature insensitive arrayed waveguide gratings on InP substrates,"
IEEE Photonics Technology Letter, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.831-833, 1998.
[13] P. J. Lemaire and G. J. Shevchuk, "Fiber grating package," U.S. Patent
No. 5,841,920, 1998.
[14] T. T. Chung, C. T. Lin and H. Fan, "Design and analysis of a 8x8 optical
switch," The 12th International Conference on Mechatronics
Technology(ICMT 2008), Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, 2008.
[1] D. T. Neilson, R. Frahm, P. Kolodner, C. A. Bolle, R. Ryf, J. Kim, A. R.
Papazian, C. J. Nuzman, A. Gasparyan, N. R. Basavanhally, V. A. Aksyuk
and J. V. Gates, "256 256 Port optical cross-connect subsystem," Journal
of Lightwave Technology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp.1499-1509, 2004.
[2] X. C. Shan, T. Ikehara, Y. Murakoshi and R. Maeda, "Applications of
micro hot embossing for optical switch formation," Sensors and
Actuators, vol. 119, pp.433-440, 2004.
[3] J. Bao, Z. Cao, Y. Yuan and X. Wu, "A non-silicon mirco-machining
based scalable fiber optic switch," Sensors and Actuators, vol. 116, pp.
209-214, 2004.
[4] H. T. Hsieh, C. W. Chiu, T. Tsao, F. Jiang and G. D. J. Su,
"Low-actuation-voltage MEMS for 2-D optical switches," Journal of
Lightwave Technology, vol. 24, no.11, pp.4372-4379, 2006.
[5] X. Li, Z. Zhou and M. Hamdi, "Non-violation set scheduling for
two-dimensional optical MEMS switch," IEEE Communications Letters,
vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 308-310, 2006.
[6] X. H. Ma and G. S. Kuo, "A novel integrated multistage optical
MEMS-mirror switch architecture design with shuffle Benes inter-stage
connecting principle," Optics Communications, vol. 242, pp.179-189,
2004.
[7] J. Q. Wang, S. C. Lin and J. S. Wu, "Method of mirror layout of
multi-level optical switch," Taiwan R.O.C. Patent No. 434418, 2000.
[8] W. W. Morey and W. L. Glomb, "Incorporated Bragg filter temperature
compensated optical waveguide device," U.S. Patent No. 5,042,898,
1991.
[9] G. W. Yoffe, P. A. Krug, F. Ouellette and D. A. Thorncarft, "Passive
temperature-compensated package for optical fiber gratings," Applied
Optics, vol. 34, pp.6859-6861, 1995.
[10] L. G. de Peralta, A. A. Bernussi, V. Gorbounov and H. Temkin,
"Temperature-insensitive reflective arrayed-waveguide grating
multiplexers," IEEE Photonics Technology Letter, vol. 16, no. 3,
pp.831-833, 2004.
[11] D. L. Weidman, G. H. Beall, K. C. Chyung, G. L. Francis, R. A. Modavis
and R. M. Morena, "A novel negative expansion substrate material for a
themalizing fiber bragg gratings," 22nd European Conference on Optical
Communication-ECOC-96, Oslo, pp.1.61-1.63, 1996.
[12] H. Tanobe, Y. Kondo, Y. Kadota, K. Okamoto and Y. Yoshikuni,
"Temperature insensitive arrayed waveguide gratings on InP substrates,"
IEEE Photonics Technology Letter, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.831-833, 1998.
[13] P. J. Lemaire and G. J. Shevchuk, "Fiber grating package," U.S. Patent
No. 5,841,920, 1998.
[14] T. T. Chung, C. T. Lin and H. Fan, "Design and analysis of a 8x8 optical
switch," The 12th International Conference on Mechatronics
Technology(ICMT 2008), Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:63037", author = "Tien-Tung Chung and Chin-Te Lin and Chung-Yun Lee and Kuang-Chao Fan and Shou-Heng Chen", title = "Optimum Design of an 8x8 Optical Switch with Thermal Compensated Mechanisms", abstract = "This paper studies the optimum design for reducing
optical loss of an 8x8 mechanical type optical switch due to the
temperature change. The 8x8 optical switch is composed of a base, 8
input fibers, 8 output fibers, 3 fixed mirrors and 17 movable mirrors.
First, an innovative switch configuration is proposed with
thermal-compensated design. Most mechanical type optical switches
have a disadvantage that their precision and accuracy are influenced
by the ambient temperature. Therefore, the thermal-compensated
design is to deal with this situation by using materials with different
thermal expansion coefficients (α). Second, a parametric modeling
program is developed to generate solid models for finite element
analysis, and the thermal and structural behaviors of the switch are
analyzed. Finally, an integrated optimum design program, combining
Autodesk Inventor Professional software, finite element analysis
software, and genetic algorithms, is developed for improving the
thermal behaviors that the optical loss of the switch is reduced. By
changing design parameters of the switch in the integrated design
program, the final optimum design that satisfies the design constraints
and specifications can be found.", keywords = "Optical switch, finite element analysis,
thermal-compensated design, optimum design.", volume = "3", number = "5", pages = "646-8", }