Gonadotoxic and Cytotoxic Effect of Induced obesity via Monosodium Glutamate on Mus musculus Testis Cytoarchitecture and Sperm Parameter
Impaired fertility may be the result of indirect
consumption of anti-fertility agents through food. Monosodium
glutamate (MSG) has been widely used as food additive, flavour
enhancer and included in vaccines. This study focuses in determining
the gonadotoxic and cytotoxic effect of MSG on selected sperm
parameters such as sperm viability, sperm membrane integrity and
testes cytoarchitecture of male mice via histological examination to
determine its effect on spermatogenesis. Twenty-four Mus musculus
were randomly divided into 4 groups and given intraperitoneal
injections (IP) daily for 14 days of different MSG concentrations at
250, 500 and 1000mg/kg MSG to body weight to induce obesity.
Saline was given to control group. Mice were sacrificed and analysis
revealed abnormalities in values for sperm parameters and damages
to testes cytoarchitecture of male mice. The results recorded
decreased viability (p<0.05) and integrity of sperm membrane
(p>0.05) with degenerative structures in seminiferous tubule of
testes. The results indicated various implications of MSG on male
mice reproductive system which has consequences in fertility
potential.
[1] Ghosh, S.K., Bhattacharya, T. and Bhakta, A. (2011). "Long term effect
of monosodium glutamate in liver of albino mice after neo-natal
exposure”. Nepal Medicine College Journal, 13(1): 11-16.
[2] John, E. (2006). "A report on the toxic effects of the food additive
monosodium glutamate”. FAO/WHO Expert Committee.
[3] Zai, H., Kusano, M., Hosaka, H., Shimoyama, Y., Nagoshi, A., Maeda,
M. and Mori, K.O. (2009). "Monosodium glutamate added to a high
energy, high protein liquid diet promotes gastric emptying”. American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89: 431-435.
[4] CDC (Centre for Disease Control and Prevention): "Vaccines and
Immunizations”. Retrieved 25 June 2014. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/
pubs/pinkbook/downloads/appendices/B/excipient-table-2.pdf
[5] Henneberry, R.C. (2006). "Monosodium glutamate a multibillion dollar
flavor enhancer”. Biomedicine Pharmacother, 60: 86-91.
[6] Das, R.S. and Ghosh, S.K. (2011). "Long term effects in ovaries of the
adult mice following exposure to monosodium glutamate during
neonatal life: A histological study”. Nepal Medicine College Journal,
13(2): 77-83.
[7] Moore, K.L. (2003). "Congenital malformations due to environment in
developing humans”. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B Saunders Co. Ltd., 173-
183pp.
[8] Igwebuike, U.M., Ochiogu, I.S., Ihedinihu, B.C., Ikokide, J.E. and Idika,
I.K. (2011). "The effect of oral administration of Monosodium
Glutamate (MSG) on the testiscular morphology and cauda epididymal
sperm reseves of young and adult male rats”. Veterinarski Archive, 81:
525-534.
[9] Novelli, E. L. B., Diniz, Y. S., Galhardi, C. M., Ebaid, G. M. X.,
Rodrigues, H. G., Mani, F., ... & Novelli Filho, J. L. V. B. (2007).
"Anthropometrical parameters and markers of obesity in rats”.
Laboratory animals, 41(1), 111-119.
[10] Barnard, L. and Aston, K. (Eds) (2012). "Spermatogenesis:Method and
protocol”. In S. I. Librach, Methods of sperm vitality assesment
Toronto,Canada: Humana Press, 927: 13-19pp.
[11] World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and
Research. (2010). "WHO laboratory manual for the examination and
processing of human semen” (5th ed.) 287 pages. Geneva, Switzerland:
WHO Press.
[12] Watson, P. F. (2000). "The causes of reduced fertility of cryopreserved
semen”. Animal Reproductive Science, 60/61: 481-482.
[13] Bjorndhal, L., Soderlund, I. and Kvist, U. (2003). "Evaluation of the
one-step eosin- nigrosin staining technique for human sperm vitality
assessment”. Human Reproduction, 18(4): 813-816.
[14] Bassiri, F, Tavalaee, M, and Nasr Esfahani, MH. "Correlation between
different patterns of hypo-osmotic swelling and sperm functional tests”.
Int J Fertil Steril. 2013; 7(3): 193-198.
[15] Moce, E. and Graham, J.K. (2008). "In vitro evaluation of sperm
quality”. Animal Reproduction Science, 105: 104-118.
[16] Eweka, A.O., Igbigbi, P.S. and Ucheya, R.E. (2011). "Histochemical
studies of the effects of monosodium glutamate on the liver of adult
wistar rats”. Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research,1;21-29.
[17] Ekaluo, U. B., Ikpeme, E. V., & Udokpoh, A. E. (2009). "Sperm head
abnormality and mutagenic effects of aspirin, paracetamol and caffeine
containing analgesics in rats”. The Internet Journal of Toxicology, 7(1),
1-9.
[18] Fransa, L.R., Suescun, M.O., and Miranda, J.R. (2005). "Testis structure
and function in a monogenetic hyperadipose rat model at prepubertal
and adult ages”. Endocrinology, 147(3), pp. 1556-1563.
[19] Hu, J.H., Yang, N., Ma Y.H., Jiang, J., Zhang, J.F., Fei, J. and Guo, L.H.
(2004). "Identification of glutamate transporters and receptors in mouse
testis”. Acta. Pharmacol. Sin., 25: 366-371.
[1] Ghosh, S.K., Bhattacharya, T. and Bhakta, A. (2011). "Long term effect
of monosodium glutamate in liver of albino mice after neo-natal
exposure”. Nepal Medicine College Journal, 13(1): 11-16.
[2] John, E. (2006). "A report on the toxic effects of the food additive
monosodium glutamate”. FAO/WHO Expert Committee.
[3] Zai, H., Kusano, M., Hosaka, H., Shimoyama, Y., Nagoshi, A., Maeda,
M. and Mori, K.O. (2009). "Monosodium glutamate added to a high
energy, high protein liquid diet promotes gastric emptying”. American
Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 89: 431-435.
[4] CDC (Centre for Disease Control and Prevention): "Vaccines and
Immunizations”. Retrieved 25 June 2014. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/
pubs/pinkbook/downloads/appendices/B/excipient-table-2.pdf
[5] Henneberry, R.C. (2006). "Monosodium glutamate a multibillion dollar
flavor enhancer”. Biomedicine Pharmacother, 60: 86-91.
[6] Das, R.S. and Ghosh, S.K. (2011). "Long term effects in ovaries of the
adult mice following exposure to monosodium glutamate during
neonatal life: A histological study”. Nepal Medicine College Journal,
13(2): 77-83.
[7] Moore, K.L. (2003). "Congenital malformations due to environment in
developing humans”. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: W.B Saunders Co. Ltd., 173-
183pp.
[8] Igwebuike, U.M., Ochiogu, I.S., Ihedinihu, B.C., Ikokide, J.E. and Idika,
I.K. (2011). "The effect of oral administration of Monosodium
Glutamate (MSG) on the testiscular morphology and cauda epididymal
sperm reseves of young and adult male rats”. Veterinarski Archive, 81:
525-534.
[9] Novelli, E. L. B., Diniz, Y. S., Galhardi, C. M., Ebaid, G. M. X.,
Rodrigues, H. G., Mani, F., ... & Novelli Filho, J. L. V. B. (2007).
"Anthropometrical parameters and markers of obesity in rats”.
Laboratory animals, 41(1), 111-119.
[10] Barnard, L. and Aston, K. (Eds) (2012). "Spermatogenesis:Method and
protocol”. In S. I. Librach, Methods of sperm vitality assesment
Toronto,Canada: Humana Press, 927: 13-19pp.
[11] World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and
Research. (2010). "WHO laboratory manual for the examination and
processing of human semen” (5th ed.) 287 pages. Geneva, Switzerland:
WHO Press.
[12] Watson, P. F. (2000). "The causes of reduced fertility of cryopreserved
semen”. Animal Reproductive Science, 60/61: 481-482.
[13] Bjorndhal, L., Soderlund, I. and Kvist, U. (2003). "Evaluation of the
one-step eosin- nigrosin staining technique for human sperm vitality
assessment”. Human Reproduction, 18(4): 813-816.
[14] Bassiri, F, Tavalaee, M, and Nasr Esfahani, MH. "Correlation between
different patterns of hypo-osmotic swelling and sperm functional tests”.
Int J Fertil Steril. 2013; 7(3): 193-198.
[15] Moce, E. and Graham, J.K. (2008). "In vitro evaluation of sperm
quality”. Animal Reproduction Science, 105: 104-118.
[16] Eweka, A.O., Igbigbi, P.S. and Ucheya, R.E. (2011). "Histochemical
studies of the effects of monosodium glutamate on the liver of adult
wistar rats”. Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research,1;21-29.
[17] Ekaluo, U. B., Ikpeme, E. V., & Udokpoh, A. E. (2009). "Sperm head
abnormality and mutagenic effects of aspirin, paracetamol and caffeine
containing analgesics in rats”. The Internet Journal of Toxicology, 7(1),
1-9.
[18] Fransa, L.R., Suescun, M.O., and Miranda, J.R. (2005). "Testis structure
and function in a monogenetic hyperadipose rat model at prepubertal
and adult ages”. Endocrinology, 147(3), pp. 1556-1563.
[19] Hu, J.H., Yang, N., Ma Y.H., Jiang, J., Zhang, J.F., Fei, J. and Guo, L.H.
(2004). "Identification of glutamate transporters and receptors in mouse
testis”. Acta. Pharmacol. Sin., 25: 366-371.
@article{"International Journal of Biological, Life and Agricultural Sciences:57226", author = "I. Nur Hilwani and R. Nasibah and S. Nurdiana and M. J. Norashirene", title = "Gonadotoxic and Cytotoxic Effect of Induced obesity via Monosodium Glutamate on Mus musculus Testis Cytoarchitecture and Sperm Parameter", abstract = "Impaired fertility may be the result of indirect
consumption of anti-fertility agents through food. Monosodium
glutamate (MSG) has been widely used as food additive, flavour
enhancer and included in vaccines. This study focuses in determining
the gonadotoxic and cytotoxic effect of MSG on selected sperm
parameters such as sperm viability, sperm membrane integrity and
testes cytoarchitecture of male mice via histological examination to
determine its effect on spermatogenesis. Twenty-four Mus musculus
were randomly divided into 4 groups and given intraperitoneal
injections (IP) daily for 14 days of different MSG concentrations at
250, 500 and 1000mg/kg MSG to body weight to induce obesity.
Saline was given to control group. Mice were sacrificed and analysis
revealed abnormalities in values for sperm parameters and damages
to testes cytoarchitecture of male mice. The results recorded
decreased viability (p0.05) with degenerative structures in seminiferous tubule of
testes. The results indicated various implications of MSG on male
mice reproductive system which has consequences in fertility
potential.
", keywords = "Sperm parameter, sperm viability, sperm membrane
integrity and testes histology.", volume = "8", number = "9", pages = "990-4", }
