Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials: An Overview
Friction Stir Welding is a solid state welding technique which can be used to produce sound welds between similar and dissimilar materials. Dissimilar welds which include welds between the different series of aluminium alloys, aluminium to magnesium, steel and titanium has been successfully produced by many researchers. This review covers the work conducted in the above mentioned materials and further concludes by showing the need to fully understand the FSW process in order to expand the latter industrially.
[1] W.M. Thomas, E.D. Nicholas, J.C. Needham, M.G. Murch, P. Temple-
Smith, C.J. Dawes, "Friction stir Butt Welding". International Patent
No. PCT/GB92/02203, 1991, GB patent application No. 9125978.8.
[2] A. Scialpi, M. De Giorgi, L.A.C. De Filippis, R. Nobile, F.W. Panella,
"Mechanical analysis of ultra-thin friction stir welding joined sheets
with dissimilar and similar materials", Materials and Design 29 (2008),
pp. 928-936.
[3] Rajiv S. Mishra and Murray W. Mahoney, "Friction Stir Welding and
Processing", 2007, ASM international, the materials information society.
[4] T. DebRoy and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, "Friction stir welding of
dissimilar alloys - a Perspective", Science and Technology of Welding
and Joining 2010, Vol 15 No 4, pp. 266- 270.
[5] R. Rai, A. De, H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia and T. DebRoy, "Review: friction
stir welding tools", Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,
2011, Vol 16 No 4, pp. 325- 342.
[6] M. Sivashanmugam, S. Ravikumar, T. Kumar, V. Seshagiri Rao, D.
Muruganandam, "A Review on Friction Stir Welding for Aluminum
Alloys", 978-1-4244-9082-0/10/$26.00 ┬®2010 IEEE, pp. 216 - 221.
[7] Z.Y. MA "Friction Stir Processing Technology: A Review"
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2008, Vol. 39A, pp. 642 -
658.
[8] V. Soundararajan, M. Valant and R. Kovacevic, "An Overview of R&D
Work in FrictionStir Welding at SMU"Association of Metallurgical
Engineers of Serbia (AMES), pp. 276 - 295.
[9] Bo Li, Yifu Shen, "A feasibility research on friction stir welding of a
new-typed lap-butt joint of dissimilar Al alloys" Materials and Design
34 (2012) , pp. 725-731.
[10] C. Leitão, R. Louro, D.M. Rodrigues, " Analysis of high temperature
plastic behaviour and its relation with weldability in friction stir welding
for aluminum alloys AA5083-H111 and AA6082-T6 Materials and
Design 37 (2012), pp. 402-409.
[11] J. Guo, P. Gougeon, X.-G. Chen, "Microstructure evolution and
mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded joints between
AA1100-B4C MMC and AA6063 alloy", Materials Science and
Engineering A 553 (2012) 149- 156.
[12] M. Koilraj, V. Sundareswaran, S. Vijayan, S.R. Koteswara Rao,
"Friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys AA2219 to AA5083
- Optimization of process parameters using Taguchi technique"
Materials and Design 42 (2012), pp. 1-7.
[13] R. Palanivel, P. Koshy Mathews, N. Murugan, I. Dinaharan, "Effect of
tool rotational speed and pin profile on microstructure and tensile
strength of dissimilar friction stir welded AA5083-H111 and AA6351-
T6 aluminum alloys", Materials and Design 40 (2012) , pp. 7-16.
[14] R. PalaniveI, P. Koshy Mathews, "Mechanical and microstructural
behaviour of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloy", IEEEInternational
Conference On Advances In Engineering, Science And
Management (ICAESM -2012) March 30, 31, 2012, pp. 7- 11.
[15] A.A.M. da Silva, E. Arruti, G. Janeiro, E. Aldanondo, P. Alvarez, A.
Echeverria, "Material flow and mechanical behaviour of dissimilar
AA2024-T3 and AA7075-T6 aluminum alloys friction stir welds",
Materials and Design 32 (2011) , pp. 2021-2027.
[16] H. Jamshidi Aval, S. Serajzadeh, A.H. Kokabi, "Evolution of
microstructures and mechanical properties in similar and dissimilar
friction stir welding of AA5086 and AA6061", Materials Science and
Engineering A 528 (2011), pp. 8071- 80853.
[17] Changbin Shen, Jiayan Zhang, Jiping Ge, "Microstructures and
electrochemical behaviors of the friction stir welding dissimilar weld",
Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2011, 23(Supplement) S32-S35.
[18] V.-X. Tran, J. Pan, T. Pan, "Fatigue behavior of spot friction welds in
lap-shear and cross-tension specimens of dissimilar aluminum sheets",
International Journal of Fatigue 32 (2010), pp. 1022-1041.
[19] T-S. Jun, K. Dragnevski, A.M. Korsunsky, "Microstructure, residual
strain, and eigenstrain analysis of dissimilar friction stir welds",
Materials and Design 31 (2010) , pp. S121-S125.
[20] M. Ghosh, K. Kumar, S.V. Kailas, A.K. Ray, "Optimization of friction
stir welding parameters for dissimilar aluminum alloys" Materials and
Design 31 (2010) , pp. 3033-3037.
[21] N. Shanmuga Sundaram, N. Murugan, "Tensile behavior of dissimilar
friction stir welded joints of aluminum alloys" Materials and Design 31
(2010) , pp. 4184-4193.
[22] D. Muruganandam, S. Ravikumar, Sushil Lal Das "Mechanical and
Micro Structural Behavior of 2024-7075 Aluminum Alloy Plates joined
by Friction Stir Welding", 978-1-4244-9082-0/10/$26.00 ┬®2010 IEEE ,
pp. 247- 251.
[23] P.M.G.P. Moreira, T. Santos, S.M.O. Tavares, V. Richter-Trummer, P.
Vilaça, P.M.S.T. de Castro, "Mechanical and metallurgical
characterization of friction stir welding joints of AA6061-T6 with
AA6082-T6" Materials and Design 30 (2009), pp. 180-187.
[24] C. Leitao, R.M. Leal, D.M. Rodrigues , A. Loureiro, P. Vilaca,
"Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and
AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds" Materials and Design 30 (2009) ,
pp. 101-108.
[25] P. Cavaliere, A. De Santis, F. Panella, A. Squillace, "Effect of welding
parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar
AA6082-AA2024 joints produced by friction stir welding" Materials
and Design 30 (2009), pp. 609-616.
[26] C. Leitão, B. Emílio, B.M. Chaparro, D.M. Rodrigues, "Formability of
similar and dissimilar friction stir welded AA 5182-H111 and AA 6016-
T4 tailored blanks" Materials and Design 30 (2009) , pp. 3235-3242.
[27] Omar Hatamleh, Adrian DeWald, "An investigation of the peening
effects on the residual stresses in friction stir welded 2195 and 7075
aluminum alloy joints", Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209
(2009), pp. 4822-4829.
[28] M.A. Mofid, A. Abdollah-zadeh, F. Malek Ghaini, "The effect of water
cooling during dissimilar friction stir welding of Al alloy to Mg alloy" ,
Materials and Design 36 (2012), pp. 161-167.
[29] S. Malarvizhi , V. Balasubramanian, "Influences of tool shoulder
diameter to plate thickness ratio (D/T) on stir zone formation and tensile
properties of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of AA6061 aluminum-
AZ31B magnesium alloys", Materials and Design 40 (2012) , pp. 453-
460.
[30] M. Simoncini, A. Forcellese, Effect of the welding parameters and tool
configuration on micro- and macro-mechanical properties of similar and
dissimilar FSWed joints in AA5754 and AZ31 thin sheets, Materials and
Design 41 (2012), pp. 50-60.
[31] P. Venkateswaran, A.P. Reynolds, "Factors affecting the properties of
Friction Stir Welds between aluminum and magnesium alloys" Materials
Science and Engineering A 545 (2012), pp.26- 37.
[32] S.H. Chowdhury, D.L.Chen, S.D.Bhole, X.Cao, P.Wanjara, "Lap shear
strength and fatigue life of friction stir spot welded AZ31 magnesium
and 5754 aluminum alloys", Materials Science & Engineering A 556
(2012) , pp. 500-509.
[33] M. Sharifitabar, H. Nami, "Microstructures of dissimilar friction stir
welded joints between 2024-T4 aluminum alloy and Al/Mg2Si metal
matrix cast composite , Composites: Part B 42 (2011), pp. 2004-2012.
[34] YAN Yong, ZHANG Da-tong, QIU Cheng, ZHANG Wen, "Dissimilar
friction stir welding between 5052 aluminum alloy and AZ31
magnesium alloy", Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 20 (2010), pp.
s619¶Çâ¡s623.
[35] C. Liu, D.L. Chen, S. Bhole, X. Cao, M. Jahazi, "Polishing-assisted
galvanic corrosion in the dissimilar friction stir welded joint of AZ31
magnesium alloy to 2024 aluminum alloy" , Materials Characterization
60 ( 2009) , pp. 3 7 0 - 3 7 6.
[36] A. Kostka, R.S. Coelho, J. dos Santos, A.R. Pyzalla, "Microstructure of
friction stir welding of aluminum alloy to magnesium alloy", Scripta
Materialia 60 (2009), pp. 953-956.
[37] Y.C. Chen, A. Gholinia, P.B. Prangnell, "Interface structure and bonding
in abrasion circle friction stir spot welding: A novel approach for rapid
welding aluminum alloy to steel automotive sheet" Materials Chemistry
and Physics 134 (2012), pp. 459- 463.
[38] Tomo Ogura,Yuichi Saito, Taichi Nishida, Hidehito Nishida, Takumi
Yoshida, Noriko Omichi, Mitsuo Fujimoto, Akio Hirose, "Partitioning
evaluation of mechanical properties and the interfacial microstructure in
a friction stir welded aluminum alloy/stainless steel lap joint", Scripta
Materialia 66 (2012) , pp. 531-534.
[39] R.S. Coelho, A. Kostka, J.F. dos Santos, A. Kaysser-Pyzalla , "Frictionstir
dissimilar welding of aluminum alloy to high strength steels:
Mechanical properties and their relation to microstructure", Materials
Science & Engineering A 556 (2012) , pp. 175-183.
¶ÇÇâ
¶ÇÇâ
[40] HanSur Bang, HeeSeon Bang, GeunHong Jeon, IkHyun Oh, ChanSeung
Ro, "Gas tungsten arc welding assisted hybrid friction stir welding of
dissimilar materials Al6061-T6 aluminum alloy and STS304 stainless
steel" Materials and Design 37 (2012), pp. 48-55.
[41] Y. Mashiko, Y. Hatsukade, T. Yasui, H. Takenaka, Y. Todaka, M.
Fukumoto, S. Tanaka,"Evaluation of joint interface of friction stir
welding between dissimilar metals using HTS-SQUID gradiometer",
Physica C 470 (2010), pp. 1524-1528.
[42] Tsutomu Tanaka, Taiki Morishige and Tomotake Hirata,
"Comprehensive analysis of joint strength for dissimilar friction stir
welds of mild steel to aluminum alloys" Scripta Materialia 61 (2009),
pp. 756-759.
[43] Yoshihiko Uematsu, Keiro Tokaji, Yasunari Tozaki, Yasuhito.
Nakashima, "Fatigue behaviour of dissimilar friction stir spot weld
between A6061 and SPCC welded by a scrolled groove shoulder tool" ,
Procedia Engineering 2 (2010), pp. 193-201.
[44] CHEN Yu-hua, NI Quan, KE Li-ming, "Interface characteristic of
friction stir welding lap joints of Ti/Al dissimilar alloys", Trans.
Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 22(2012), pp. 299-304.
[45] Yanni Wei, Jinglong Li, Jiangtao Xiong, Fu Huang, Fusheng Zhang,
Syed Hamid Raza Joining aluminum to titanium alloy by friction stir lap
welding with cutting pin" , Materials Characterization 71, (2012), pp. 1-
5.
[46] Masayuki Aonuma, Kazuhiro Nakata, "Effect of calcium on
intermetallic compound layer at interface of calcium added magnesium-
aluminum alloy and titanium joint by friction stir welding, Materials
Science and Engineering B 173 (2010), pp. 135-138.
[47] Y.C. Chen, K. Nakata, "Microstructural characterization and mechanical
properties in friction stir welding of aluminum and titanium dissimilar
alloys", Materials and Design 30 (2009), pp. 469-474.
[48] Ulrike Dressler, Gerhard Biallas, Ulises Alfaro Mercado, "Friction stir
welding of titanium alloy TiAl6V4 to aluminum alloy AA2024-T3" ,
Materials Science and Engineering A 526 (2009) , pp. 113-117.
[1] W.M. Thomas, E.D. Nicholas, J.C. Needham, M.G. Murch, P. Temple-
Smith, C.J. Dawes, "Friction stir Butt Welding". International Patent
No. PCT/GB92/02203, 1991, GB patent application No. 9125978.8.
[2] A. Scialpi, M. De Giorgi, L.A.C. De Filippis, R. Nobile, F.W. Panella,
"Mechanical analysis of ultra-thin friction stir welding joined sheets
with dissimilar and similar materials", Materials and Design 29 (2008),
pp. 928-936.
[3] Rajiv S. Mishra and Murray W. Mahoney, "Friction Stir Welding and
Processing", 2007, ASM international, the materials information society.
[4] T. DebRoy and H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia, "Friction stir welding of
dissimilar alloys - a Perspective", Science and Technology of Welding
and Joining 2010, Vol 15 No 4, pp. 266- 270.
[5] R. Rai, A. De, H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia and T. DebRoy, "Review: friction
stir welding tools", Science and Technology of Welding and Joining,
2011, Vol 16 No 4, pp. 325- 342.
[6] M. Sivashanmugam, S. Ravikumar, T. Kumar, V. Seshagiri Rao, D.
Muruganandam, "A Review on Friction Stir Welding for Aluminum
Alloys", 978-1-4244-9082-0/10/$26.00 ┬®2010 IEEE, pp. 216 - 221.
[7] Z.Y. MA "Friction Stir Processing Technology: A Review"
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 2008, Vol. 39A, pp. 642 -
658.
[8] V. Soundararajan, M. Valant and R. Kovacevic, "An Overview of R&D
Work in FrictionStir Welding at SMU"Association of Metallurgical
Engineers of Serbia (AMES), pp. 276 - 295.
[9] Bo Li, Yifu Shen, "A feasibility research on friction stir welding of a
new-typed lap-butt joint of dissimilar Al alloys" Materials and Design
34 (2012) , pp. 725-731.
[10] C. Leitão, R. Louro, D.M. Rodrigues, " Analysis of high temperature
plastic behaviour and its relation with weldability in friction stir welding
for aluminum alloys AA5083-H111 and AA6082-T6 Materials and
Design 37 (2012), pp. 402-409.
[11] J. Guo, P. Gougeon, X.-G. Chen, "Microstructure evolution and
mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded joints between
AA1100-B4C MMC and AA6063 alloy", Materials Science and
Engineering A 553 (2012) 149- 156.
[12] M. Koilraj, V. Sundareswaran, S. Vijayan, S.R. Koteswara Rao,
"Friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys AA2219 to AA5083
- Optimization of process parameters using Taguchi technique"
Materials and Design 42 (2012), pp. 1-7.
[13] R. Palanivel, P. Koshy Mathews, N. Murugan, I. Dinaharan, "Effect of
tool rotational speed and pin profile on microstructure and tensile
strength of dissimilar friction stir welded AA5083-H111 and AA6351-
T6 aluminum alloys", Materials and Design 40 (2012) , pp. 7-16.
[14] R. PalaniveI, P. Koshy Mathews, "Mechanical and microstructural
behaviour of friction stir welded dissimilar aluminum alloy", IEEEInternational
Conference On Advances In Engineering, Science And
Management (ICAESM -2012) March 30, 31, 2012, pp. 7- 11.
[15] A.A.M. da Silva, E. Arruti, G. Janeiro, E. Aldanondo, P. Alvarez, A.
Echeverria, "Material flow and mechanical behaviour of dissimilar
AA2024-T3 and AA7075-T6 aluminum alloys friction stir welds",
Materials and Design 32 (2011) , pp. 2021-2027.
[16] H. Jamshidi Aval, S. Serajzadeh, A.H. Kokabi, "Evolution of
microstructures and mechanical properties in similar and dissimilar
friction stir welding of AA5086 and AA6061", Materials Science and
Engineering A 528 (2011), pp. 8071- 80853.
[17] Changbin Shen, Jiayan Zhang, Jiping Ge, "Microstructures and
electrochemical behaviors of the friction stir welding dissimilar weld",
Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2011, 23(Supplement) S32-S35.
[18] V.-X. Tran, J. Pan, T. Pan, "Fatigue behavior of spot friction welds in
lap-shear and cross-tension specimens of dissimilar aluminum sheets",
International Journal of Fatigue 32 (2010), pp. 1022-1041.
[19] T-S. Jun, K. Dragnevski, A.M. Korsunsky, "Microstructure, residual
strain, and eigenstrain analysis of dissimilar friction stir welds",
Materials and Design 31 (2010) , pp. S121-S125.
[20] M. Ghosh, K. Kumar, S.V. Kailas, A.K. Ray, "Optimization of friction
stir welding parameters for dissimilar aluminum alloys" Materials and
Design 31 (2010) , pp. 3033-3037.
[21] N. Shanmuga Sundaram, N. Murugan, "Tensile behavior of dissimilar
friction stir welded joints of aluminum alloys" Materials and Design 31
(2010) , pp. 4184-4193.
[22] D. Muruganandam, S. Ravikumar, Sushil Lal Das "Mechanical and
Micro Structural Behavior of 2024-7075 Aluminum Alloy Plates joined
by Friction Stir Welding", 978-1-4244-9082-0/10/$26.00 ┬®2010 IEEE ,
pp. 247- 251.
[23] P.M.G.P. Moreira, T. Santos, S.M.O. Tavares, V. Richter-Trummer, P.
Vilaça, P.M.S.T. de Castro, "Mechanical and metallurgical
characterization of friction stir welding joints of AA6061-T6 with
AA6082-T6" Materials and Design 30 (2009), pp. 180-187.
[24] C. Leitao, R.M. Leal, D.M. Rodrigues , A. Loureiro, P. Vilaca,
"Mechanical behaviour of similar and dissimilar AA5182-H111 and
AA6016-T4 thin friction stir welds" Materials and Design 30 (2009) ,
pp. 101-108.
[25] P. Cavaliere, A. De Santis, F. Panella, A. Squillace, "Effect of welding
parameters on mechanical and microstructural properties of dissimilar
AA6082-AA2024 joints produced by friction stir welding" Materials
and Design 30 (2009), pp. 609-616.
[26] C. Leitão, B. Emílio, B.M. Chaparro, D.M. Rodrigues, "Formability of
similar and dissimilar friction stir welded AA 5182-H111 and AA 6016-
T4 tailored blanks" Materials and Design 30 (2009) , pp. 3235-3242.
[27] Omar Hatamleh, Adrian DeWald, "An investigation of the peening
effects on the residual stresses in friction stir welded 2195 and 7075
aluminum alloy joints", Journal of Materials Processing Technology 209
(2009), pp. 4822-4829.
[28] M.A. Mofid, A. Abdollah-zadeh, F. Malek Ghaini, "The effect of water
cooling during dissimilar friction stir welding of Al alloy to Mg alloy" ,
Materials and Design 36 (2012), pp. 161-167.
[29] S. Malarvizhi , V. Balasubramanian, "Influences of tool shoulder
diameter to plate thickness ratio (D/T) on stir zone formation and tensile
properties of friction stir welded dissimilar joints of AA6061 aluminum-
AZ31B magnesium alloys", Materials and Design 40 (2012) , pp. 453-
460.
[30] M. Simoncini, A. Forcellese, Effect of the welding parameters and tool
configuration on micro- and macro-mechanical properties of similar and
dissimilar FSWed joints in AA5754 and AZ31 thin sheets, Materials and
Design 41 (2012), pp. 50-60.
[31] P. Venkateswaran, A.P. Reynolds, "Factors affecting the properties of
Friction Stir Welds between aluminum and magnesium alloys" Materials
Science and Engineering A 545 (2012), pp.26- 37.
[32] S.H. Chowdhury, D.L.Chen, S.D.Bhole, X.Cao, P.Wanjara, "Lap shear
strength and fatigue life of friction stir spot welded AZ31 magnesium
and 5754 aluminum alloys", Materials Science & Engineering A 556
(2012) , pp. 500-509.
[33] M. Sharifitabar, H. Nami, "Microstructures of dissimilar friction stir
welded joints between 2024-T4 aluminum alloy and Al/Mg2Si metal
matrix cast composite , Composites: Part B 42 (2011), pp. 2004-2012.
[34] YAN Yong, ZHANG Da-tong, QIU Cheng, ZHANG Wen, "Dissimilar
friction stir welding between 5052 aluminum alloy and AZ31
magnesium alloy", Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 20 (2010), pp.
s619¶Çâ¡s623.
[35] C. Liu, D.L. Chen, S. Bhole, X. Cao, M. Jahazi, "Polishing-assisted
galvanic corrosion in the dissimilar friction stir welded joint of AZ31
magnesium alloy to 2024 aluminum alloy" , Materials Characterization
60 ( 2009) , pp. 3 7 0 - 3 7 6.
[36] A. Kostka, R.S. Coelho, J. dos Santos, A.R. Pyzalla, "Microstructure of
friction stir welding of aluminum alloy to magnesium alloy", Scripta
Materialia 60 (2009), pp. 953-956.
[37] Y.C. Chen, A. Gholinia, P.B. Prangnell, "Interface structure and bonding
in abrasion circle friction stir spot welding: A novel approach for rapid
welding aluminum alloy to steel automotive sheet" Materials Chemistry
and Physics 134 (2012), pp. 459- 463.
[38] Tomo Ogura,Yuichi Saito, Taichi Nishida, Hidehito Nishida, Takumi
Yoshida, Noriko Omichi, Mitsuo Fujimoto, Akio Hirose, "Partitioning
evaluation of mechanical properties and the interfacial microstructure in
a friction stir welded aluminum alloy/stainless steel lap joint", Scripta
Materialia 66 (2012) , pp. 531-534.
[39] R.S. Coelho, A. Kostka, J.F. dos Santos, A. Kaysser-Pyzalla , "Frictionstir
dissimilar welding of aluminum alloy to high strength steels:
Mechanical properties and their relation to microstructure", Materials
Science & Engineering A 556 (2012) , pp. 175-183.
¶ÇÇâ
¶ÇÇâ
[40] HanSur Bang, HeeSeon Bang, GeunHong Jeon, IkHyun Oh, ChanSeung
Ro, "Gas tungsten arc welding assisted hybrid friction stir welding of
dissimilar materials Al6061-T6 aluminum alloy and STS304 stainless
steel" Materials and Design 37 (2012), pp. 48-55.
[41] Y. Mashiko, Y. Hatsukade, T. Yasui, H. Takenaka, Y. Todaka, M.
Fukumoto, S. Tanaka,"Evaluation of joint interface of friction stir
welding between dissimilar metals using HTS-SQUID gradiometer",
Physica C 470 (2010), pp. 1524-1528.
[42] Tsutomu Tanaka, Taiki Morishige and Tomotake Hirata,
"Comprehensive analysis of joint strength for dissimilar friction stir
welds of mild steel to aluminum alloys" Scripta Materialia 61 (2009),
pp. 756-759.
[43] Yoshihiko Uematsu, Keiro Tokaji, Yasunari Tozaki, Yasuhito.
Nakashima, "Fatigue behaviour of dissimilar friction stir spot weld
between A6061 and SPCC welded by a scrolled groove shoulder tool" ,
Procedia Engineering 2 (2010), pp. 193-201.
[44] CHEN Yu-hua, NI Quan, KE Li-ming, "Interface characteristic of
friction stir welding lap joints of Ti/Al dissimilar alloys", Trans.
Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 22(2012), pp. 299-304.
[45] Yanni Wei, Jinglong Li, Jiangtao Xiong, Fu Huang, Fusheng Zhang,
Syed Hamid Raza Joining aluminum to titanium alloy by friction stir lap
welding with cutting pin" , Materials Characterization 71, (2012), pp. 1-
5.
[46] Masayuki Aonuma, Kazuhiro Nakata, "Effect of calcium on
intermetallic compound layer at interface of calcium added magnesium-
aluminum alloy and titanium joint by friction stir welding, Materials
Science and Engineering B 173 (2010), pp. 135-138.
[47] Y.C. Chen, K. Nakata, "Microstructural characterization and mechanical
properties in friction stir welding of aluminum and titanium dissimilar
alloys", Materials and Design 30 (2009), pp. 469-474.
[48] Ulrike Dressler, Gerhard Biallas, Ulises Alfaro Mercado, "Friction stir
welding of titanium alloy TiAl6V4 to aluminum alloy AA2024-T3" ,
Materials Science and Engineering A 526 (2009) , pp. 113-117.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:63486", author = "Mukuna P. Mubiayi and Esther T. Akinlabi", title = "Friction Stir Welding of Dissimilar Materials: An Overview", abstract = "Friction Stir Welding is a solid state welding technique which can be used to produce sound welds between similar and dissimilar materials. Dissimilar welds which include welds between the different series of aluminium alloys, aluminium to magnesium, steel and titanium has been successfully produced by many researchers. This review covers the work conducted in the above mentioned materials and further concludes by showing the need to fully understand the FSW process in order to expand the latter industrially.", keywords = "aluminium, dissimilar materials, FSW, hardness, magnesium, microstructure, steel, tensile test, titanium", volume = "7", number = "4", pages = "641-6", }
