The Relationship between Depression Interpersonal Communication and Media Using Among International Students
Student-s movements have been going increasing in
last decades. International students can have different psychological
and sociological problems in their adaptation process. Depression is
one of the most important problems in this procedure. This research
purposed to reveal level of foreign students- depression, kinds of
interpersonal communication networks (host/ethnic interpersonal
communication) and media usage (host/ethnic media usage).
Additionally study aimed to display the relationship between
depression and communication (host/ethnic interpersonal
communication and host/ethnic media usage) among foreign
university students. A field research was performed among 283
foreign university students who have been attending 8 different
universities in Turkey. A purposeful sampling technique was used in
this research cause of data collect facilities. Results indicated that
58.3% of foreign students- depression stage was “intermediate" while
33.2% of foreign students- depression level was “low". Add to this,
host interpersonal communication behaviors and Turkish web sites
usages were negatively and significantly correlated with depression.
[1] Z. Cemalc─▒lar, Role of Computer-Mediated Communication
Technologies in International Students- Cross-Cultural Transition,
Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. The University of Texas, Austin,
2003.
[2] M.C. Dato-on, "Cultural Assimilation and Consumption Behavior: A
Methodological Investigation". Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 12,
pp. 427-444, 2000.
[3] S. Snyder, N. Cervantes & A. Padilla, "Gender and Ethnic Differences
in Psychosocial Stress and Generalized Distress Among Hispanics", Sex
Roles, vol. 22, no. 7/8, pp. 441-453, 1990.
[4] D. Reece, & P. Palmgreen, "Coming to America: Need for Acculturation
and Media Use Motives among Indian Sojourners in the US."
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 24, pp. 807-824,
2000.
[5] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒,. Yeni Medya ve K├╝lt├╝rle┼ƒen Toplum, Literat├╝rk
Yay─▒nlar─▒, ─░stanbul, 2010b.
[6] Y. Wang, Internet Use Among Students and Its Implication for Cross-
Cultural Adaptation, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Kent State
University, 2006.
[7] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒, "The Relationship between Loneliness And
Television Viewing Motives in Acculturation Process", International
Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, vol. 1 no. 7, pp. 91-106, 2011.
[8] R. M. Perloff, Quarles R. C. & M. Drutz,. Loneliness, Depression and
the Uses of Television, Journalism Quarterly, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 352-
356, 1983.
[9] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×.Balc─▒, "Yabanc─▒ Uyruklu ├£niversite ├û─ƒrencileri Aras─▒nda
Kültürleşme ve Televizyon İzleme Motivasyonları", Türkiyat
Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 28, pp. 447-484, 2010a.
[10] M. Perse & A. M. Rubin, "Chronic Loneliness and Television Use",
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 37-53.
1990.
[11] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒, "The Relationship Between Life Satisfaction,
Interpersonal Communication And Media Using Among Foreign
Students", International Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, vol. 2,
no. 2, pp. 43-54, 2012.
[12] L. Arauj, Acculturation, and Life Satisfaction Among Latinos in the
United States, Unpublished Master Thesis, California State University,
Los Angeles 2009.
[13] B. Gülnar, "Yabancı Öğrencilerde Kültürleşme ve Medya Kullanımı",
Global Media Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 51-68, 2011.
[14] F. Keshishian, "Acculturation, Communication and the U.S. Mass
Media: The Experience of an Iranian Immigrant", The Howard Journal
of Communications, vol. 11, no. 93-106, 2000.
[15] W. Lee, & D. Tse, "Changing Media Consumption in a New Home:
Acculturation Patterns among Hong Kong Imm─▒grants to Canada",
Journal of Advertising, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 57-69, 1994.
[16] S. Ghaffarian, "The Acculturation of Iranian Imm─▒grants in The United
States and the Implications for Mental Health", The Journal of Social
Psychology, vol. 138, no. 5, pp. 645-654, 1998.
[17] J. Griffith, "Relationship between Acculturation and Psychological
Impairment in Adult Mexican Americans", Hispanic Journal of
Behavioral Sciences, vol. 5, pp. 431-459, 1983.
[18] J. G. Lang, R. F. Munoz, G. Bernal & J. L. Sorensen, "Quality of Life
and Psychological Well Being in a Bicultural Latino Community",
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 433-450,
1982.
[19] C. Ward, & A. Rana-Deuba, "Acculturation and Adaptation Revisited.
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 422-442, 1999.
[20] C. Ward, & A. Kennedy, "The Measurement of Sociocultural
Adaptation", International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 23,
no. 4, pp. 659-677, 1999.
[21] Y. Oh, G. F. Koeske, & E. "Sales, Acculturation, Stress and Depressive
Symptoms Among Korean Imm─▒grants in The United States", Journal of
Social Psychology, vol. 142, no. 4, pp. 511-526, 2002.
[22] Y. Y. Kim, "Mass Media and Acculturation: Toward Development of
An Interactive Theory", Paper presented at The Annual Convention of
The Eastern Communication Association, Philadelphia, May, 6,
Pennsylvania, 1979.
[23] G. D. Zimet, N. W. Dahlem, S. G. Zimet, & G. K. Farley, "The
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support", Journal of
Personality Assessment, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 30-41, 1988.
[24] C. Choi, "Acculturative Stress, Social Support, and Depression in
Korean American Families", Journal of Family Social Work, vol. 2, pp.
81-97, 1997.
[25] W. H. Kuo, & Y. M. Tsai, "Social Networking, Hardiness, and
Imm─▒grants- Mental Health", Journal of Health and Social Behavior,
vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 133-149, 1986.
[26] Y. Ying, & L. H. Liese, "Emotional Well-Being of Taiwan Students in
the U.S.: An Examination of Pre-to Post Arrival Differential",
International Journal of Intercultural Relations,vol. 15, 1990.
[27] S. Safdar C. Lay, & W. Struthers, "The Process of Acculturation and
Basic Goals: Testing a Multidimensional Individual Difference
Acculturation Model with Iranian Immigrants in Canada", Applied
Psychology: An International Review, no. 52, no. 4, pp. 555-579. 2003.
[28] J. Ye, "Acculturative Stress and Use of the Internet Among East Asian
International Students in the United States", Cyber Psychology &
Behavior, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 154-161, 2005.
[29] Z. Papacharissi, & A. M. Rubin, "Predictors of Internet Use", Journal of
Broadcasting & Electronic Media, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 175-196, 2000.
[1] Z. Cemalc─▒lar, Role of Computer-Mediated Communication
Technologies in International Students- Cross-Cultural Transition,
Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. The University of Texas, Austin,
2003.
[2] M.C. Dato-on, "Cultural Assimilation and Consumption Behavior: A
Methodological Investigation". Journal of Managerial Issues, vol. 12,
pp. 427-444, 2000.
[3] S. Snyder, N. Cervantes & A. Padilla, "Gender and Ethnic Differences
in Psychosocial Stress and Generalized Distress Among Hispanics", Sex
Roles, vol. 22, no. 7/8, pp. 441-453, 1990.
[4] D. Reece, & P. Palmgreen, "Coming to America: Need for Acculturation
and Media Use Motives among Indian Sojourners in the US."
International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 24, pp. 807-824,
2000.
[5] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒,. Yeni Medya ve K├╝lt├╝rle┼ƒen Toplum, Literat├╝rk
Yay─▒nlar─▒, ─░stanbul, 2010b.
[6] Y. Wang, Internet Use Among Students and Its Implication for Cross-
Cultural Adaptation, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Kent State
University, 2006.
[7] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒, "The Relationship between Loneliness And
Television Viewing Motives in Acculturation Process", International
Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, vol. 1 no. 7, pp. 91-106, 2011.
[8] R. M. Perloff, Quarles R. C. & M. Drutz,. Loneliness, Depression and
the Uses of Television, Journalism Quarterly, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 352-
356, 1983.
[9] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×.Balc─▒, "Yabanc─▒ Uyruklu ├£niversite ├û─ƒrencileri Aras─▒nda
Kültürleşme ve Televizyon İzleme Motivasyonları", Türkiyat
Araştırmaları Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 28, pp. 447-484, 2010a.
[10] M. Perse & A. M. Rubin, "Chronic Loneliness and Television Use",
Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 37-53.
1990.
[11] B. G├╝lnar, ┼×. Balc─▒, "The Relationship Between Life Satisfaction,
Interpersonal Communication And Media Using Among Foreign
Students", International Journal of Multidisciplinary Thought, vol. 2,
no. 2, pp. 43-54, 2012.
[12] L. Arauj, Acculturation, and Life Satisfaction Among Latinos in the
United States, Unpublished Master Thesis, California State University,
Los Angeles 2009.
[13] B. Gülnar, "Yabancı Öğrencilerde Kültürleşme ve Medya Kullanımı",
Global Media Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 51-68, 2011.
[14] F. Keshishian, "Acculturation, Communication and the U.S. Mass
Media: The Experience of an Iranian Immigrant", The Howard Journal
of Communications, vol. 11, no. 93-106, 2000.
[15] W. Lee, & D. Tse, "Changing Media Consumption in a New Home:
Acculturation Patterns among Hong Kong Imm─▒grants to Canada",
Journal of Advertising, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 57-69, 1994.
[16] S. Ghaffarian, "The Acculturation of Iranian Imm─▒grants in The United
States and the Implications for Mental Health", The Journal of Social
Psychology, vol. 138, no. 5, pp. 645-654, 1998.
[17] J. Griffith, "Relationship between Acculturation and Psychological
Impairment in Adult Mexican Americans", Hispanic Journal of
Behavioral Sciences, vol. 5, pp. 431-459, 1983.
[18] J. G. Lang, R. F. Munoz, G. Bernal & J. L. Sorensen, "Quality of Life
and Psychological Well Being in a Bicultural Latino Community",
Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 433-450,
1982.
[19] C. Ward, & A. Rana-Deuba, "Acculturation and Adaptation Revisited.
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 422-442, 1999.
[20] C. Ward, & A. Kennedy, "The Measurement of Sociocultural
Adaptation", International Journal of Intercultural Relations, vol. 23,
no. 4, pp. 659-677, 1999.
[21] Y. Oh, G. F. Koeske, & E. "Sales, Acculturation, Stress and Depressive
Symptoms Among Korean Imm─▒grants in The United States", Journal of
Social Psychology, vol. 142, no. 4, pp. 511-526, 2002.
[22] Y. Y. Kim, "Mass Media and Acculturation: Toward Development of
An Interactive Theory", Paper presented at The Annual Convention of
The Eastern Communication Association, Philadelphia, May, 6,
Pennsylvania, 1979.
[23] G. D. Zimet, N. W. Dahlem, S. G. Zimet, & G. K. Farley, "The
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support", Journal of
Personality Assessment, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 30-41, 1988.
[24] C. Choi, "Acculturative Stress, Social Support, and Depression in
Korean American Families", Journal of Family Social Work, vol. 2, pp.
81-97, 1997.
[25] W. H. Kuo, & Y. M. Tsai, "Social Networking, Hardiness, and
Imm─▒grants- Mental Health", Journal of Health and Social Behavior,
vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 133-149, 1986.
[26] Y. Ying, & L. H. Liese, "Emotional Well-Being of Taiwan Students in
the U.S.: An Examination of Pre-to Post Arrival Differential",
International Journal of Intercultural Relations,vol. 15, 1990.
[27] S. Safdar C. Lay, & W. Struthers, "The Process of Acculturation and
Basic Goals: Testing a Multidimensional Individual Difference
Acculturation Model with Iranian Immigrants in Canada", Applied
Psychology: An International Review, no. 52, no. 4, pp. 555-579. 2003.
[28] J. Ye, "Acculturative Stress and Use of the Internet Among East Asian
International Students in the United States", Cyber Psychology &
Behavior, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 154-161, 2005.
[29] Z. Papacharissi, & A. M. Rubin, "Predictors of Internet Use", Journal of
Broadcasting & Electronic Media, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 175-196, 2000.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:62860", author = "Birol Gülnar and Hacer Aker", title = "The Relationship between Depression Interpersonal Communication and Media Using Among International Students", abstract = "Student-s movements have been going increasing in
last decades. International students can have different psychological
and sociological problems in their adaptation process. Depression is
one of the most important problems in this procedure. This research
purposed to reveal level of foreign students- depression, kinds of
interpersonal communication networks (host/ethnic interpersonal
communication) and media usage (host/ethnic media usage).
Additionally study aimed to display the relationship between
depression and communication (host/ethnic interpersonal
communication and host/ethnic media usage) among foreign
university students. A field research was performed among 283
foreign university students who have been attending 8 different
universities in Turkey. A purposeful sampling technique was used in
this research cause of data collect facilities. Results indicated that
58.3% of foreign students- depression stage was “intermediate" while
33.2% of foreign students- depression level was “low". Add to this,
host interpersonal communication behaviors and Turkish web sites
usages were negatively and significantly correlated with depression.", keywords = "International students, depression, interpersonal
communication behaviors, media using.", volume = "7", number = "5", pages = "1265-7", }
