Lateral expansion is a factor defining the level of
confinement in reinforced concrete columns. Therefore, predicting
the lateral strain relationship with axial strain becomes an important
issue. Measuring lateral strains in experiments is difficult and only
few report experimental lateral strains. Among the existing analytical
formulations, two recent models are compared with available test
results in this paper with shortcomings highlighted. A new analytical
model is proposed here for lateral strain axial strain relationship and
is based on the supposition that the concrete behaves linear elastic in
the early stages of loading and then nonlinear hardening up to the
peak stress and then volumetric expansion. The proposal for the
lateral strain axial strain relationship after the peak stress is mainly
based on the hypothesis that the plastic lateral strain varies linearly
with the plastic axial strain and it is shown that this is related to the
lateral confinement level.
[1] Cusson, D. and P. Paultre, Stress-strain model for confined highstrength
concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1995. 121: p. 468.
[2] Ahmad, S. and S. Shah, Stress-strain curves of concrete confined by
spiral reinforcement. ACI Journal, 1982. 79(6): p. 484-490.
[3] Talaat, M. and K. Mosalam, Computational modeling of progressive
collapse in reinforced concrete frame structures. 2007: University of
California, Berkeley.
[4] Lokuge, W., J. Sanjayan, and S. Setunge, Stress-Strain Model for
Laterally Confined Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,
2005. 17: p. 607.
[5] Attard, M. and S. Setunge, Stress-strain relationship of confined and
unconfined concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 1996. 93(5).
[6] Imran, I. and S. Pantazopoulou, Experimental study of plain concrete
under triaxial stress. ACI Materials Journal, 1996. 93(6): p. 589-601.
[7] Binici, B., An analytical model for stress-strain behavior of confined
concrete. Engineering structures, 2005. 27(7): p. 1040-1051.
[8] Imran, I., Applications of non-associated plasticity in modeling the
mechanical response of concrete. University of Toronto, 1994.
[9] Willam, K., B. Hurlbut, and S. Sture, Experimental and constitutive
aspects of concrete failure. Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced
Concrete Structures (Proceedings of the Seminar sponsored by the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the U.S. National
Science Foundation), 1986: p. 226-254.
[10] Hurlbut, B., Experimental and computational investigation of strainsoftening
in concrete. 1985, University of Colorado.
[11] Samani, A. and M. Attard, A Stress-Strain Model For Uniaxial
Compression And Triaxially Confined Plain Concrete Incorporating
Size Effect, in UNICIV Report R-457. 2010, The University of New
South Wales, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Kensington,Sydney, Australia.
[12] Candappa, D., J. Sanjayan, and S. Setunge, Complete triaxial stress-
strain curves of high-strength concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil
Engineering, 2001. 13: p. 209.
[13] Jamet, P., A. Millard, and G. Nahas, Triaxial behaviour of microconcrete
complete stress-strain curves for confining pressures ranging
from 0 to 100 MPa. RILEM-CEB International conference concrete
under multiaxial conditions, 1984. 1: p. 133-140.
[14] Smith, S., et al., Concrete Over the Top--Or, is there Life After Peak?
ACI Materials Journal, 1989. 86(5).
[15] Lu, X. and C. Hsu, Stress-Strain Relations of High-Strength Concrete
under Triaxial Compression. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,
2007. 19: p. 261.
[16] Newman, J., Concrete under complex stress, in Developments in
Concrete Technology-I, F. Lydon, Editor. 1979. p. 151-219.
[1] Cusson, D. and P. Paultre, Stress-strain model for confined highstrength
concrete. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1995. 121: p. 468.
[2] Ahmad, S. and S. Shah, Stress-strain curves of concrete confined by
spiral reinforcement. ACI Journal, 1982. 79(6): p. 484-490.
[3] Talaat, M. and K. Mosalam, Computational modeling of progressive
collapse in reinforced concrete frame structures. 2007: University of
California, Berkeley.
[4] Lokuge, W., J. Sanjayan, and S. Setunge, Stress-Strain Model for
Laterally Confined Concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,
2005. 17: p. 607.
[5] Attard, M. and S. Setunge, Stress-strain relationship of confined and
unconfined concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 1996. 93(5).
[6] Imran, I. and S. Pantazopoulou, Experimental study of plain concrete
under triaxial stress. ACI Materials Journal, 1996. 93(6): p. 589-601.
[7] Binici, B., An analytical model for stress-strain behavior of confined
concrete. Engineering structures, 2005. 27(7): p. 1040-1051.
[8] Imran, I., Applications of non-associated plasticity in modeling the
mechanical response of concrete. University of Toronto, 1994.
[9] Willam, K., B. Hurlbut, and S. Sture, Experimental and constitutive
aspects of concrete failure. Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced
Concrete Structures (Proceedings of the Seminar sponsored by the
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the U.S. National
Science Foundation), 1986: p. 226-254.
[10] Hurlbut, B., Experimental and computational investigation of strainsoftening
in concrete. 1985, University of Colorado.
[11] Samani, A. and M. Attard, A Stress-Strain Model For Uniaxial
Compression And Triaxially Confined Plain Concrete Incorporating
Size Effect, in UNICIV Report R-457. 2010, The University of New
South Wales, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Kensington,Sydney, Australia.
[12] Candappa, D., J. Sanjayan, and S. Setunge, Complete triaxial stress-
strain curves of high-strength concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil
Engineering, 2001. 13: p. 209.
[13] Jamet, P., A. Millard, and G. Nahas, Triaxial behaviour of microconcrete
complete stress-strain curves for confining pressures ranging
from 0 to 100 MPa. RILEM-CEB International conference concrete
under multiaxial conditions, 1984. 1: p. 133-140.
[14] Smith, S., et al., Concrete Over the Top--Or, is there Life After Peak?
ACI Materials Journal, 1989. 86(5).
[15] Lu, X. and C. Hsu, Stress-Strain Relations of High-Strength Concrete
under Triaxial Compression. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering,
2007. 19: p. 261.
[16] Newman, J., Concrete under complex stress, in Developments in
Concrete Technology-I, F. Lydon, Editor. 1979. p. 151-219.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:62839", author = "Ali Khajeh Samani and Mario M. Attard", title = "Lateral Behavior of Concrete", abstract = "Lateral expansion is a factor defining the level of
confinement in reinforced concrete columns. Therefore, predicting
the lateral strain relationship with axial strain becomes an important
issue. Measuring lateral strains in experiments is difficult and only
few report experimental lateral strains. Among the existing analytical
formulations, two recent models are compared with available test
results in this paper with shortcomings highlighted. A new analytical
model is proposed here for lateral strain axial strain relationship and
is based on the supposition that the concrete behaves linear elastic in
the early stages of loading and then nonlinear hardening up to the
peak stress and then volumetric expansion. The proposal for the
lateral strain axial strain relationship after the peak stress is mainly
based on the hypothesis that the plastic lateral strain varies linearly
with the plastic axial strain and it is shown that this is related to the
lateral confinement level.", keywords = "Confined Concrete, Lateral Strain, Triaxial test, Postpeak behavior", volume = "5", number = "11", pages = "638-6", }