Some regularities of formation of a new structural
state of the thermoplastic polymers - gradually oriented (stretched)
state (GOS) are discussed. Transition into GOS is realized by the
graded oriented stretching - by action of inhomogeneous mechanical
field on the isotropic linear polymers or by zone stretching that is
implemented on a standard tensile-testing machine with using a
specially designed zone stretching device (ZSD). Both technical
approaches (especially zone stretching method) allows to manage the
such quantitative parameters of gradually oriented polymers as a
range of change in relative elongation/orientation degree, length of
this change and profile (linear, hyperbolic, parabolic, logarithmic,
etc.). The possibility of obtaining functionally graded materials
(FGMs) by graded orientation method is briefly discussed. Uniaxial
graded stretching method should be considered as an effective
technological solution to create polymer materials with a
predetermined gradient of physical properties.
[1] Structure and Properties of Oriented Polymers. I. M. Ward, Ed.
Springer, 2012.
[2] Oriented Polymer Materials. S. Fakirov, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
[3] “Oriented state,” in Encyclopedia of Polymers, vol. 2, V. Kabanov, Ed.
Moscow, 1974, pp. 515–528.
[4] L. Nadareishvili, “Fabrication method and investigation of polymer
films with a specified gradient of birefringence,” Georgian Engineering
news, vol. 2, pp. 73-77, 2001, (in Georgian).
[5] N. Lekishvili, L. Nadareishvili, G. E. Zaikov, and L. Khananashvili,
New Concepts in Polymer Science. Polymers and Polymeric Materials
for Fiber and Gradient Optics. J. S. Vygodsky, Sh. A. Samsonia, Eds.
VSP, Utrecht, Boston, Koln, Tokyo, 2002.
[6] L. Nadareishvili, Sh. Gvatua, Y. Blagidze, and G. E. Zaikov, “GB–
optics – a new direction of gradient optics,” J. of Appl. Polym. Science,
vol. 91, pp. 489–493, 2004.
[7] L. Nadareishvili, N. Lekishvili, and C. E. Zaikov, “Polymer media with
gradient of the optical properties,” in Modern Advanced in Organic and
Inorganic Chemistry, G.E. Zaikov, Ed. Nova Science Publ., New York,
2005, pp. 31–134.
[8] L. Nadareishvili, Sh. Gvatua, N. Topuridze, Y. Blagidze, L. Sharashidze,
et al. “Polarization properties of polymer films with a gradient of
birefringence,” Optical Society, St. Petersburg, vol. 10, pp. 12 – 18,
2005 (in Russian).
[9] L. Nadareishvili, R. Bakuradze, and N. Topuridze, “Some regularities of
polymer gradient orientation in inhomogeneous mechanical field,”
Proceedings of the Georgian National Academy of Science, Chemical
Series, vol. 36, pp.197–200, 2010 (in Georgian).
[10] L. Nadareishvili, R. Bakuradze, N. Topuridze, T. Nakaidze, I.
Pavlenishvili, et al, “Some regularities of gradient orientation of
polymers in heterogeneous mechanical field,” Georgian Chemical
Journal, vol. 11, pp. 281–283, 2011 (in Russian).
[11] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanide, N. Lekishvili, N. Topuridze, M.
Kozlovski, and G. Zaikov, “Gradiently oriented state of linear polymers:
formation and investigation,” Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,
No. 556, pp. 52–56, 2012.
[12] L. Nadareishvili, V. Akhobadze, Sh. Gvatua, N. Topuridze, L.
Sharashidze, et al. “Device for stretching polymer films,” Georgian
Patent, P 2992, 2003.
[13] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanidze, and G. Chelidze, “Polymeric films
deformation method,” Georgian Patent, P 4182, 2007.
[14] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanidze, I. Skhirtladze, G. Chelidze, V.
Akhobadze, et al, “Device for stretching polymer films,” Georgian
Patent, P 4398, 2008.
[15] L. Nadareishvili. “Nadareishvili’s device for stretching the polymer
samples,” Innovation application # AP 013456, Georgia.
[16] Y. Miyamoto, Functionally Graded Materials: Design, Processing and
Applications. Springer, US, 1999.
[17] Functionally Graded Materials. N. J. Reinolds, Ed. Nova Science Publ,
New-York, 2011.
[18] J. Sobczak and L. Drenchev, Functionally Graded Materials. Processing
and Modeling. Warsaw, 2009.
[19] L. Nadareishvili, J. Aneli, A. Akhalkatsi, M. Bolotashvili, and G.
Basilaia, “Composites with Gradient of electric and magnetic
properties,” Problems of Mechanics, vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 78-84, 2014.
[1] Structure and Properties of Oriented Polymers. I. M. Ward, Ed.
Springer, 2012.
[2] Oriented Polymer Materials. S. Fakirov, Ed. John Wiley & Sons, 2008.
[3] “Oriented state,” in Encyclopedia of Polymers, vol. 2, V. Kabanov, Ed.
Moscow, 1974, pp. 515–528.
[4] L. Nadareishvili, “Fabrication method and investigation of polymer
films with a specified gradient of birefringence,” Georgian Engineering
news, vol. 2, pp. 73-77, 2001, (in Georgian).
[5] N. Lekishvili, L. Nadareishvili, G. E. Zaikov, and L. Khananashvili,
New Concepts in Polymer Science. Polymers and Polymeric Materials
for Fiber and Gradient Optics. J. S. Vygodsky, Sh. A. Samsonia, Eds.
VSP, Utrecht, Boston, Koln, Tokyo, 2002.
[6] L. Nadareishvili, Sh. Gvatua, Y. Blagidze, and G. E. Zaikov, “GB–
optics – a new direction of gradient optics,” J. of Appl. Polym. Science,
vol. 91, pp. 489–493, 2004.
[7] L. Nadareishvili, N. Lekishvili, and C. E. Zaikov, “Polymer media with
gradient of the optical properties,” in Modern Advanced in Organic and
Inorganic Chemistry, G.E. Zaikov, Ed. Nova Science Publ., New York,
2005, pp. 31–134.
[8] L. Nadareishvili, Sh. Gvatua, N. Topuridze, Y. Blagidze, L. Sharashidze,
et al. “Polarization properties of polymer films with a gradient of
birefringence,” Optical Society, St. Petersburg, vol. 10, pp. 12 – 18,
2005 (in Russian).
[9] L. Nadareishvili, R. Bakuradze, and N. Topuridze, “Some regularities of
polymer gradient orientation in inhomogeneous mechanical field,”
Proceedings of the Georgian National Academy of Science, Chemical
Series, vol. 36, pp.197–200, 2010 (in Georgian).
[10] L. Nadareishvili, R. Bakuradze, N. Topuridze, T. Nakaidze, I.
Pavlenishvili, et al, “Some regularities of gradient orientation of
polymers in heterogeneous mechanical field,” Georgian Chemical
Journal, vol. 11, pp. 281–283, 2011 (in Russian).
[11] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanide, N. Lekishvili, N. Topuridze, M.
Kozlovski, and G. Zaikov, “Gradiently oriented state of linear polymers:
formation and investigation,” Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals,
No. 556, pp. 52–56, 2012.
[12] L. Nadareishvili, V. Akhobadze, Sh. Gvatua, N. Topuridze, L.
Sharashidze, et al. “Device for stretching polymer films,” Georgian
Patent, P 2992, 2003.
[13] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanidze, and G. Chelidze, “Polymeric films
deformation method,” Georgian Patent, P 4182, 2007.
[14] L. Nadareishvili, Z. Wardosanidze, I. Skhirtladze, G. Chelidze, V.
Akhobadze, et al, “Device for stretching polymer films,” Georgian
Patent, P 4398, 2008.
[15] L. Nadareishvili. “Nadareishvili’s device for stretching the polymer
samples,” Innovation application # AP 013456, Georgia.
[16] Y. Miyamoto, Functionally Graded Materials: Design, Processing and
Applications. Springer, US, 1999.
[17] Functionally Graded Materials. N. J. Reinolds, Ed. Nova Science Publ,
New-York, 2011.
[18] J. Sobczak and L. Drenchev, Functionally Graded Materials. Processing
and Modeling. Warsaw, 2009.
[19] L. Nadareishvili, J. Aneli, A. Akhalkatsi, M. Bolotashvili, and G.
Basilaia, “Composites with Gradient of electric and magnetic
properties,” Problems of Mechanics, vol. 57, No. 4, pp. 78-84, 2014.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:69001", author = "Levan Nadareishvili and Roland Bakuradze and Barbara Kilosanidze and Nona Topuridze and Liana Sharashidze and Ineza Pavlenishvili", title = "Graded Orientation of the Linear Polymers", abstract = "Some regularities of formation of a new structural
state of the thermoplastic polymers - gradually oriented (stretched)
state (GOS) are discussed. Transition into GOS is realized by the
graded oriented stretching - by action of inhomogeneous mechanical
field on the isotropic linear polymers or by zone stretching that is
implemented on a standard tensile-testing machine with using a
specially designed zone stretching device (ZSD). Both technical
approaches (especially zone stretching method) allows to manage the
such quantitative parameters of gradually oriented polymers as a
range of change in relative elongation/orientation degree, length of
this change and profile (linear, hyperbolic, parabolic, logarithmic,
etc.). The possibility of obtaining functionally graded materials
(FGMs) by graded orientation method is briefly discussed. Uniaxial
graded stretching method should be considered as an effective
technological solution to create polymer materials with a
predetermined gradient of physical properties.
", keywords = "Controlled graded stretching, gradually oriented
state, linear polymers, zone stretching device.", volume = "9", number = "2", pages = "251-6", }
