An Overview of Nano-Particles Effect on Mechanical Properties of Composites
Composites depending on the nature of their
constituents and mode of production are regarded as one of the
advanced materials that drive today’s technology. This paper
attempts a short review of the subject matter with a general aim of
pushing to the next level the frontier of knowledge as it impacts the
technology of nano-particles manufacturing. The objectives entail an
effort to; aggregate recent research efforts in this field, analyse
research findings and observations, streamline research efforts and
support industry in taking decision on areas of fund deployment. It is
envisaged that this work will serve as a quick hand-on compendium
material for researchers in this field and a guide to relevant
government departments wishing to fund a research whose outcomes
have the potential of improving the nation’s GDP.
[1] C. Buzea, I.I.P. Blandino, and K. Robbie, ‘‘Nanomaterials and
Nanoparticles: Sources and Toxicity,’’ Biointerphases, vol. 2, issue 4,
2007, pp. 17-172.
[2] D.B. Kittelson, ‘‘Recent measurements of nanoparticle emission from
engines,’’ Current Research on Diesel Exhaust Particles,Japan
Association of Aerosol Science and Technology, Tokyo,Japan, 9th
January, 2001.
[3] P.J.A. Borm, D. Robbins, S. Haubold, T. Kuhlbusch, H. Fissan, K.
Donaldson, R.P.F. Schins, V. Stone, W. Kreyling, J. Lademann, J.
Krutmann, D. Warheit, and E. Oberdorster, ‘‘The Potential Risks of
Nanomaterials,’’ A Review carried out for ECETOC (review) Part.
Fibre Toxicol. 3, 2006, pp. 11.
[4] S. Ranđelović, A.R. Zarubica, and M.M. Purenović, ‘‘New Composite
Materials in the Technology for Drinking Water Purification from
Ionic and Colloidal Pollutants,’’http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48390, 2012.
[5] M. Inkyo, T. Tahara, and Y. Imajyo, ‘‘New Nanoparticles Dispersing
Beads Mill with Ultra Small Beads and its Application,’’ IOP Conf.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 18 062002, 2011.
[6] G. Xanthopoulou, and G. Vekinis, "An Overview of Some
Environmental Applications of Self-Propagating High-Temperature
Synthesis," Advances in environmental research, vol. 5, 2001, pp. 117-
128.
[7] M. N. Rahaman, ‘‘Ceramic Processing,’’ Boca Raton, Fl: Taylor and
Francis Group, 2007.
[8] X. Q. You, T. Z. Si, P. P. Ren, Y. D. Xu, and J. P. Feng, "Effect of Grain
Size on Thermal Shock Resistance of Al2O3–Tic Ceramics,’’ Ceramics
International, vol. 31, no. 1, 2005, pp. 33-38.
[9] W. Garrett, ‘‘Control of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Derived Aluminum-Titanium Carbide Metal Matrix Composites,’’
Golden PhD thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2012.
[10] J. J. Moore, Interviewee, Private communication. (Interview), June,
2010.
[11] A. S. Rogachev, and F. Baras, "Models of SHS: An overview,"
International Journal of Self-Propagating High-temperature Synthesis,
vol. 16, 2007, pp. 141-153.
[12] M.M.A. Rafique, J. Iqbal, ‘‘Production of Carbon Nanotubes by
Different Routes - A Review,’’ Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption
Sciences, vol 1, 2011, pp. 29-34.
[13] J. Prasek, J. Drbohlavova, J, Chomoucka, J. Hubalek, O. Jasek, V.
Adamc, and R. Kizek, ‘‘Methods for Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis
Review,’’ Journal of Materials Chemistry, J. Mater. Chem, 21, 2011,
pp. 15872.
[14] A. Merkoci, ‘‘Biosensing Using Nanomaterials,’’ ed. Wiley, New
Jersey, 2009.
[15] C. Laurent, E. Flahaut, and A. Peigney, Carbon, 48, 2010, pp. 2994-
2996.
[16] Z. B. He, J. L. Maurice, C. S. Lee, C. S. Cojocaru, and D. Pribat,
Arabian J. Sci. Eng., Sect. B, 35, 2010, pp. 19-28.
[17] J. H. Ting, J. Y. Lyu, F. Y. Huang, T. L. Li, C. L. Hsu, and C. W. Liu,
IEEE 17th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro- Nano
Symposium, Proceedings IEEE, New York, 2008, pp. 157- 160.
[18] C. J. Unrau, R. L. Axelbaum, and C. S. Lo, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 2010,
pp. 10430- 10435.
[19] S. A. Steiner, T. F. Baumann, B. C. Bayer, R. Blume, M. A. Worsley,
W. J. MoberlyChan, E. L. Shaw, R. Schlogl, A. J. Hart, S. Hofmann,
and B. L. Wardle, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 2009, pp. 12144-12154.
[20] H. Tempel, R. Joshi, and J. J. Schneider, Mater. Chem. Phys., 121, 2010,
pp. 178–183.
[21] H. R. Byon, H. Lim, H. J. Song, and H. C. Choi, Korean Chem.Soc., 28,
2007, pp. 2056–2060.
[22] Y. M. Chen, and H. Y. Zhang, in Advances in Composites, ed. J. L.Bu,
Z. Y. Jiang and S. Jiao, Trans Tech Publications Ltd,Stafa-Zurich, Pts., 1
and 2, 2011, pp. 1560–1563.
[23] B. Brown, C. B. Parker, B. R. Stoner, and J. T. Glass, Carbon, 49,2011,
pp. 266–274.
[24] Y. Xu, E. Dervishi, A. R. Biris, and A. S. Biris, Mater. Lett., 65,2011,
pp. 1878–1881.
[25] Y. J. Zhu, T. J. Lin, Q. X. Liu, Y. L. Chen, G. F. Zhang, H. F.Xiong, and
H. Y. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng., B, 127, 2006, pp. 198- 202.
[26] N. Fotopoulos, and J. P. Xanthakis, Diamond Relat. Mater., 19,2010, pp.
557-561.
[27] O. Lee, J. Jung, S. Doo, S. S. Kim, T. H. Noh, K. I. Kim, and Y. S.Lim,
Met. Mater. Int., 16, 2010, pp. 663-667.
[28] R. Sharma, S. W. Chee, A. Herzing, R. Miranda, and P. Rez, Nano Lett.,
11, 2011, pp. 2464-2471.
[29] M. Palizdar, R. Ahgababazadeh, A. Mirhabibi, R. Brydson, and
S.Pilehvari, J. Nanosci.Nanotechnol, 11, 2011, pp. 5345-5351.
[30] T. Tomie, S. Inoue, M. Kohno, and Y. Matsumura, Diamond Relat.
Mater., 19, 2010, pp. 1401-1404.
[31] U. Narkiewicz, M. Podsiadly, R. Jedrzejewski, and I. Pelech,
Appl.Catal., A, 384, 2010, pp. 27-35.
[32] D. L. He, H. Li, W. L. Li, P. Haghi-Ashtiani, P. Lejay, and J. B.
Bai,Carbon, 49, 2011, pp. 2273-2286.
[33] G. Atthipalli, R. Epur, P. N. Kumta, M. J. Yang, J. K. Lee, and J.
L.Gray, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 2011, pp. 3534-3538.
[34] S. Santangelo, G. Messina, G. Faggio, M. Lanza, A. Pistone, and
C.Milone, J. Mater. Sci., 45, 2011, pp. 783-792.
[35] B. Hou, R. Xiang, T. Inoue, E. Einarsson, S. Chiashi, J. Shiomi,
A.Miyoshi, and S. Maruyama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 50, 2011, pp. 4.
[36] B. Skukla, T. Saito, S. Ohmori, M. Koshi, M. Yumura, and S.
Iijima,Chem. Mater., 22, 2010, pp. 6035-6043.
[37] A. Szabo, C. Perri, A. Csato, G. Giordano, D. Vuono, and J. B.Nagy,
Materials, 3, 2010, pp. 3092-3140.
[38] H. Byeon, S. Y. Kim, K. H. Koh, and S. Lee, J. Nanosci.Nanotechnol,
10, 2010, pp. 6116-6119.
[39] V. A. Nebol’sin, and A. Y. Vorob’ev, Inorg. Mater, 47, 2011, pp. 128-
132.
[40] J. Lara-Romero, J. C. Calva-Yanez, J. Lopez-Tinoco, G. Alonso-Nunez,
S. Jimenez-Sandoval, and F. Paraguay-Delgado, Fullerenes,
Nanotubes, Carbon Nanostruct, 19, 2011, pp. 483- 496.
[41] R. Kumar, R. S. Tiwari, and O. N. Srivastava, Nanoscale Res. Lett.,6,
2011, pp. 6.
[42] S. Paul, and S. K. Samdarshi, New Carbon Mater., 26, 2011, pp. 85-88.
[43] M. I. Ionescu, Y. Zhang, R. Li, X. Sun, H. Abou-Rachid, and
L.S.Lussier, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257, 2011, pp. 6843-6849.
[44] G. Kucukayan, R. Ovali, S. Ilday, B. Baykal, H. Yurdakul, S. Turan, O.
Gulseren, and E. Bengu, Carbon, 49, 2011, pp. 508–517.
[45] C. Clauss, M. Schwarz, and E. Kroke, Carbon, 48, 2010, pp. 1137- 1145.
[46] Y. C. Liu, N. N. Zheng, J. D. Huang and B. M. Sun, Advanced Polymer
Science and Engineering, ed. C. H. Wang, L. X. Ma, and W.
Yang,Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zurich, 2011, pp. 99–103.
[47] Y. C. Liu, B. M. Sun, and Z. Y. Ding, Advanced Polymer Scienceand
Engineering, ed. C. H. Wang, L. X. Ma and W. Yang, Trans Tech
Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zurich, 2011, pp. 235-239.
[48] R. Jasti, and C. R. Bertozzi, Chem. Phys. Lett., 494, 2010, p. 1-7.
[49] Z. Ren, and S. Chen, ‘‘Mechanical Properties of NanometricParticulates
Reinforced Aluminum Composites,’’
http://www.materials.unsw.edu.au/NanoWeb
[50] S.M. Zebarjad, S.A, Sajjadi and E.Z. Vahid Karimi, ‘‘Influence
ofNanosized Silicon Carbide on Dimensional Stability of
Al/SicNanocomposite,’’ Research Letter in Material Science, Article
ID835746, 2008.
[51] L. Fischer, ‘‘Nano-Dispersion Strengthening of Aluminum,”
Introduction to Research, Literature Survey Report, University of
Colorado, 2004.
[52] P.E.C. Camargo, K.G. Satyanarayama, and F. Wypych,
“Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Opportunities,”
Material Research, 12, 1, 2009, pp. 1-39.
[53] I. Kruusenberg, N. Alexeyeva, K. Tammeveski, J. Kozlova, L.Matisen,
V. Sammelselg, J. Solla-Gull, and J. M. Feliu, Carbon, 49, 2011, pp.
4031-4039.
[54] N. M. Mubarak, F. Yusof, and M. F. Alkhatib, Chem. Eng.
J.(Amsterdam, Neth.), 168, 2011, pp. 461-469.
[55] C. Borgonovo, ‘‘Aluminum Nanocomposite Materials for High
Temperature Application,’’ Chapter II, Literature Review, University of
Bologna, 2009.
[56] Zhang and Chen, “Consideration of Orowan Strengthening Effectin
Particulate-Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: A Modelfor
Predicting Their Yield Strength,” Scripta Materialia 54, 2006,pp. 1321-
1326.
[57] C. Li, E.T. Ostenson, and T.W. Chou, ‘‘Sensors and Actuators Based on
Carbon Nanotubes and their Composites: A Review,’’ Composites Sci.
Technol. 68, 2008, pp. 1227-1249.
[58] D.L. Shi, X.Q. Feng, Y.G.Y. Huang, K.C. Hwang, and H.J. Gao, ‘‘The
Effect of Nanotube Waviness and Agglomeration on theElastic Property
of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composites,’’ J. Eng. Mater. Technol,
126, 2004, pp. 250-257.
[1] C. Buzea, I.I.P. Blandino, and K. Robbie, ‘‘Nanomaterials and
Nanoparticles: Sources and Toxicity,’’ Biointerphases, vol. 2, issue 4,
2007, pp. 17-172.
[2] D.B. Kittelson, ‘‘Recent measurements of nanoparticle emission from
engines,’’ Current Research on Diesel Exhaust Particles,Japan
Association of Aerosol Science and Technology, Tokyo,Japan, 9th
January, 2001.
[3] P.J.A. Borm, D. Robbins, S. Haubold, T. Kuhlbusch, H. Fissan, K.
Donaldson, R.P.F. Schins, V. Stone, W. Kreyling, J. Lademann, J.
Krutmann, D. Warheit, and E. Oberdorster, ‘‘The Potential Risks of
Nanomaterials,’’ A Review carried out for ECETOC (review) Part.
Fibre Toxicol. 3, 2006, pp. 11.
[4] S. Ranđelović, A.R. Zarubica, and M.M. Purenović, ‘‘New Composite
Materials in the Technology for Drinking Water Purification from
Ionic and Colloidal Pollutants,’’http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48390, 2012.
[5] M. Inkyo, T. Tahara, and Y. Imajyo, ‘‘New Nanoparticles Dispersing
Beads Mill with Ultra Small Beads and its Application,’’ IOP Conf.
Series: Materials Science and Engineering 18 062002, 2011.
[6] G. Xanthopoulou, and G. Vekinis, "An Overview of Some
Environmental Applications of Self-Propagating High-Temperature
Synthesis," Advances in environmental research, vol. 5, 2001, pp. 117-
128.
[7] M. N. Rahaman, ‘‘Ceramic Processing,’’ Boca Raton, Fl: Taylor and
Francis Group, 2007.
[8] X. Q. You, T. Z. Si, P. P. Ren, Y. D. Xu, and J. P. Feng, "Effect of Grain
Size on Thermal Shock Resistance of Al2O3–Tic Ceramics,’’ Ceramics
International, vol. 31, no. 1, 2005, pp. 33-38.
[9] W. Garrett, ‘‘Control of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis
Derived Aluminum-Titanium Carbide Metal Matrix Composites,’’
Golden PhD thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2012.
[10] J. J. Moore, Interviewee, Private communication. (Interview), June,
2010.
[11] A. S. Rogachev, and F. Baras, "Models of SHS: An overview,"
International Journal of Self-Propagating High-temperature Synthesis,
vol. 16, 2007, pp. 141-153.
[12] M.M.A. Rafique, J. Iqbal, ‘‘Production of Carbon Nanotubes by
Different Routes - A Review,’’ Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption
Sciences, vol 1, 2011, pp. 29-34.
[13] J. Prasek, J. Drbohlavova, J, Chomoucka, J. Hubalek, O. Jasek, V.
Adamc, and R. Kizek, ‘‘Methods for Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis
Review,’’ Journal of Materials Chemistry, J. Mater. Chem, 21, 2011,
pp. 15872.
[14] A. Merkoci, ‘‘Biosensing Using Nanomaterials,’’ ed. Wiley, New
Jersey, 2009.
[15] C. Laurent, E. Flahaut, and A. Peigney, Carbon, 48, 2010, pp. 2994-
2996.
[16] Z. B. He, J. L. Maurice, C. S. Lee, C. S. Cojocaru, and D. Pribat,
Arabian J. Sci. Eng., Sect. B, 35, 2010, pp. 19-28.
[17] J. H. Ting, J. Y. Lyu, F. Y. Huang, T. L. Li, C. L. Hsu, and C. W. Liu,
IEEE 17th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro- Nano
Symposium, Proceedings IEEE, New York, 2008, pp. 157- 160.
[18] C. J. Unrau, R. L. Axelbaum, and C. S. Lo, J. Phys. Chem. C, 114, 2010,
pp. 10430- 10435.
[19] S. A. Steiner, T. F. Baumann, B. C. Bayer, R. Blume, M. A. Worsley,
W. J. MoberlyChan, E. L. Shaw, R. Schlogl, A. J. Hart, S. Hofmann,
and B. L. Wardle, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 131, 2009, pp. 12144-12154.
[20] H. Tempel, R. Joshi, and J. J. Schneider, Mater. Chem. Phys., 121, 2010,
pp. 178–183.
[21] H. R. Byon, H. Lim, H. J. Song, and H. C. Choi, Korean Chem.Soc., 28,
2007, pp. 2056–2060.
[22] Y. M. Chen, and H. Y. Zhang, in Advances in Composites, ed. J. L.Bu,
Z. Y. Jiang and S. Jiao, Trans Tech Publications Ltd,Stafa-Zurich, Pts., 1
and 2, 2011, pp. 1560–1563.
[23] B. Brown, C. B. Parker, B. R. Stoner, and J. T. Glass, Carbon, 49,2011,
pp. 266–274.
[24] Y. Xu, E. Dervishi, A. R. Biris, and A. S. Biris, Mater. Lett., 65,2011,
pp. 1878–1881.
[25] Y. J. Zhu, T. J. Lin, Q. X. Liu, Y. L. Chen, G. F. Zhang, H. F.Xiong, and
H. Y. Zhang, Mater. Sci. Eng., B, 127, 2006, pp. 198- 202.
[26] N. Fotopoulos, and J. P. Xanthakis, Diamond Relat. Mater., 19,2010, pp.
557-561.
[27] O. Lee, J. Jung, S. Doo, S. S. Kim, T. H. Noh, K. I. Kim, and Y. S.Lim,
Met. Mater. Int., 16, 2010, pp. 663-667.
[28] R. Sharma, S. W. Chee, A. Herzing, R. Miranda, and P. Rez, Nano Lett.,
11, 2011, pp. 2464-2471.
[29] M. Palizdar, R. Ahgababazadeh, A. Mirhabibi, R. Brydson, and
S.Pilehvari, J. Nanosci.Nanotechnol, 11, 2011, pp. 5345-5351.
[30] T. Tomie, S. Inoue, M. Kohno, and Y. Matsumura, Diamond Relat.
Mater., 19, 2010, pp. 1401-1404.
[31] U. Narkiewicz, M. Podsiadly, R. Jedrzejewski, and I. Pelech,
Appl.Catal., A, 384, 2010, pp. 27-35.
[32] D. L. He, H. Li, W. L. Li, P. Haghi-Ashtiani, P. Lejay, and J. B.
Bai,Carbon, 49, 2011, pp. 2273-2286.
[33] G. Atthipalli, R. Epur, P. N. Kumta, M. J. Yang, J. K. Lee, and J.
L.Gray, J. Phys. Chem. C, 115, 2011, pp. 3534-3538.
[34] S. Santangelo, G. Messina, G. Faggio, M. Lanza, A. Pistone, and
C.Milone, J. Mater. Sci., 45, 2011, pp. 783-792.
[35] B. Hou, R. Xiang, T. Inoue, E. Einarsson, S. Chiashi, J. Shiomi,
A.Miyoshi, and S. Maruyama, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 50, 2011, pp. 4.
[36] B. Skukla, T. Saito, S. Ohmori, M. Koshi, M. Yumura, and S.
Iijima,Chem. Mater., 22, 2010, pp. 6035-6043.
[37] A. Szabo, C. Perri, A. Csato, G. Giordano, D. Vuono, and J. B.Nagy,
Materials, 3, 2010, pp. 3092-3140.
[38] H. Byeon, S. Y. Kim, K. H. Koh, and S. Lee, J. Nanosci.Nanotechnol,
10, 2010, pp. 6116-6119.
[39] V. A. Nebol’sin, and A. Y. Vorob’ev, Inorg. Mater, 47, 2011, pp. 128-
132.
[40] J. Lara-Romero, J. C. Calva-Yanez, J. Lopez-Tinoco, G. Alonso-Nunez,
S. Jimenez-Sandoval, and F. Paraguay-Delgado, Fullerenes,
Nanotubes, Carbon Nanostruct, 19, 2011, pp. 483- 496.
[41] R. Kumar, R. S. Tiwari, and O. N. Srivastava, Nanoscale Res. Lett.,6,
2011, pp. 6.
[42] S. Paul, and S. K. Samdarshi, New Carbon Mater., 26, 2011, pp. 85-88.
[43] M. I. Ionescu, Y. Zhang, R. Li, X. Sun, H. Abou-Rachid, and
L.S.Lussier, Appl. Surf. Sci., 257, 2011, pp. 6843-6849.
[44] G. Kucukayan, R. Ovali, S. Ilday, B. Baykal, H. Yurdakul, S. Turan, O.
Gulseren, and E. Bengu, Carbon, 49, 2011, pp. 508–517.
[45] C. Clauss, M. Schwarz, and E. Kroke, Carbon, 48, 2010, pp. 1137- 1145.
[46] Y. C. Liu, N. N. Zheng, J. D. Huang and B. M. Sun, Advanced Polymer
Science and Engineering, ed. C. H. Wang, L. X. Ma, and W.
Yang,Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zurich, 2011, pp. 99–103.
[47] Y. C. Liu, B. M. Sun, and Z. Y. Ding, Advanced Polymer Scienceand
Engineering, ed. C. H. Wang, L. X. Ma and W. Yang, Trans Tech
Publications Ltd, Stafa-Zurich, 2011, pp. 235-239.
[48] R. Jasti, and C. R. Bertozzi, Chem. Phys. Lett., 494, 2010, p. 1-7.
[49] Z. Ren, and S. Chen, ‘‘Mechanical Properties of NanometricParticulates
Reinforced Aluminum Composites,’’
http://www.materials.unsw.edu.au/NanoWeb
[50] S.M. Zebarjad, S.A, Sajjadi and E.Z. Vahid Karimi, ‘‘Influence
ofNanosized Silicon Carbide on Dimensional Stability of
Al/SicNanocomposite,’’ Research Letter in Material Science, Article
ID835746, 2008.
[51] L. Fischer, ‘‘Nano-Dispersion Strengthening of Aluminum,”
Introduction to Research, Literature Survey Report, University of
Colorado, 2004.
[52] P.E.C. Camargo, K.G. Satyanarayama, and F. Wypych,
“Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Opportunities,”
Material Research, 12, 1, 2009, pp. 1-39.
[53] I. Kruusenberg, N. Alexeyeva, K. Tammeveski, J. Kozlova, L.Matisen,
V. Sammelselg, J. Solla-Gull, and J. M. Feliu, Carbon, 49, 2011, pp.
4031-4039.
[54] N. M. Mubarak, F. Yusof, and M. F. Alkhatib, Chem. Eng.
J.(Amsterdam, Neth.), 168, 2011, pp. 461-469.
[55] C. Borgonovo, ‘‘Aluminum Nanocomposite Materials for High
Temperature Application,’’ Chapter II, Literature Review, University of
Bologna, 2009.
[56] Zhang and Chen, “Consideration of Orowan Strengthening Effectin
Particulate-Reinforced Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: A Modelfor
Predicting Their Yield Strength,” Scripta Materialia 54, 2006,pp. 1321-
1326.
[57] C. Li, E.T. Ostenson, and T.W. Chou, ‘‘Sensors and Actuators Based on
Carbon Nanotubes and their Composites: A Review,’’ Composites Sci.
Technol. 68, 2008, pp. 1227-1249.
[58] D.L. Shi, X.Q. Feng, Y.G.Y. Huang, K.C. Hwang, and H.J. Gao, ‘‘The
Effect of Nanotube Waviness and Agglomeration on theElastic Property
of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Composites,’’ J. Eng. Mater. Technol,
126, 2004, pp. 250-257.
@article{"International Journal of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Sciences:68506", author = "Olatunde I. Sekunowo and Stephen I. Durowaye and Ganiyu I. Lawal", title = "An Overview of Nano-Particles Effect on Mechanical Properties of Composites", abstract = "Composites depending on the nature of their
constituents and mode of production are regarded as one of the
advanced materials that drive today’s technology. This paper
attempts a short review of the subject matter with a general aim of
pushing to the next level the frontier of knowledge as it impacts the
technology of nano-particles manufacturing. The objectives entail an
effort to; aggregate recent research efforts in this field, analyse
research findings and observations, streamline research efforts and
support industry in taking decision on areas of fund deployment. It is
envisaged that this work will serve as a quick hand-on compendium
material for researchers in this field and a guide to relevant
government departments wishing to fund a research whose outcomes
have the potential of improving the nation’s GDP.
", keywords = "Advanced materials, Composites, Mechanical
properties, Nano-particles.", volume = "9", number = "1", pages = "1-7", }
