Strengthening of RC Beams with Large Openings in Shear by CFRP Laminates: 2D Nonlinear FE Analysis
To date, theoretical studies concerning the Carbon
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthening of RC beams with
openings have been rather limited. In addition, various numerical
analyses presented so far have effectively simulated the behaviour of
solid beam strengthened by FRP material. In this paper, a two
dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis is presented to validate
against the laboratory test results of six RC beams. All beams had the
same rectangular cross-section geometry and were loaded under four
point bending. The crack pattern results of the finite element model
show good agreement with the crack pattern of the experimental
beams. The load midspan deflection curves of the finite element
models exhibited a stiffer result compared to the experimental beams.
The possible reason may be due to the perfect bond assumption used
between the concrete and steel reinforcement.
[1] M.A. Mansur and K.H. Tan, Concrete Beams with Openings: Analysis
and Design, CRC Press, 1999.
[2] Mansur M.A., "Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Web
Openings," Proceedings of the 6th Asia-Pacific Structural Engineering
and Construction Conference (ASPEC 2006), 5-6 September 2006,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., 2006, pp. 104-120.
[3] M.A. Mansur, L.M. Huang, K.H. Tan, and S.L. Lee, "Deflections of
reinforced concrete beams with web openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 89,
no. 4, pp. 391-397, Jul-Aug. 1992.
[4] M.A. Mansur, K.H. Tan, and S.L. Lee, "Design method for reinforced
concrete beams with large openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 82, no.4, pp.
517-524, Jul-Aug. 1985.
[5] K.H. Tan, M.A. Mansur, and W. Wei, "Design of reinforced concrete
beams with circular openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 407-
415, May-June, 2001
[6] K.H. Yang and A.F. Ashour, "Inclined reinforcement around web
opening in concrete beams," Proceedings of the ICE-Structures and
Buildings, vol. 160, no. 3, 2007, pp. 173-182.
[7] E. Ferrier, S. Avril, P. Hamelin, and A. Vautrin, "Mechanical behavior
of RC beams reinforced by externally bonded CFRP sheets," Materials
and Structures, vol. 36, no.8, pp. 522-529, Oct. 2003.
[8] H. Madkour, "Non-linear analysis of strengthened RC beams with web
openings," Proceedings of the ICE-Structures and Buildings, vol. 162,
no.2, 2009, pp. 115-128.
[9] M.A. Mansur, K.H. Tan, and W. Wei, "Effects of creating an opening in
existing beams," ACI Struct. J., vol. 96, no.6, pp. 899-906, Nov-Dec
1999.
[10] H. A. Abdalla, A. M. Torkey, H.A., Haggag, and A.F. Abu-Amira,
"Design against cracking at openings in reinforced concrete beams
strengthened with composite sheets". J Compos Struct., vol. 60, no. 2,
pp. 197-204, May 2003.
[11] S.M. Allam, "Strengthening of rc beams with large openings in the shear
zone". J Engr, Alexandria, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 59-78. 2005
[12] T. El Maaddawy and S. Sherif, "FRP composites for shear strengthening
of reinforced concrete deep beams with openings". J Compos Struct.,
vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 60-69, Jun 2009.
[13] A. Pimanmas, "Strengthening R/C beams with opening by externally
installed FRP rods: behavior and analysis," J Compos. Struct., vol. 92,
no. 8, pp. 1957-1976, Jul. 2010.
[14] S.C. Chin, N. Shafiq and M.F. Nuruddin, "Strengthening of RC beams
with large openings in shear by CFRP laminates: Test results,"
International Conference on Civil, Offshore and Environmental
Engineering, 12-14th June, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2012, (Submitted).
[15] V. Cervenka, L. Jendele, and J. Cervenka, "ATENA Program
Documentation Part 1 Theory," Cervenka Consulting Ltd, Prague. 2010.
[16] X.Z. Lu, J.G. Teng, L.P. Ye, and J.J. Jiang, "Bond - slip models for FRP
sheets / plates bonded to concrete," Engineering Structures, vol. 27, no.
6, pp. 920-937, Apr. 2005.
[17] R. Kotynia, H.A. Baky, K.W. Neale, M. Asce, and U.A. Ebead,
"Flexural strengthening of rc beams with externally bonded CFRP
systems :test results and 3d nonlinear FE analysis," J. Compos.
Constr.,vol. 12, no.2, pp. 190-201, Mac-Apr. 2008.
[18] Y.T. Obaidat, S. Heyden and O. Dahlblom, "The effect of CFRP and
CFRP/concrete interface models when modelling retrofitted RC beams
with FEM", J Compos. Struct. vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 1391-1398, May 2010.
[19] A., P. Godat, Labossière, and K. W. Neale., "Numerical investigation of
the parameters influencing the behaviour of FRP shear-strengthened
beams". Constr. and Build. Mat.,2011. In Press
[20] A. Godat, K.W. Neale, and P. Labossière, "Towards modelling FRP
shear-strengthened reinforced concrete beams," Proceedings of the 8th
International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement
for Concrete Structures", University of Patras, Patras, 2007.
[1] M.A. Mansur and K.H. Tan, Concrete Beams with Openings: Analysis
and Design, CRC Press, 1999.
[2] Mansur M.A., "Design of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Web
Openings," Proceedings of the 6th Asia-Pacific Structural Engineering
and Construction Conference (ASPEC 2006), 5-6 September 2006,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., 2006, pp. 104-120.
[3] M.A. Mansur, L.M. Huang, K.H. Tan, and S.L. Lee, "Deflections of
reinforced concrete beams with web openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 89,
no. 4, pp. 391-397, Jul-Aug. 1992.
[4] M.A. Mansur, K.H. Tan, and S.L. Lee, "Design method for reinforced
concrete beams with large openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 82, no.4, pp.
517-524, Jul-Aug. 1985.
[5] K.H. Tan, M.A. Mansur, and W. Wei, "Design of reinforced concrete
beams with circular openings," ACI Struct. J., vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 407-
415, May-June, 2001
[6] K.H. Yang and A.F. Ashour, "Inclined reinforcement around web
opening in concrete beams," Proceedings of the ICE-Structures and
Buildings, vol. 160, no. 3, 2007, pp. 173-182.
[7] E. Ferrier, S. Avril, P. Hamelin, and A. Vautrin, "Mechanical behavior
of RC beams reinforced by externally bonded CFRP sheets," Materials
and Structures, vol. 36, no.8, pp. 522-529, Oct. 2003.
[8] H. Madkour, "Non-linear analysis of strengthened RC beams with web
openings," Proceedings of the ICE-Structures and Buildings, vol. 162,
no.2, 2009, pp. 115-128.
[9] M.A. Mansur, K.H. Tan, and W. Wei, "Effects of creating an opening in
existing beams," ACI Struct. J., vol. 96, no.6, pp. 899-906, Nov-Dec
1999.
[10] H. A. Abdalla, A. M. Torkey, H.A., Haggag, and A.F. Abu-Amira,
"Design against cracking at openings in reinforced concrete beams
strengthened with composite sheets". J Compos Struct., vol. 60, no. 2,
pp. 197-204, May 2003.
[11] S.M. Allam, "Strengthening of rc beams with large openings in the shear
zone". J Engr, Alexandria, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 59-78. 2005
[12] T. El Maaddawy and S. Sherif, "FRP composites for shear strengthening
of reinforced concrete deep beams with openings". J Compos Struct.,
vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 60-69, Jun 2009.
[13] A. Pimanmas, "Strengthening R/C beams with opening by externally
installed FRP rods: behavior and analysis," J Compos. Struct., vol. 92,
no. 8, pp. 1957-1976, Jul. 2010.
[14] S.C. Chin, N. Shafiq and M.F. Nuruddin, "Strengthening of RC beams
with large openings in shear by CFRP laminates: Test results,"
International Conference on Civil, Offshore and Environmental
Engineering, 12-14th June, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2012, (Submitted).
[15] V. Cervenka, L. Jendele, and J. Cervenka, "ATENA Program
Documentation Part 1 Theory," Cervenka Consulting Ltd, Prague. 2010.
[16] X.Z. Lu, J.G. Teng, L.P. Ye, and J.J. Jiang, "Bond - slip models for FRP
sheets / plates bonded to concrete," Engineering Structures, vol. 27, no.
6, pp. 920-937, Apr. 2005.
[17] R. Kotynia, H.A. Baky, K.W. Neale, M. Asce, and U.A. Ebead,
"Flexural strengthening of rc beams with externally bonded CFRP
systems :test results and 3d nonlinear FE analysis," J. Compos.
Constr.,vol. 12, no.2, pp. 190-201, Mac-Apr. 2008.
[18] Y.T. Obaidat, S. Heyden and O. Dahlblom, "The effect of CFRP and
CFRP/concrete interface models when modelling retrofitted RC beams
with FEM", J Compos. Struct. vol. 92, no. 6, pp. 1391-1398, May 2010.
[19] A., P. Godat, Labossière, and K. W. Neale., "Numerical investigation of
the parameters influencing the behaviour of FRP shear-strengthened
beams". Constr. and Build. Mat.,2011. In Press
[20] A. Godat, K.W. Neale, and P. Labossière, "Towards modelling FRP
shear-strengthened reinforced concrete beams," Proceedings of the 8th
International Symposium on Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement
for Concrete Structures", University of Patras, Patras, 2007.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:54218", author = "S.C. Chin and N. Shafiq and M.F. Nuruddin", title = "Strengthening of RC Beams with Large Openings in Shear by CFRP Laminates: 2D Nonlinear FE Analysis", abstract = "To date, theoretical studies concerning the Carbon
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strengthening of RC beams with
openings have been rather limited. In addition, various numerical
analyses presented so far have effectively simulated the behaviour of
solid beam strengthened by FRP material. In this paper, a two
dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis is presented to validate
against the laboratory test results of six RC beams. All beams had the
same rectangular cross-section geometry and were loaded under four
point bending. The crack pattern results of the finite element model
show good agreement with the crack pattern of the experimental
beams. The load midspan deflection curves of the finite element
models exhibited a stiffer result compared to the experimental beams.
The possible reason may be due to the perfect bond assumption used
between the concrete and steel reinforcement.", keywords = "CFRP, large opening, RC beam, strengthening", volume = "6", number = "2", pages = "126-6", }
