A New Implementation of PCA for Fast Face Detection
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has many
different important applications especially in pattern detection
such as face detection / recognition. Therefore, for real time
applications, the response time is required to be as small as
possible. In this paper, new implementation of PCA for fast
face detection is presented. Such new implementation is
designed based on cross correlation in the frequency domain
between the input image and eigenvectors (weights).
Simulation results show that the proposed implementation of
PCA is faster than conventional one.
[1] L. Sirovich and M. Kirby, "Low-dimensional procedure for the
characterization of human faces", Journal of the Optical Society of
America A, 4(3), 519-524, 1987.
[2] M. Kirby and L. Sirovich, "Application of the Karhunen-Loeve procedure
for the characterization of human faces", IEEE Transaction on Pattern
Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(1), 1990.
[3] M. Turk and A. Pentland, "Eigenfaces for recognition", Journal of
Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, no. 1, pp.71-86, 1991.
[4] www. Cs. Unchicagio.edu/~qingj/thesis/index.htm , " Principle
Component Analysis and Neural Network Based Face Recognition"
[5] J. A. Anderson, J. W. Silverstein, S. A. Ritz, and R. S. Jones and T.
Kohonen, " Discriminative features, categorical perception, and
probability learning: some applications of a neural model, " Psychological
Review, No. 84, pp. 413-451, 1977.
[6] T. Kohonen, " Associative Memory": A system theoretic approach. Berlin
: Springer - Velag, 1977.
[7] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Normalized Neural
Processors For Pattern Detection Based on Cross Correlation
Implemented in the Frequency Domain," Accepted and Under Publication
in the Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology.
[8] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Speeding-up Normalized Neural
Networks For Face/Object Detection," Machine Graphics & Vision
Journal (MG&V), vol. 14, No.1, 2005, pp. 29-59.
[9] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Time Delay Neural
Networks," the International Journal of Neural Systems, vol. 15, No.6,
December 2005, pp.445-455.
[10] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "A New Technique for Fast
Pattern Recognition Using Normalized Neural Networks," WSEAS
Transactions on Information Science and Applications, Issue 11, Vol. 2,
November 2005, pp. 1816-1835.
[11] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Pattern Detection Using
Normalized Neural Networks and Cross Correlation in the Frequency
Domain," EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Special Issue
on Advances in Intelligent Vision Systems: Methods and ApplicationsÔÇö
Part I, Vol. 2005, No. 13, 1 August 2005, pp. 2054-2060.
[12] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "A Fast Neural Algorithm for
Serial Code Detection in a Stream of Sequential Data," International
Journal of Information Technology, vol.2, no.1, pp. 71-90, 2005.
[13] Hazem M. El-bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Modified Time Delay Neural
Networks For Fast Data Processing," Proc. of IEEE Eighth International
Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications, Sydney, Australia,
August 28-31, 2005.
[14] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Human Iris Detection Using Fast Cooperative
Modular Neural Nets and Image Decomposition," Machine Graphics &
Vision Journal (MG&V), vol. 11, no. 4, 2002, pp. 498-512.
[15] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "New High Speed Normalized Neural Networks for
Fast Pattern Discovery on Web Pages," the International Journal of
Computer Science and Network Security, vol.6, No. 2A, Feb. 2006,
pp.142-152.
[16] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Face detection using fast neural networks and
image decomposition," Neurocomputing Journal, vol. 48, 2002, pp. 1039-
1046.
[17] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Automatic Human Face Recognition Using
Modular Neural Networks," Machine Graphics & Vision Journal
(MG&V), vol. 10, no. 1, 2001, pp. 47-73.
[18] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "New Faster Normalized Neural
Networks For Sub-Matrix Detection Using Cross Correlation in the
Frequency Domain and Matrix Decomposition," International Journal of
Signal Processing, vol.2, no.3, 2005, pp. 183-202.
[19] R. Klette, and Zamperon, "Handbook of image processing operators,"
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1996.
[20] James W. Cooley and John W. Tukey, "An algorithm for the machine
calculation of complex Fourier series," Math. Comput. 19, 297-301
(1965).
[21] J.P. Lewis, "Fast Normalized Cross Correlation", Available from
http://www.idiom.com/~zilla/
[22] www.Cs.Unchicagio.edu/~qingj/thesis/index.htm , " Principle
Component Analysis and Neural Network Based Face Recognition".
[1] L. Sirovich and M. Kirby, "Low-dimensional procedure for the
characterization of human faces", Journal of the Optical Society of
America A, 4(3), 519-524, 1987.
[2] M. Kirby and L. Sirovich, "Application of the Karhunen-Loeve procedure
for the characterization of human faces", IEEE Transaction on Pattern
Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 12(1), 1990.
[3] M. Turk and A. Pentland, "Eigenfaces for recognition", Journal of
Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 3, no. 1, pp.71-86, 1991.
[4] www. Cs. Unchicagio.edu/~qingj/thesis/index.htm , " Principle
Component Analysis and Neural Network Based Face Recognition"
[5] J. A. Anderson, J. W. Silverstein, S. A. Ritz, and R. S. Jones and T.
Kohonen, " Discriminative features, categorical perception, and
probability learning: some applications of a neural model, " Psychological
Review, No. 84, pp. 413-451, 1977.
[6] T. Kohonen, " Associative Memory": A system theoretic approach. Berlin
: Springer - Velag, 1977.
[7] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Normalized Neural
Processors For Pattern Detection Based on Cross Correlation
Implemented in the Frequency Domain," Accepted and Under Publication
in the Journal of Research and Practice in Information Technology.
[8] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Speeding-up Normalized Neural
Networks For Face/Object Detection," Machine Graphics & Vision
Journal (MG&V), vol. 14, No.1, 2005, pp. 29-59.
[9] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Time Delay Neural
Networks," the International Journal of Neural Systems, vol. 15, No.6,
December 2005, pp.445-455.
[10] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "A New Technique for Fast
Pattern Recognition Using Normalized Neural Networks," WSEAS
Transactions on Information Science and Applications, Issue 11, Vol. 2,
November 2005, pp. 1816-1835.
[11] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Fast Pattern Detection Using
Normalized Neural Networks and Cross Correlation in the Frequency
Domain," EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing, Special Issue
on Advances in Intelligent Vision Systems: Methods and ApplicationsÔÇö
Part I, Vol. 2005, No. 13, 1 August 2005, pp. 2054-2060.
[12] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "A Fast Neural Algorithm for
Serial Code Detection in a Stream of Sequential Data," International
Journal of Information Technology, vol.2, no.1, pp. 71-90, 2005.
[13] Hazem M. El-bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "Modified Time Delay Neural
Networks For Fast Data Processing," Proc. of IEEE Eighth International
Symposium on Signal Processing and its Applications, Sydney, Australia,
August 28-31, 2005.
[14] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Human Iris Detection Using Fast Cooperative
Modular Neural Nets and Image Decomposition," Machine Graphics &
Vision Journal (MG&V), vol. 11, no. 4, 2002, pp. 498-512.
[15] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "New High Speed Normalized Neural Networks for
Fast Pattern Discovery on Web Pages," the International Journal of
Computer Science and Network Security, vol.6, No. 2A, Feb. 2006,
pp.142-152.
[16] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Face detection using fast neural networks and
image decomposition," Neurocomputing Journal, vol. 48, 2002, pp. 1039-
1046.
[17] Hazem M. El-Bakry, "Automatic Human Face Recognition Using
Modular Neural Networks," Machine Graphics & Vision Journal
(MG&V), vol. 10, no. 1, 2001, pp. 47-73.
[18] Hazem M. El-Bakry, and Qiangfu Zhao, "New Faster Normalized Neural
Networks For Sub-Matrix Detection Using Cross Correlation in the
Frequency Domain and Matrix Decomposition," International Journal of
Signal Processing, vol.2, no.3, 2005, pp. 183-202.
[19] R. Klette, and Zamperon, "Handbook of image processing operators,"
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1996.
[20] James W. Cooley and John W. Tukey, "An algorithm for the machine
calculation of complex Fourier series," Math. Comput. 19, 297-301
(1965).
[21] J.P. Lewis, "Fast Normalized Cross Correlation", Available from
http://www.idiom.com/~zilla/
[22] www.Cs.Unchicagio.edu/~qingj/thesis/index.htm , " Principle
Component Analysis and Neural Network Based Face Recognition".
@article{"International Journal of Information, Control and Computer Sciences:56368", author = "Hazem M. El-Bakry", title = "A New Implementation of PCA for Fast Face Detection", abstract = "Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has many
different important applications especially in pattern detection
such as face detection / recognition. Therefore, for real time
applications, the response time is required to be as small as
possible. In this paper, new implementation of PCA for fast
face detection is presented. Such new implementation is
designed based on cross correlation in the frequency domain
between the input image and eigenvectors (weights).
Simulation results show that the proposed implementation of
PCA is faster than conventional one.", keywords = "Fast Face Detection, PCA, Cross Correlation,Frequency Domain", volume = "2", number = "4", pages = "1151-9", }
