Application of Computational Intelligence Techniques for Economic Load Dispatch
This paper presents the applications of computational intelligence techniques to economic load dispatch problems. The fuel cost equation of a thermal plant is generally expressed as continuous quadratic equation. In real situations the fuel cost equations can be discontinuous. In view of the above, both continuous and discontinuous fuel cost equations are considered in the present paper. First, genetic algorithm optimization technique is applied to a 6- generator 26-bus test system having continuous fuel cost equations. Results are compared to conventional quadratic programming method to show the superiority of the proposed computational intelligence technique. Further, a 10-generator system each with three fuel options distributed in three areas is considered and particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to minimize the cost of generation. To show the superiority of the proposed approach, the results are compared with other published methods.
[1] J. Wood and B. F. Wollenberg, "Power Generation Operation and
Control," 2nd edition, New York: Willey, 1996.
[2] B. H. Chowdhury and S. Rahman, "A review of recent advances in
economic dispatch," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 5, no. 4,
pp. 1248-1259, November 1990.
[3] A. Jiang and S. Ertem, "Economic dispatch with non-monotonically
increasing incremental cost units and transmission system losses",IEEE
Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 891-897, May 1995.
[4] H.W. Dommel, "Optimal power dispatch", IEEE Transactions on Power
Apparatus and Systems, PAS93 No. 3, pp. 820-830, 1974.
[5] C.O. Alsac, J. Bright, M. Paris, and Stott, "Developments in LP-based
optimal power flow, IEEE Transaction of Power Systems", Vol. 5 No. 3,
pp. 697-711, 1990.
[6] J. Nanda, D.P. Kothari, S.C. Srivastava, "New optimal power-dispatch
algorithm using fletcher-s quadratic programming method", IEE
Proceedings, Vol. 136 No. 3, pp. 153-161, 1989.
[7] H. T. Yang, P. C. Yang and C. L. Huang, "Evolutionary Programming
Based Economic Dispatch For Units With Non-smooth Fuel Cost
Functions," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp.
112-118, 1996.
[8] T. Jayabarathi, G. Sadasivam and V. Ramachandran, "Evolutionary
programming based economic dispatch of generators with prohibited
operating zones," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp.
261-266, 1999.
[9] Sidhartha Panda and N. P. Padhy, "Comparison of Particle Swarm
Optimization and Genetic Algorithm for FACTS-based Controller
Design", Applied Soft Computing. vol. 8, issue 4, pp. 1418-1427, 2008.
[10] D. E. Goldberg, "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and
Machine Learning". Addison-Wesley, 1989.
[11] Sidhartha Panda, S.C. Swain, P.K. Rautray, R. Mallik, G. Panda,
"Design and analysis of SSSC-based supplementary damping
controller", Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, doi:
10.1016/j.simpat.2010.04.007.
[12] Sidhartha Panda, C. Ardil, "Real-coded genetic algorithm for robust
power system stabilizer design", International Journal of Electrical,
Computer and System Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 6-14, 2008.
[13] Sidhartha Panda, S.C. Swain, A.K. Baliarsingh, "Real-coded genetic
algorithm for robust coordinated design of excitation and SSSC-based
controller", Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 8, issue 4, pp. 31-38,
2008.
[14] S. Panda, S.C. Swain, A.K. Baliarsingh, C. Ardil, "Optimal
supplementary damping controller design for TCSC employing RCGA",
International Journal of Computational Intelligence, vol. 5, no. 1, pp.
36-45, 2009.
[15] J. Kennedy, R.C. Eberhart, "Particle swarm optimization", Proceedings
of the IEEE International. Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 4,
Piscataway, NJ, IEEE Service Center, 1995, pp. 1942-1948.
[16] J. Kennedy, R. Eberhart, "Swarm Intelligence", Academic press, San
Diego, CA, 2001.
[17] Sidhartha Panda and N.P.Padhy, "Optimal location and controller design
of STATCOM using particle swarm optimization", Journal of the
Franklin Institute, vol.345, pp. 166-181, 2008.
[18] Sidhartha Panda, N.P.Padhy, R.N.Patel, "Power system stability
improvement by PSO optimized SSSC-based damping controller",
Electric Power Components & Systems, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 468-490,
2008.
[19] S. Panda, N.P.Padhy and R.N.Patel, "Robust coordinated design of PSS
and TCSC using PSO technique for power system stability
enhancement", Journal of Electrical Systems, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 109-123,
2007.
[20] S. Panda, S. K. Tomar, R. Prasad, C. Ardil, "Reduction of linear timeinvariant
systems using routh-approximation and PSO", International
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences, vol. 5, no. 2,
pp. 82-89, 2009.
[21] N. Ramaraj and K. Nagappan, "Analytical method to optimize
generation schedule", Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India), vol
66, p 240, 1987.
[22] C.E. Lin and G.L. Vivianib, "Hierarchical Economic Dispatch of
Piecewise Quadratic Cost Functions", IEEE Transactions on PAS, vol.
PAS-103, no 6, June, 1984.
[23] N. Ramaraj and R Rajaram, "Analytical approach to optimize generation
schedule of plant with multiple fuel options", Journal of The Institution
of Engineers (India), vol. 68, p 106, 1987.
[24] R.B. Kelkar and R.C. Desai, "easy approach to generation scheduling
with multiple fuel options", Journal of The Institution of Engineers
(India), vol. 80, p 96, 1999.
[25] R.M.S. Danraj and F. Gajendran, "An efficient algorithm to find optimal
economic load dispatch for plants having discontinuous fuel cost
functions", Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India), vol. 85, pp.
64-67, 2004.
[1] J. Wood and B. F. Wollenberg, "Power Generation Operation and
Control," 2nd edition, New York: Willey, 1996.
[2] B. H. Chowdhury and S. Rahman, "A review of recent advances in
economic dispatch," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 5, no. 4,
pp. 1248-1259, November 1990.
[3] A. Jiang and S. Ertem, "Economic dispatch with non-monotonically
increasing incremental cost units and transmission system losses",IEEE
Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 891-897, May 1995.
[4] H.W. Dommel, "Optimal power dispatch", IEEE Transactions on Power
Apparatus and Systems, PAS93 No. 3, pp. 820-830, 1974.
[5] C.O. Alsac, J. Bright, M. Paris, and Stott, "Developments in LP-based
optimal power flow, IEEE Transaction of Power Systems", Vol. 5 No. 3,
pp. 697-711, 1990.
[6] J. Nanda, D.P. Kothari, S.C. Srivastava, "New optimal power-dispatch
algorithm using fletcher-s quadratic programming method", IEE
Proceedings, Vol. 136 No. 3, pp. 153-161, 1989.
[7] H. T. Yang, P. C. Yang and C. L. Huang, "Evolutionary Programming
Based Economic Dispatch For Units With Non-smooth Fuel Cost
Functions," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp.
112-118, 1996.
[8] T. Jayabarathi, G. Sadasivam and V. Ramachandran, "Evolutionary
programming based economic dispatch of generators with prohibited
operating zones," Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp.
261-266, 1999.
[9] Sidhartha Panda and N. P. Padhy, "Comparison of Particle Swarm
Optimization and Genetic Algorithm for FACTS-based Controller
Design", Applied Soft Computing. vol. 8, issue 4, pp. 1418-1427, 2008.
[10] D. E. Goldberg, "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization and
Machine Learning". Addison-Wesley, 1989.
[11] Sidhartha Panda, S.C. Swain, P.K. Rautray, R. Mallik, G. Panda,
"Design and analysis of SSSC-based supplementary damping
controller", Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory, doi:
10.1016/j.simpat.2010.04.007.
[12] Sidhartha Panda, C. Ardil, "Real-coded genetic algorithm for robust
power system stabilizer design", International Journal of Electrical,
Computer and System Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 6-14, 2008.
[13] Sidhartha Panda, S.C. Swain, A.K. Baliarsingh, "Real-coded genetic
algorithm for robust coordinated design of excitation and SSSC-based
controller", Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 8, issue 4, pp. 31-38,
2008.
[14] S. Panda, S.C. Swain, A.K. Baliarsingh, C. Ardil, "Optimal
supplementary damping controller design for TCSC employing RCGA",
International Journal of Computational Intelligence, vol. 5, no. 1, pp.
36-45, 2009.
[15] J. Kennedy, R.C. Eberhart, "Particle swarm optimization", Proceedings
of the IEEE International. Conference on Neural Networks, vol. 4,
Piscataway, NJ, IEEE Service Center, 1995, pp. 1942-1948.
[16] J. Kennedy, R. Eberhart, "Swarm Intelligence", Academic press, San
Diego, CA, 2001.
[17] Sidhartha Panda and N.P.Padhy, "Optimal location and controller design
of STATCOM using particle swarm optimization", Journal of the
Franklin Institute, vol.345, pp. 166-181, 2008.
[18] Sidhartha Panda, N.P.Padhy, R.N.Patel, "Power system stability
improvement by PSO optimized SSSC-based damping controller",
Electric Power Components & Systems, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 468-490,
2008.
[19] S. Panda, N.P.Padhy and R.N.Patel, "Robust coordinated design of PSS
and TCSC using PSO technique for power system stability
enhancement", Journal of Electrical Systems, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 109-123,
2007.
[20] S. Panda, S. K. Tomar, R. Prasad, C. Ardil, "Reduction of linear timeinvariant
systems using routh-approximation and PSO", International
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences, vol. 5, no. 2,
pp. 82-89, 2009.
[21] N. Ramaraj and K. Nagappan, "Analytical method to optimize
generation schedule", Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India), vol
66, p 240, 1987.
[22] C.E. Lin and G.L. Vivianib, "Hierarchical Economic Dispatch of
Piecewise Quadratic Cost Functions", IEEE Transactions on PAS, vol.
PAS-103, no 6, June, 1984.
[23] N. Ramaraj and R Rajaram, "Analytical approach to optimize generation
schedule of plant with multiple fuel options", Journal of The Institution
of Engineers (India), vol. 68, p 106, 1987.
[24] R.B. Kelkar and R.C. Desai, "easy approach to generation scheduling
with multiple fuel options", Journal of The Institution of Engineers
(India), vol. 80, p 96, 1999.
[25] R.M.S. Danraj and F. Gajendran, "An efficient algorithm to find optimal
economic load dispatch for plants having discontinuous fuel cost
functions", Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India), vol. 85, pp.
64-67, 2004.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:51355", author = "S.C. Swain and S. Panda and A.K. Mohanty and C. Ardil", title = "Application of Computational Intelligence Techniques for Economic Load Dispatch", abstract = "This paper presents the applications of computational intelligence techniques to economic load dispatch problems. The fuel cost equation of a thermal plant is generally expressed as continuous quadratic equation. In real situations the fuel cost equations can be discontinuous. In view of the above, both continuous and discontinuous fuel cost equations are considered in the present paper. First, genetic algorithm optimization technique is applied to a 6- generator 26-bus test system having continuous fuel cost equations. Results are compared to conventional quadratic programming method to show the superiority of the proposed computational intelligence technique. Further, a 10-generator system each with three fuel options distributed in three areas is considered and particle swarm optimization algorithm is employed to minimize the cost of generation. To show the superiority of the proposed approach, the results are compared with other published methods.
", keywords = "Economic Load Dispatch, Continuous Fuel Cost,Quadratic Programming, Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm,Discontinuous Fuel Cost, Particle Swarm Optimization.", volume = "4", number = "3", pages = "434-9", }
