Sustainability in Space Composition of Traditional Architecture of Hot Arid Zones of Iran
Iran Central Plateau encompasses a large proportion of this country. The weather in these flat plains is warm and arid with very little precipitation. Different attempts in architecture have been done to alleviate the weather severity of this area and create a living place compatible with humans’ comfort criteria. Investigations have showed that some of the most successful approaches in traditional architecture of the area has been forgotten or are not being used widely. As sustainability is defined as an appropriate solution for environmental, economical, and social disorders, this research is a try to demonstrate the sustainability in aforementioned architecture and based on these studies, propounds solutions for today architecture in hot arid zones.
[1] Retrieved on April 12, 2013 from website http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=432
[2] Alexander, Christopher, "Notes on the Synthesis of Form, 1st ed.”, Harvard University Press, 1964, pp. 1-224.
[3] Borucke, Michael, David Moore, Gemma Cranston, Kyle Gracey, Katsunori Iha, Joy Larson, Elias Lazarus, Juan Carlos Morales, Mathis Wackernagel, Alessandro Galli, 2012, "Accounting for demand and supply of the biosphere’s regenerative capacity: The National Footprint Accounts’ underlying methodology and framework”, Ecological Indicators 24 (2013) 518–533, Elsevier Ltd.
[4] Adams, W.M., "The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century", 2006, Report of the IUCN Renowned Thinkers Meeting, 29–31 January 2006.
[5] Abdaei, Kaveh, Ahadollag Azami, "Sustainability Analyses of Passive Cooling Systems in Iranian Traditional Buildings approaching Wind-Catchers”, Recent Advances in Energy, Environment and Development, pp.124-129.
[6] Afrasiabian, Shaghayegh, Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Negar Badri, "Nature as a Source of Sustainable Design in Architecture of Original Countries (Case Study: Traditional Architecture of Iran)”, Archi-Cultural Translations through the Silk Road 2nd International Conference, Mukogawa Women’s Univ., Nishinomiya, Japan, July 14-16, 2012 Proceedings, pp.257-261.
[7] Azami.A, Y., "Climate passive architecture in hot and dry regions of iran, Passive and low energy cooling for the built environment”, Greece: Santorini, 2005, pp. 613-617.
[8] Fardpour, Tohid, "Analysis of Iranian Traditional Architecture Through the Lens of Kenneth Frampton's "Critical Regionalism"”, American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2013, 6 (2): 205-210.
[9] Ghobadian. Vahid, "Climate Analysis of the Traditional Iranian Buildings”, 5th ed., Tehran: University of Tehran Press, 2008.
[10] Kasmai, Morteza, "Climate & Architecture”, 4nd ed., 2006, pp. 107-130.
[11] Kiani, W. K., "Cultural heritage organization of Iran”, Tehran, 1995.
[12] Pourvahidi, Parastoo, "Bioclimatic Analysis of Vernacular Iranian Architecture", Master diss., Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimagusa, North Cyprus, 2010, 1-161.
[13] Pourvahidi, Parastoo, Mesut B. Ozdeniz, "Bioclimatic analysis of Iranian climate for energy conservation in architecture”, Scientific Research and Essays, 2013, Vol. 8(1), pp. 6-16.
[14] Shojaei, S.A.R., Zahra khodayari, "Sustainable Architecture In Arid Regions of Iran", 5th Symposium on Advances in Science & Technology, May 12-17, 2011.
[15] Utaberta, N., N. Sharifi, M. Surat, A. I. Che-Ani and N.M. Tawil, "The Experience of Iranian Architecture in Direction of Urban Passages and Forming of Urban Structures to Increase Climatic Comfort", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2012, Vol. 67, pp. 637-641.
[16] Retrieved on June 2, 2013 from website http://news.discovery.com/earth/global-warming/hottest-spot-on-earth-120416.htm
[17] Attmann, Osman , "Green architecture: overview”, Green architecture: advanced technologies and materials. definitions and operationalizations of green architecture, McGraw-Hill Professional, AccessEngineering, ICC (International Code Council), 2010, pp. 1-26.
[18] Retrieved on May 28, 2013 from Website http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=965506
[19] Pirnia, Mohammad Karim, Stylistic of Iranian Architecturem, 3rd ed., 1383, pp. 32.
[20] Retrieved on April 18, 2013 from website Website: http://n-a-c.blogfa.com/cat-12.aspx
[21] Shokouhian.M, S., "Enviromental effect of the courtyard in sustainable architecture of Iran”, Tehran: Islamic azad university, 2007.
[22] Retrieved on April 26, 2013 from website http://www.gardenhistorysociety.org/post/agenda/the-gardens-of-persia/
[23] Le Corbusier "The Modulor: A Harmonious Measure to the Human Scale, Universally Applicable to Architecture and Mechanics”. Basel & Boston: Birkhäuser, (2004) (First published in two volumes in 1954 and 1958.).
[24] Retrieved on May 06, 2013 from website http://ghoolabad.com/index2.asp?id=26
[1] Retrieved on April 12, 2013 from website http://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=432
[2] Alexander, Christopher, "Notes on the Synthesis of Form, 1st ed.”, Harvard University Press, 1964, pp. 1-224.
[3] Borucke, Michael, David Moore, Gemma Cranston, Kyle Gracey, Katsunori Iha, Joy Larson, Elias Lazarus, Juan Carlos Morales, Mathis Wackernagel, Alessandro Galli, 2012, "Accounting for demand and supply of the biosphere’s regenerative capacity: The National Footprint Accounts’ underlying methodology and framework”, Ecological Indicators 24 (2013) 518–533, Elsevier Ltd.
[4] Adams, W.M., "The Future of Sustainability: Re-thinking Environment and Development in the Twenty-first Century", 2006, Report of the IUCN Renowned Thinkers Meeting, 29–31 January 2006.
[5] Abdaei, Kaveh, Ahadollag Azami, "Sustainability Analyses of Passive Cooling Systems in Iranian Traditional Buildings approaching Wind-Catchers”, Recent Advances in Energy, Environment and Development, pp.124-129.
[6] Afrasiabian, Shaghayegh, Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Negar Badri, "Nature as a Source of Sustainable Design in Architecture of Original Countries (Case Study: Traditional Architecture of Iran)”, Archi-Cultural Translations through the Silk Road 2nd International Conference, Mukogawa Women’s Univ., Nishinomiya, Japan, July 14-16, 2012 Proceedings, pp.257-261.
[7] Azami.A, Y., "Climate passive architecture in hot and dry regions of iran, Passive and low energy cooling for the built environment”, Greece: Santorini, 2005, pp. 613-617.
[8] Fardpour, Tohid, "Analysis of Iranian Traditional Architecture Through the Lens of Kenneth Frampton's "Critical Regionalism"”, American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2013, 6 (2): 205-210.
[9] Ghobadian. Vahid, "Climate Analysis of the Traditional Iranian Buildings”, 5th ed., Tehran: University of Tehran Press, 2008.
[10] Kasmai, Morteza, "Climate & Architecture”, 4nd ed., 2006, pp. 107-130.
[11] Kiani, W. K., "Cultural heritage organization of Iran”, Tehran, 1995.
[12] Pourvahidi, Parastoo, "Bioclimatic Analysis of Vernacular Iranian Architecture", Master diss., Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimagusa, North Cyprus, 2010, 1-161.
[13] Pourvahidi, Parastoo, Mesut B. Ozdeniz, "Bioclimatic analysis of Iranian climate for energy conservation in architecture”, Scientific Research and Essays, 2013, Vol. 8(1), pp. 6-16.
[14] Shojaei, S.A.R., Zahra khodayari, "Sustainable Architecture In Arid Regions of Iran", 5th Symposium on Advances in Science & Technology, May 12-17, 2011.
[15] Utaberta, N., N. Sharifi, M. Surat, A. I. Che-Ani and N.M. Tawil, "The Experience of Iranian Architecture in Direction of Urban Passages and Forming of Urban Structures to Increase Climatic Comfort", World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2012, Vol. 67, pp. 637-641.
[16] Retrieved on June 2, 2013 from website http://news.discovery.com/earth/global-warming/hottest-spot-on-earth-120416.htm
[17] Attmann, Osman , "Green architecture: overview”, Green architecture: advanced technologies and materials. definitions and operationalizations of green architecture, McGraw-Hill Professional, AccessEngineering, ICC (International Code Council), 2010, pp. 1-26.
[18] Retrieved on May 28, 2013 from Website http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=965506
[19] Pirnia, Mohammad Karim, Stylistic of Iranian Architecturem, 3rd ed., 1383, pp. 32.
[20] Retrieved on April 18, 2013 from website Website: http://n-a-c.blogfa.com/cat-12.aspx
[21] Shokouhian.M, S., "Enviromental effect of the courtyard in sustainable architecture of Iran”, Tehran: Islamic azad university, 2007.
[22] Retrieved on April 26, 2013 from website http://www.gardenhistorysociety.org/post/agenda/the-gardens-of-persia/
[23] Le Corbusier "The Modulor: A Harmonious Measure to the Human Scale, Universally Applicable to Architecture and Mechanics”. Basel & Boston: Birkhäuser, (2004) (First published in two volumes in 1954 and 1958.).
[24] Retrieved on May 06, 2013 from website http://ghoolabad.com/index2.asp?id=26
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:67441", author = "Farshad Kheiri", title = "Sustainability in Space Composition of Traditional Architecture of Hot Arid Zones of Iran", abstract = "Iran Central Plateau encompasses a large proportion of this country. The weather in these flat plains is warm and arid with very little precipitation. Different attempts in architecture have been done to alleviate the weather severity of this area and create a living place compatible with humans’ comfort criteria. Investigations have showed that some of the most successful approaches in traditional architecture of the area has been forgotten or are not being used widely. As sustainability is defined as an appropriate solution for environmental, economical, and social disorders, this research is a try to demonstrate the sustainability in aforementioned architecture and based on these studies, propounds solutions for today architecture in hot arid zones.
", keywords = "Hot arid climatic zone, Iranian Architecture, Sustainability, Vernacular architecture.", volume = "8", number = "4", pages = "477-6", }
