Supervisor Controller-Based Colored Petri Nets for Deadlock Control and Machine Failures in Automated Manufacturing Systems
This paper develops a robust deadlock control technique for shared and unreliable resources in automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) based on structural analysis and colored Petri nets, which consists of three steps. The first step involves using strict minimal siphon control to create a live (deadlock-free) system that does not consider resource failure. The second step uses an approach based on colored Petri net, in which all monitors designed in the first step are merged into a single monitor. The third step addresses the deadlock control problems caused by resource failures. For all resource failures in the Petri net model a common recovery subnet based on colored petri net is proposed. The common recovery subnet is added to the obtained system at the second step to make the system reliable. The proposed approach is evaluated using an AMS from the literature. The results show that the proposed approach can be applied to an unreliable complex Petri net model, has a simpler structure and less computational complexity, and can obtain one common recovery subnet to model all resource failures.
[1] H. Kaid, A. Al-Ahmari, Z. Li, and R. Davidrajuh, "Single Controller-Based Colored Petri Nets for Deadlock Control in Automated Manufacturing Systems," Processes, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 21, 2020.
[2] Y. Chen, Z. Li, M. Khalgui, and O. Mosbahi, "Design of a maximally permissive liveness-enforcing Petri net supervisor for flexible manufacturing systems," Automation Science and Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 374-393, 2011.
[3] A. Ghaffari, N. Rezg, and X. Xie, "Design of a live and maximally permissive Petri net controller using the theory of regions," Robotics and Automation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 137-141, 2003.
[4] M. Uzam, "The use of the Petri net reduction approach for an optimal deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 23, no. 3-4, pp. 204-219, 2004.
[5] D. Sun, Y. Chen, M. A. El-Meligy, M. A. F. Sharaf, N. Wu, and Z. Li, "On algebraic identification of critical states for deadlock control in automated manufacturing systems modeled with Petri nets," IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 121332-121349, 2019.
[6] D. Y. Chao, "Improvement of suboptimal siphon-and FBM-based control model of a well-known S3PR," Automation Science and Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 404-411, 2011.
[7] M. Uzam, "An optimal deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems using Petri net models with resources and the theory of regions," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 192-208, 2002.
[8] Z. Li and M. Zhou, "Elementary siphons of Petri nets and their application to deadlock prevention in flexible manufacturing systems," Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 38-51, 2004.
[9] M. Uzam and M. Zhou, "Iterative synthesis of Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," in Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2004 IEEE International Conference on, 2004, pp. 4260-4265.
[10] Y.-L. Pan, C.-Y. Tseng, and T.-C. Row, "Design of improved optimal and suboptimal deadlock prevention for flexible manufacturing systems based on place invariant and reachability graph analysis methods," Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 261-270, 2017.
[11] M. Zhao and M. Uzam, "A suboptimal deadlock control policy for designing non-blocking supervisors in flexible manufacturing systems," Information Sciences, vol. 388, pp. 135-153, 2017.
[12] M. Abdulaziz, E. A. Nasr, A. Al-Ahmari, H. Kaid, and Z. Li, "Evaluation of Deadlock Control Designs in Automated Manufacturing Systems," in International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, USA, 2015.
[13] S. Wang, D. You, and M. Zhou, "A necessary and sufficient condition for a resource subset to generate a strict minimal siphon in S 4PR," IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 4173-4179, 2017.
[14] F.-S. Hsieh, "Robustness analysis of Petri nets for assembly/disassembly processes with unreliable resources," Automatica, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 1159-1166, 2006.
[15] S. Wang, S. F. Chew, and M. A. Lawley, "Using shared-resource capacity for robust control of failure-prone manufacturing systems," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 605-627, 2008.
[16] S. F. Chew, S. Wang, and M. A. Lawley, "Robust supervisory control for product routings with multiple unreliable resources," IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 195-200, 2009.
[17] G. Liu, Z. Li, K. Barkaoui, and A. M. Al-Ahmari, "Robustness of deadlock control for a class of Petri nets with unreliable resources," Information Sciences, vol. 235, pp. 259-279, 2013.
[18] Y. Feng, K. Xing, Z. Gao, and Y. Wu, "Transition cover-based robust Petri net controllers for automated manufacturing systems with a type of unreliable resources," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 3019-3029, 2016.
[19] G. Liu, P. Li, Z. Li, and N. Wu, "Robust Deadlock Control for Automated Manufacturing Systems With Unreliable Resources Based on Petri Net Reachability Graphs," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 49, no. 7, pp. 1371-1385, 2018.
[20] N. Ran, J. Hao, S. Wang, Z. Dong, Z. He, Z. Liu, and Y. Ruan, "K-codiagnosability verification of labeled Petri nets," IEEE Access, pp. 1-8, 2019.
[21] J. Ezpeleta, J. M. Colom, and J. Martinez, "A Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," Robotics and Automation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 173-184, 1995.
[22] Z. Li and M. Zhou, Deadlock resolution in automated manufacturing systems: a novel Petri net approach: Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.
[1] H. Kaid, A. Al-Ahmari, Z. Li, and R. Davidrajuh, "Single Controller-Based Colored Petri Nets for Deadlock Control in Automated Manufacturing Systems," Processes, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 21, 2020.
[2] Y. Chen, Z. Li, M. Khalgui, and O. Mosbahi, "Design of a maximally permissive liveness-enforcing Petri net supervisor for flexible manufacturing systems," Automation Science and Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 374-393, 2011.
[3] A. Ghaffari, N. Rezg, and X. Xie, "Design of a live and maximally permissive Petri net controller using the theory of regions," Robotics and Automation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 137-141, 2003.
[4] M. Uzam, "The use of the Petri net reduction approach for an optimal deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 23, no. 3-4, pp. 204-219, 2004.
[5] D. Sun, Y. Chen, M. A. El-Meligy, M. A. F. Sharaf, N. Wu, and Z. Li, "On algebraic identification of critical states for deadlock control in automated manufacturing systems modeled with Petri nets," IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 121332-121349, 2019.
[6] D. Y. Chao, "Improvement of suboptimal siphon-and FBM-based control model of a well-known S3PR," Automation Science and Engineering, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 404-411, 2011.
[7] M. Uzam, "An optimal deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems using Petri net models with resources and the theory of regions," The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 192-208, 2002.
[8] Z. Li and M. Zhou, "Elementary siphons of Petri nets and their application to deadlock prevention in flexible manufacturing systems," Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 38-51, 2004.
[9] M. Uzam and M. Zhou, "Iterative synthesis of Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," in Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 2004 IEEE International Conference on, 2004, pp. 4260-4265.
[10] Y.-L. Pan, C.-Y. Tseng, and T.-C. Row, "Design of improved optimal and suboptimal deadlock prevention for flexible manufacturing systems based on place invariant and reachability graph analysis methods," Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 261-270, 2017.
[11] M. Zhao and M. Uzam, "A suboptimal deadlock control policy for designing non-blocking supervisors in flexible manufacturing systems," Information Sciences, vol. 388, pp. 135-153, 2017.
[12] M. Abdulaziz, E. A. Nasr, A. Al-Ahmari, H. Kaid, and Z. Li, "Evaluation of Deadlock Control Designs in Automated Manufacturing Systems," in International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management, USA, 2015.
[13] S. Wang, D. You, and M. Zhou, "A necessary and sufficient condition for a resource subset to generate a strict minimal siphon in S 4PR," IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 4173-4179, 2017.
[14] F.-S. Hsieh, "Robustness analysis of Petri nets for assembly/disassembly processes with unreliable resources," Automatica, vol. 42, no. 7, pp. 1159-1166, 2006.
[15] S. Wang, S. F. Chew, and M. A. Lawley, "Using shared-resource capacity for robust control of failure-prone manufacturing systems," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 605-627, 2008.
[16] S. F. Chew, S. Wang, and M. A. Lawley, "Robust supervisory control for product routings with multiple unreliable resources," IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 195-200, 2009.
[17] G. Liu, Z. Li, K. Barkaoui, and A. M. Al-Ahmari, "Robustness of deadlock control for a class of Petri nets with unreliable resources," Information Sciences, vol. 235, pp. 259-279, 2013.
[18] Y. Feng, K. Xing, Z. Gao, and Y. Wu, "Transition cover-based robust Petri net controllers for automated manufacturing systems with a type of unreliable resources," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 3019-3029, 2016.
[19] G. Liu, P. Li, Z. Li, and N. Wu, "Robust Deadlock Control for Automated Manufacturing Systems With Unreliable Resources Based on Petri Net Reachability Graphs," IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems, vol. 49, no. 7, pp. 1371-1385, 2018.
[20] N. Ran, J. Hao, S. Wang, Z. Dong, Z. He, Z. Liu, and Y. Ruan, "K-codiagnosability verification of labeled Petri nets," IEEE Access, pp. 1-8, 2019.
[21] J. Ezpeleta, J. M. Colom, and J. Martinez, "A Petri net based deadlock prevention policy for flexible manufacturing systems," Robotics and Automation, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 173-184, 1995.
[22] Z. Li and M. Zhou, Deadlock resolution in automated manufacturing systems: a novel Petri net approach: Springer Science & Business Media, 2009.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:79890", author = "Husam Kaid and Abdulrahman Al-Ahmari and Zhiwu Li", title = "Supervisor Controller-Based Colored Petri Nets for Deadlock Control and Machine Failures in Automated Manufacturing Systems", abstract = "This paper develops a robust deadlock control technique for shared and unreliable resources in automated manufacturing systems (AMSs) based on structural analysis and colored Petri nets, which consists of three steps. The first step involves using strict minimal siphon control to create a live (deadlock-free) system that does not consider resource failure. The second step uses an approach based on colored Petri net, in which all monitors designed in the first step are merged into a single monitor. The third step addresses the deadlock control problems caused by resource failures. For all resource failures in the Petri net model a common recovery subnet based on colored petri net is proposed. The common recovery subnet is added to the obtained system at the second step to make the system reliable. The proposed approach is evaluated using an AMS from the literature. The results show that the proposed approach can be applied to an unreliable complex Petri net model, has a simpler structure and less computational complexity, and can obtain one common recovery subnet to model all resource failures.
", keywords = "Automated manufacturing system, colored Petri net, deadlock, siphon.", volume = "14", number = "10", pages = "486-7", }
