Influence of Flexural Reinforcement on the Shear Strength of RC Beams without Stirrups
Numerical investigations were conducted to study the
influence of flexural reinforcement ratio on the diagonal cracking
strength and ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC)
beams without stirrups. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element
analyses (FEAs) of the beams with flexural reinforcement ratios
ranging from 0.58% to 2.20% subjected to a mid-span concentrated
load were carried out. It is observed that the load-deflection and loadstrain
curves obtained from the numerical analyses agree with those
obtained from the experiments. It is concluded that flexural
reinforcement ratio has a significant effect on the shear strength and
deflection capacity of RC beams without stirrups. The predictions of
diagonal cracking strength and ultimate shear strength of beams
obtained by using the equations defined by a number of codes and
researchers are compared with each other and with the experimental
values.
[1] G. Arslan, “Shear strength of reinforced concrete slender beams”,
Proceedings of the ICE – Structures and Buildings, vol. 163, no. 3, pp.
195-205, June 2010.
[2] G. Arslan, “Cracking shear strength of RC slender beams without
stirrups”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 14, no. 3,
pp. 177-182, 2008.
[3] M. P. Collins, and D. A. Kuchma, “How safe are our large, lightly
reinforced concrete beams, slabs, and footings?”, ACI Structural
Journal, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 482-490, July 1999.
[4] P. D. Zararis, and G. C. Papadakis, “Diagonal shear failure and size
effect in RC beams without web reinforcement”, ASCE Journal of
Structural Engineering, vol. 127, no. 7, pp. 733-742, July 2001.
[5] TS-500, Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced
Concrete Structures, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara, Turkey, 2000
(in Turkish).
[6] ACI Committee 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-M11) and Commentary, American Concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2011.
[7] NZS 3101, New Zealand Standard Code of Practice for the Design of
Concrete Structures, Standard Association of New Zealand , Wellington,
New Zealand, 1995.
[8] Eurocode 2, Design of Concrete Structures, Part 1-1: General rules and
rules for buildings, CEN, Brussels, 2004.
[9] Comité Euro-International du Béton, CEB-FIP Model Code 2010,
Lausaane, Switzerland, 2010.
[10] British Standards Institution, BS8110 Structural Use of Concrete, Part 1,
Code of Practice for Design and Construction, London, 1997.
[11] T. C. Zsutty, “Shear strength prediction for separate categories of simple
beam tests”, ACI Journal Proceedings, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 138–143, Feb.
1971.
[12] H. Okamura, and T. Higai, “Proposed design equation for shear strength
of RC beams without web reinforcement”, Proceedings of the Japan
Society of Civil Engineering, vol. 1980, no. 300, pp. 131–141, 1980.
[13] Z. P. Bazant, and H. H. Sun, “Size effect in diagonal shear failure:
influence of aggregate size and stirrups”, ACI Materials Journal, vol.
84, no. 4, pp. 259-272, July 1987.
[14] J. K. Kim, and Y. D., Park, “Prediction of shear strength of reinforced
concrete beams without web reinforcement”, ACI Materials Journal,
vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 213-222, May 1996.
[15] K. S., Rebeiz, “Shear strength prediction for concrete member”, ASCE
Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 301–308, Mar.
1999.
[16] M. Khuntia, and B. Stojadinovic, “Shear strength of reinforced concrete
beams without transverse reinforcement”, ACI Structural Journal, vol.
98, no. 5, pp. 648–656, Sep. 2001.
[17] A. Cladera, and A. R. Marí, “Shear design procedure for reinforced
normal and high-strength concrete beams using artificial neural
networks. Part I: beams without stirrups”, Engineering Structures, vol.
26, no. 7, pp. 917–926, June 2004.
[18] J. K. Kim, and Y. D., Park, “Shear strength of reinforced high strength
concrete beams without stirrups”, Magazine of Concrete Research, vol.
46, no. 166, pp. 7–16, Mar. 1994.
[19] R. V. Rodrigues, A. Muttoni, and M. F. Ruiz, “Influence of shear on
rotation capacity of reinforced concrete members without shear
reinforcement”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 107, no. 5, pp. 516-525,
Sep. 2010.
[20] J. Y. Lee, and U. Y. Kim, “Effect of longitudinal tensile reinforcement
ratio and shear span-depth ratio on minimum shear reinforcement in
beams”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 134-144, Mar.
2008.
[21] CSA Committee A23.3, Design of Concrete Structures CSA-A23.3-04,
Canadian Standards Association, Ontario, Canada, 2004.
[22] Z. Omeman, M. Nehdi, and H. El-Chabib, “Experimental study on shear
behavior of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete short
beams without web reinforcement”, Canadian Journal of Civil
Engineering, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 1–10, Jan. 2008.
[23] A. S. Lubell, E.C. Bentz, and M. P. Collins, “Influence of longitudinal
reinforcement on one-way shear in slabs and wide beams”, ASCE
Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 78-87, Jan. 2009.
[24] E. Garip, Shear strength of reinforced concrete beams without stirrups,
MSc Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011 (in
Turkish).
[25] SIA Code 262 for Concrete Structures, Swiss Society of Engineers and
Architects, Zürich, Switzerland, 2003.
[26] C. Bedard, and M. D. Kotsovos, “Fracture process of concrete for
NLFEA methods”, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 112,
no. 3, pp. 573–587, Mar. 1986.
[27] Z. P. Bazant, and B. Oh, “Crack band theory for fracture of concrete”,
Materials and Structures, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 155–177, May 1983.
[28] A. Muttoni, and M. Fernandez Ruiz, “Shear strength of members
without transverse reinforcement as a function of the critical shear crack
width”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 105, no.2, pp. 163-172, Mar. 2008.
[1] G. Arslan, “Shear strength of reinforced concrete slender beams”,
Proceedings of the ICE – Structures and Buildings, vol. 163, no. 3, pp.
195-205, June 2010.
[2] G. Arslan, “Cracking shear strength of RC slender beams without
stirrups”, Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, vol. 14, no. 3,
pp. 177-182, 2008.
[3] M. P. Collins, and D. A. Kuchma, “How safe are our large, lightly
reinforced concrete beams, slabs, and footings?”, ACI Structural
Journal, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 482-490, July 1999.
[4] P. D. Zararis, and G. C. Papadakis, “Diagonal shear failure and size
effect in RC beams without web reinforcement”, ASCE Journal of
Structural Engineering, vol. 127, no. 7, pp. 733-742, July 2001.
[5] TS-500, Requirements for Design and Construction of Reinforced
Concrete Structures, Turkish Standards Institute, Ankara, Turkey, 2000
(in Turkish).
[6] ACI Committee 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-M11) and Commentary, American Concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2011.
[7] NZS 3101, New Zealand Standard Code of Practice for the Design of
Concrete Structures, Standard Association of New Zealand , Wellington,
New Zealand, 1995.
[8] Eurocode 2, Design of Concrete Structures, Part 1-1: General rules and
rules for buildings, CEN, Brussels, 2004.
[9] Comité Euro-International du Béton, CEB-FIP Model Code 2010,
Lausaane, Switzerland, 2010.
[10] British Standards Institution, BS8110 Structural Use of Concrete, Part 1,
Code of Practice for Design and Construction, London, 1997.
[11] T. C. Zsutty, “Shear strength prediction for separate categories of simple
beam tests”, ACI Journal Proceedings, vol. 68, no. 2, pp. 138–143, Feb.
1971.
[12] H. Okamura, and T. Higai, “Proposed design equation for shear strength
of RC beams without web reinforcement”, Proceedings of the Japan
Society of Civil Engineering, vol. 1980, no. 300, pp. 131–141, 1980.
[13] Z. P. Bazant, and H. H. Sun, “Size effect in diagonal shear failure:
influence of aggregate size and stirrups”, ACI Materials Journal, vol.
84, no. 4, pp. 259-272, July 1987.
[14] J. K. Kim, and Y. D., Park, “Prediction of shear strength of reinforced
concrete beams without web reinforcement”, ACI Materials Journal,
vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 213-222, May 1996.
[15] K. S., Rebeiz, “Shear strength prediction for concrete member”, ASCE
Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 301–308, Mar.
1999.
[16] M. Khuntia, and B. Stojadinovic, “Shear strength of reinforced concrete
beams without transverse reinforcement”, ACI Structural Journal, vol.
98, no. 5, pp. 648–656, Sep. 2001.
[17] A. Cladera, and A. R. Marí, “Shear design procedure for reinforced
normal and high-strength concrete beams using artificial neural
networks. Part I: beams without stirrups”, Engineering Structures, vol.
26, no. 7, pp. 917–926, June 2004.
[18] J. K. Kim, and Y. D., Park, “Shear strength of reinforced high strength
concrete beams without stirrups”, Magazine of Concrete Research, vol.
46, no. 166, pp. 7–16, Mar. 1994.
[19] R. V. Rodrigues, A. Muttoni, and M. F. Ruiz, “Influence of shear on
rotation capacity of reinforced concrete members without shear
reinforcement”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 107, no. 5, pp. 516-525,
Sep. 2010.
[20] J. Y. Lee, and U. Y. Kim, “Effect of longitudinal tensile reinforcement
ratio and shear span-depth ratio on minimum shear reinforcement in
beams”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 134-144, Mar.
2008.
[21] CSA Committee A23.3, Design of Concrete Structures CSA-A23.3-04,
Canadian Standards Association, Ontario, Canada, 2004.
[22] Z. Omeman, M. Nehdi, and H. El-Chabib, “Experimental study on shear
behavior of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete short
beams without web reinforcement”, Canadian Journal of Civil
Engineering, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 1–10, Jan. 2008.
[23] A. S. Lubell, E.C. Bentz, and M. P. Collins, “Influence of longitudinal
reinforcement on one-way shear in slabs and wide beams”, ASCE
Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 78-87, Jan. 2009.
[24] E. Garip, Shear strength of reinforced concrete beams without stirrups,
MSc Thesis, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011 (in
Turkish).
[25] SIA Code 262 for Concrete Structures, Swiss Society of Engineers and
Architects, Zürich, Switzerland, 2003.
[26] C. Bedard, and M. D. Kotsovos, “Fracture process of concrete for
NLFEA methods”, ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 112,
no. 3, pp. 573–587, Mar. 1986.
[27] Z. P. Bazant, and B. Oh, “Crack band theory for fracture of concrete”,
Materials and Structures, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 155–177, May 1983.
[28] A. Muttoni, and M. Fernandez Ruiz, “Shear strength of members
without transverse reinforcement as a function of the critical shear crack
width”, ACI Structural Journal, vol. 105, no.2, pp. 163-172, Mar. 2008.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:70534", author = "Guray Arslan and Riza S. O. Keskin", title = "Influence of Flexural Reinforcement on the Shear Strength of RC Beams without Stirrups", abstract = "Numerical investigations were conducted to study the
influence of flexural reinforcement ratio on the diagonal cracking
strength and ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC)
beams without stirrups. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element
analyses (FEAs) of the beams with flexural reinforcement ratios
ranging from 0.58% to 2.20% subjected to a mid-span concentrated
load were carried out. It is observed that the load-deflection and loadstrain
curves obtained from the numerical analyses agree with those
obtained from the experiments. It is concluded that flexural
reinforcement ratio has a significant effect on the shear strength and
deflection capacity of RC beams without stirrups. The predictions of
diagonal cracking strength and ultimate shear strength of beams
obtained by using the equations defined by a number of codes and
researchers are compared with each other and with the experimental
values.", keywords = "Finite element, flexural reinforcement, reinforced
concrete beam, shear strength.", volume = "9", number = "8", pages = "1036-6", }