The Correlation between Peer Aggression and Peer Victimization: Are Aggressors Victims Too?
To investigate the possible correlation between peer aggression and peer victimization, 148 sixth-graders were asked to respond to the Reduced Aggression and Victimization Scales (RAVS). RAVS measures the frequency of reporting aggressive behaviors or of being victimized during the previous week prior to the survey. The scales are composed of six items each. Each point represents one instance of aggression or victimization. Specifically, the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PMCC) was used to determine the correlations between the scores of the sixthgraders in the two scales, both in individual items and total scores. Positive correlations were established and correlations were significant at the 0.01 levels.
[1] M. Eugene, E. M. Lewit, and L. S. Baker, "Children as victims of
violence," The Future of Children. The Juvenile Court vol. 6, no. 3,
1996, pp. 147-156.
[2] A. D. Ates and B. Yagmurlu, "Examining victimization in Turkish
schools," European Journal of Educational Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, 2010,
pp. 31-37.
[3] J. W. Hull, Making a Safe Haven: A Review of School Safety Status,
Perceptions and Practices in the South. SLC Special Series Report. The
Council of State Governments Atlanta, Georgia, 2001.
[4] S. L. D-Esposito, Peer aggression among adolescents: Characteristics
of the victims. Unpublished Dissertation. Office of Graduate Studies,
Texas A&M University, 2006.
[5] American Psychological Association, APA Resolution on Bullying
among Children and Youth. APA Council of Representatives, 2004.
[6] H. Gutierrez, A. Barrios, M. J. de Dios, I. Montero and C. del Barrio,
"The incidence of peer bullying as multiple maltreatment among
Spanish secondary school students," International Journal of
Psychology and Psychological Therapy, vol. 8, no. 2, 2008, pp. 247-
257.
[7] S. Panayiotis, P. Anna, T. Charalambos, and L. Chrysostomos,
"Prevalence of bullying among Cyprus elementary and high school
students," International Journal of Violence and School, vol. 11, 2010,
pp. 114-128.
[8] S. Graham, A. D. Bellmore, and J. Mize, "Peer victimization,
aggression, and their co-occurrence in middle school: Pathways to
adjustment problems," Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, vol. 34,
no.3, 2006, pp. 363-378. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-006-9030-2
[9] D. Finkelhor and J. Dziuba-Leatherman, "Victimization of children,"
American Psychologist, vol. 49, 1994, pp. 173-183.
[10] J. F. DeVoe, and L. Bauer, Student Victimization in U.S. Schools:
Results from the 2007 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime
Victimization Survey (NCES 2010-319). U.S. Department of Education,
National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 2010.
[11] E. S. Adefunke, "Types and prevalence of peer victimization among
secondary school students in Osun State, Nigeria: Implications for
counseling," International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in
Education, vol. 1 no. 1, 2010, pp. 93-102.
[12] E. D. Felix, M. J. Furlong, and G. Austin, "A cluster analytic
investigation of school violence victimization among diverse students,"
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, vol. 24 no. 10, 2009, pp. 1673-1695.
DOI: 10.1177/0886260509331507
[13] H. Wei and J. H. Williams, "Relationship between peer victimization
and school adjustment in Sixth-Grade students: Investigation mediation
effects," Violence and Victims, vol. 19, no. 5, 2004, pp. 557-571.
[14] N. A. Card and E. V. E. Hodges, "Peer victimization among
schoolchildren: Correlations, causes, consequences, and considerations
in assessment and intervention," School Psychology Quarterly, vol. 23,
no. 4, 2008, pp. 451-461. DOI: 10.1037/a0012769
[15] D. Wolke, S. Woods, K. Stanford, and H. Schulz, "Bullying and
victimization of primary school children in England and Germany:
Prevalence and school factors," British Journal of Psychology, vol. 92,
2001, pp. 673-696.
[16] A. C. Baldry and F. W. Winkel, "Direct and vicarious victimization at
school and at home as risk factors for suicidal cognition among Italian
adolescents," Journal of Adolescence, vol. 26, 2003, pp. 703-716.
[17] M. K. Holt, D. Finkelhor, and G. K. Kantor, "Multiple victimization
experiences of urban elementary school students: Associations with
psychosocial functioning and academic performance," Child Abuse &
Neglect, vol. 31, 2007, pp. 503-515.
[18] P. Orpinas, Manual Measurement- Aggression, Victimization, & Social
Skills Scales. The University of Georgia, 2009.
[19] P. Orpinas and A. Horne, Creating a Positive School Climate and
Developing Social Competence. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association, 2006.
[20] J. L. Rodgers and W. A. Nicewander, "Thirteen ways to look at the
Correlation Coefficient," The American Statistician, vol. 42, no. 1, 1988,
59-66.
[21] P. E. Subong, Statistics for Research: Applications in Research, Thesis
and Dissertation Writing and Statistical Data Management using SPSS
Software. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2006.
[1] M. Eugene, E. M. Lewit, and L. S. Baker, "Children as victims of
violence," The Future of Children. The Juvenile Court vol. 6, no. 3,
1996, pp. 147-156.
[2] A. D. Ates and B. Yagmurlu, "Examining victimization in Turkish
schools," European Journal of Educational Studies, vol. 2, no. 1, 2010,
pp. 31-37.
[3] J. W. Hull, Making a Safe Haven: A Review of School Safety Status,
Perceptions and Practices in the South. SLC Special Series Report. The
Council of State Governments Atlanta, Georgia, 2001.
[4] S. L. D-Esposito, Peer aggression among adolescents: Characteristics
of the victims. Unpublished Dissertation. Office of Graduate Studies,
Texas A&M University, 2006.
[5] American Psychological Association, APA Resolution on Bullying
among Children and Youth. APA Council of Representatives, 2004.
[6] H. Gutierrez, A. Barrios, M. J. de Dios, I. Montero and C. del Barrio,
"The incidence of peer bullying as multiple maltreatment among
Spanish secondary school students," International Journal of
Psychology and Psychological Therapy, vol. 8, no. 2, 2008, pp. 247-
257.
[7] S. Panayiotis, P. Anna, T. Charalambos, and L. Chrysostomos,
"Prevalence of bullying among Cyprus elementary and high school
students," International Journal of Violence and School, vol. 11, 2010,
pp. 114-128.
[8] S. Graham, A. D. Bellmore, and J. Mize, "Peer victimization,
aggression, and their co-occurrence in middle school: Pathways to
adjustment problems," Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, vol. 34,
no.3, 2006, pp. 363-378. DOI: 10.1007/s10802-006-9030-2
[9] D. Finkelhor and J. Dziuba-Leatherman, "Victimization of children,"
American Psychologist, vol. 49, 1994, pp. 173-183.
[10] J. F. DeVoe, and L. Bauer, Student Victimization in U.S. Schools:
Results from the 2007 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime
Victimization Survey (NCES 2010-319). U.S. Department of Education,
National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, DC: U.S.
Government Printing Office, 2010.
[11] E. S. Adefunke, "Types and prevalence of peer victimization among
secondary school students in Osun State, Nigeria: Implications for
counseling," International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in
Education, vol. 1 no. 1, 2010, pp. 93-102.
[12] E. D. Felix, M. J. Furlong, and G. Austin, "A cluster analytic
investigation of school violence victimization among diverse students,"
Journal of Interpersonal Violence, vol. 24 no. 10, 2009, pp. 1673-1695.
DOI: 10.1177/0886260509331507
[13] H. Wei and J. H. Williams, "Relationship between peer victimization
and school adjustment in Sixth-Grade students: Investigation mediation
effects," Violence and Victims, vol. 19, no. 5, 2004, pp. 557-571.
[14] N. A. Card and E. V. E. Hodges, "Peer victimization among
schoolchildren: Correlations, causes, consequences, and considerations
in assessment and intervention," School Psychology Quarterly, vol. 23,
no. 4, 2008, pp. 451-461. DOI: 10.1037/a0012769
[15] D. Wolke, S. Woods, K. Stanford, and H. Schulz, "Bullying and
victimization of primary school children in England and Germany:
Prevalence and school factors," British Journal of Psychology, vol. 92,
2001, pp. 673-696.
[16] A. C. Baldry and F. W. Winkel, "Direct and vicarious victimization at
school and at home as risk factors for suicidal cognition among Italian
adolescents," Journal of Adolescence, vol. 26, 2003, pp. 703-716.
[17] M. K. Holt, D. Finkelhor, and G. K. Kantor, "Multiple victimization
experiences of urban elementary school students: Associations with
psychosocial functioning and academic performance," Child Abuse &
Neglect, vol. 31, 2007, pp. 503-515.
[18] P. Orpinas, Manual Measurement- Aggression, Victimization, & Social
Skills Scales. The University of Georgia, 2009.
[19] P. Orpinas and A. Horne, Creating a Positive School Climate and
Developing Social Competence. Washington, DC: American
Psychological Association, 2006.
[20] J. L. Rodgers and W. A. Nicewander, "Thirteen ways to look at the
Correlation Coefficient," The American Statistician, vol. 42, no. 1, 1988,
59-66.
[21] P. E. Subong, Statistics for Research: Applications in Research, Thesis
and Dissertation Writing and Statistical Data Management using SPSS
Software. Sampaloc, Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2006.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:56002", author = "Glenn M. Calaguas", title = "The Correlation between Peer Aggression and Peer Victimization: Are Aggressors Victims Too?", abstract = "To investigate the possible correlation between peer aggression and peer victimization, 148 sixth-graders were asked to respond to the Reduced Aggression and Victimization Scales (RAVS). RAVS measures the frequency of reporting aggressive behaviors or of being victimized during the previous week prior to the survey. The scales are composed of six items each. Each point represents one instance of aggression or victimization. Specifically, the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient (PMCC) was used to determine the correlations between the scores of the sixthgraders in the two scales, both in individual items and total scores. Positive correlations were established and correlations were significant at the 0.01 levels.
", keywords = "correlation, peer aggression, peer victimization,
sixth-graders.", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "2131-5", }
