Modeling Strategy and Numerical Validation of the Turbulent Flow over a two-Dimensional Flat Roof
The construction of a civil structure inside a urban
area inevitably modifies the outdoor microclimate at the building
site. Wind speed, wind direction, air pollution, driving rain, radiation
and daylight are some of the main physical aspects that are subjected
to the major changes. The quantitative amount of these modifications
depends on the shape, size and orientation of the building and on its
interaction with the surrounding environment.The flow field over a
flat roof model building has been numerically investigated in order to
determine two-dimensional CFD guidelines for the calculation of the
turbulent flow over a structure immersed in an atmospheric boundary
layer. To this purpose, a complete validation campaign has been
performed through a systematic comparison of numerical simulations
with wind tunnel experimental data.Several turbulence models and
spatial node distributions have been tested for five different vertical
positions, respectively from the upstream leading edge to the
downstream bottom edge of the analyzed model. Flow field
characteristics in the neighborhood of the building model have been
numerically investigated, allowing a quantification of the capabilities
of the CFD code to predict the flow separation and the extension of
the recirculation regions.The proposed calculations have allowed the
development of a preliminary procedure to be used as a guidance in
selecting the appropriate grid configuration and corresponding
turbulence model for the prediction of the flow field over a twodimensional
roof architecture dominated by flow separation.
[1] Blocken, B., Carmeliet, J., Pedestrian Wind Environment around
Buildings: Literature Review and Practical Examples, Journal of
Thermal Envelope and Building Science, Oct 2004, 28: 107-159;
[2] Jensen, A. G., Franke, J., Hirsch, C., Schatzmann, M., Stathopoulos, T.,
Wisse, J., Wright, N. G., Impact of Wind and Storm on City Life and
Built Environment - Working Group 2 - CFD Techniques -
Computational Wind Engineering, Proceedings of the International
Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and Building Aerodynamics,
COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-Genèse,
Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[3] Yoshie, R., Mochida, A., Tominaga, Y., Kataoka, H., Harimoto, K.,
Nozu, T., Shirasawa, T., Cooperative Project for CFD Prediction of
Pedestrian Wind Environment in the Architectural Institute of Japan,
Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 95 (2007)
1551-1578;
[4] Franke, J., Hirsch, C., Jensen, A. G., Krus, H. W., Schatzmann, M.,
Westbury, P. S., Miles, S. D., Wisse, J. A., Wright, N. G.,
Recommendations on the Use of CFD in Wind Engineering, Proceedings
of the International Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and
Building Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute,
Rhode-Saint-Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[5] Stathopoulos, T., Wind Effects on People, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and Building
Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-
Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[6] Ozmen, Y., Van Beeck, J. P. A. J., Baydar, E., The Turbulent Flow over
Three Dimensional Roof Modles Immersed in an Atmospheric Boundary
Layer, Proceedings of the International Conference on Urban Wind
Engineering and Building Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von
Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[7] Dalgliesh, W. A., Wind Loads on Low Buildings, Division of Building
Research, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, January 1981;
[8] http://www.vki.ac.be/;
[9] Parmentier, B., Hoxey, R., Buchlin, J. M., Corieri, P., The Assessment of
Full Scale Experimental Methods for Measuring Wind Effects on Low
Rise Buildings, COST Action C14, Impact of Wind and Storm on City
Life and Built Environment, June 3-4, 2002, Nantes, France;
[10] Counihan, J., An Improved Method of Simulating an Atmospheric
Boundary Layer in a Wind Tunnel, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 3 (1969), pp.
197-214;
[11] http://www.vki.ac.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id
=60:low-speed-wind-tunnel-l-2b&catid=48:low-speed-windtunnels&
Itemid=151.
[1] Blocken, B., Carmeliet, J., Pedestrian Wind Environment around
Buildings: Literature Review and Practical Examples, Journal of
Thermal Envelope and Building Science, Oct 2004, 28: 107-159;
[2] Jensen, A. G., Franke, J., Hirsch, C., Schatzmann, M., Stathopoulos, T.,
Wisse, J., Wright, N. G., Impact of Wind and Storm on City Life and
Built Environment - Working Group 2 - CFD Techniques -
Computational Wind Engineering, Proceedings of the International
Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and Building Aerodynamics,
COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-Genèse,
Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[3] Yoshie, R., Mochida, A., Tominaga, Y., Kataoka, H., Harimoto, K.,
Nozu, T., Shirasawa, T., Cooperative Project for CFD Prediction of
Pedestrian Wind Environment in the Architectural Institute of Japan,
Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 95 (2007)
1551-1578;
[4] Franke, J., Hirsch, C., Jensen, A. G., Krus, H. W., Schatzmann, M.,
Westbury, P. S., Miles, S. D., Wisse, J. A., Wright, N. G.,
Recommendations on the Use of CFD in Wind Engineering, Proceedings
of the International Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and
Building Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute,
Rhode-Saint-Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[5] Stathopoulos, T., Wind Effects on People, Proceedings of the
International Conference on Urban Wind Engineering and Building
Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-
Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[6] Ozmen, Y., Van Beeck, J. P. A. J., Baydar, E., The Turbulent Flow over
Three Dimensional Roof Modles Immersed in an Atmospheric Boundary
Layer, Proceedings of the International Conference on Urban Wind
Engineering and Building Aerodynamics, COST Action C14, Von
Karman Institute, Rhode-Saint-Genèse, Belgium, May 5-7, 2004;
[7] Dalgliesh, W. A., Wind Loads on Low Buildings, Division of Building
Research, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, January 1981;
[8] http://www.vki.ac.be/;
[9] Parmentier, B., Hoxey, R., Buchlin, J. M., Corieri, P., The Assessment of
Full Scale Experimental Methods for Measuring Wind Effects on Low
Rise Buildings, COST Action C14, Impact of Wind and Storm on City
Life and Built Environment, June 3-4, 2002, Nantes, France;
[10] Counihan, J., An Improved Method of Simulating an Atmospheric
Boundary Layer in a Wind Tunnel, Atmos. Environ., Vol. 3 (1969), pp.
197-214;
[11] http://www.vki.ac.be/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id
=60:low-speed-wind-tunnel-l-2b&catid=48:low-speed-windtunnels&
Itemid=151.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:62434", author = "Marco Raciti Castelli and Alberto Castelli and Ernesto Benini", title = "Modeling Strategy and Numerical Validation of the Turbulent Flow over a two-Dimensional Flat Roof", abstract = "The construction of a civil structure inside a urban
area inevitably modifies the outdoor microclimate at the building
site. Wind speed, wind direction, air pollution, driving rain, radiation
and daylight are some of the main physical aspects that are subjected
to the major changes. The quantitative amount of these modifications
depends on the shape, size and orientation of the building and on its
interaction with the surrounding environment.The flow field over a
flat roof model building has been numerically investigated in order to
determine two-dimensional CFD guidelines for the calculation of the
turbulent flow over a structure immersed in an atmospheric boundary
layer. To this purpose, a complete validation campaign has been
performed through a systematic comparison of numerical simulations
with wind tunnel experimental data.Several turbulence models and
spatial node distributions have been tested for five different vertical
positions, respectively from the upstream leading edge to the
downstream bottom edge of the analyzed model. Flow field
characteristics in the neighborhood of the building model have been
numerically investigated, allowing a quantification of the capabilities
of the CFD code to predict the flow separation and the extension of
the recirculation regions.The proposed calculations have allowed the
development of a preliminary procedure to be used as a guidance in
selecting the appropriate grid configuration and corresponding
turbulence model for the prediction of the flow field over a twodimensional
roof architecture dominated by flow separation.", keywords = "CFD, roof, building, wind.", volume = "5", number = "7", pages = "1489-7", }