Damage Evolution of Underground Structural Reinforced Concrete Small-Scale Static-Loading Experiments
Small-scale RC models of both piles and tunnel ducts
were produced as mockups of reality and loaded under soil
confinement conditionsto investigate the damage evolution of
structural RC interacting with soil. Experimental verifications usinga
3D nonlinear FE analysis program called COM3D, which was
developed at the University of Tokyo, are introduced. This analysis
has been used in practice for seismic performance assessment of
underground ducts and in-ground LNG storage tanks in consideration
of soil-structure interactionunder static and dynamic loading. Varying
modes of failure of RCpilessubjected to different magnitudes of soil
confinement were successfully reproduced in the proposed small-scale
experiments and numerically simulated as well. Analytical simulation
was applied to RC tunnel mockups under a wide variety of depth and
soil confinement conditions, and reasonable matching was confirmed.
[1] Hamada, M.(1992). "Large ground deformations and their effects on
lifelines: 1964Niigata earthquake. Case studies of liquefaction and
lifelines performance during past earthquakes," Technical Report
NCEER-92-0001, Volume 1, Japanese Case Studies, National Centre for
Earthquake Engineering Research. Buffalo, NY.
[2] EERI (2010). "The Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake of January 12, 2010,"
Report 1, Special Earthquake Report, Earthquake Engineering Research
Institute.
[3] Wilson, D. W. (1998) "Soil-pile-superstructure interaction in liquefying
sand and soft clay," PhD thesis, University of California, Davis, CA.
[4] Towhata, I. (2008). "Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering," Springer,
Germany.
[5] Maekawa, K., Pimanmas, A. and Okamura, H. (2003). "Nonlinear
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete," Spon Press, London.
[6] Maki, T., Maekawa, K., and Mutsuyoshi, H. (2005). "RC pile-soil
interaction analysis using a 3D-finite element method with fiber
theory-based beam elements," Earthquake Engineering and Structural
Dynamics, 99, 1-26.
[7] Tuladhar, R., Maki, T., and Mutsuyoshi, H. (2008). "Cyclic behavior of
laterally loaded concrete piles embedded into cohesive soil," Earthquake
Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 37, 43-59.
[8] Okhovat, M. R., and Maekawa, K.(2009) " Damage control of
underground RC structures subjected to service and seismic loads," PhD
thesis, University of Tokyo.
[9] Kato, B. (1979). "Mechanical properties of steel under load cycles
idealizing seismic action," CEB Bulletin D-Information, 131, 7-27.
[10] Towhata, I. and Ishihara, K. (1985) "Modeling soil behaviors under
principal stress axes rotation," 5th Int. Conf. on Numerical Method in
Geomechanics, Nagoya, 523-30.
[11] Masing, G.(1926 )"Eigenspannungen and VerfestigungBeim Messing,"
Proc. of Second International Congress of Applied Mechanics, 332,
Zurich.
[12] Konagai, K., Yin, Y., and Murono, Y. (2003) "Single beam analogy for
describing soil-pile group interaction," Soil Dynamics and Earthquake
Engineering, 23, 213-221.
[13] Maekawa, K. and An, X. (2000). "Shear failure and ductility of RC
columns after yielding of main reinforcement," Engineering Fracture
Mechanics, 65, 335-368.
[14] Li, B., Maekawa, K. and Okamura, H. (1989). "Contact density model for
stress transfer across crack in concrete," Journal of Faculty of
Engineering, University of Tokyo (B), 40(1), 9-52.
[15] Nam, S. H., Songa, H. W., Byuna, K. J., Maekawa, K. (2006)" Seismic
analysis of undergroundreinforced concrete structures
consideringelasto-plastic interface element with thickness,"Engineering
Structures, 28, 1122-1131.
[1] Hamada, M.(1992). "Large ground deformations and their effects on
lifelines: 1964Niigata earthquake. Case studies of liquefaction and
lifelines performance during past earthquakes," Technical Report
NCEER-92-0001, Volume 1, Japanese Case Studies, National Centre for
Earthquake Engineering Research. Buffalo, NY.
[2] EERI (2010). "The Mw 7.0 Haiti Earthquake of January 12, 2010,"
Report 1, Special Earthquake Report, Earthquake Engineering Research
Institute.
[3] Wilson, D. W. (1998) "Soil-pile-superstructure interaction in liquefying
sand and soft clay," PhD thesis, University of California, Davis, CA.
[4] Towhata, I. (2008). "Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering," Springer,
Germany.
[5] Maekawa, K., Pimanmas, A. and Okamura, H. (2003). "Nonlinear
Mechanics of Reinforced Concrete," Spon Press, London.
[6] Maki, T., Maekawa, K., and Mutsuyoshi, H. (2005). "RC pile-soil
interaction analysis using a 3D-finite element method with fiber
theory-based beam elements," Earthquake Engineering and Structural
Dynamics, 99, 1-26.
[7] Tuladhar, R., Maki, T., and Mutsuyoshi, H. (2008). "Cyclic behavior of
laterally loaded concrete piles embedded into cohesive soil," Earthquake
Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 37, 43-59.
[8] Okhovat, M. R., and Maekawa, K.(2009) " Damage control of
underground RC structures subjected to service and seismic loads," PhD
thesis, University of Tokyo.
[9] Kato, B. (1979). "Mechanical properties of steel under load cycles
idealizing seismic action," CEB Bulletin D-Information, 131, 7-27.
[10] Towhata, I. and Ishihara, K. (1985) "Modeling soil behaviors under
principal stress axes rotation," 5th Int. Conf. on Numerical Method in
Geomechanics, Nagoya, 523-30.
[11] Masing, G.(1926 )"Eigenspannungen and VerfestigungBeim Messing,"
Proc. of Second International Congress of Applied Mechanics, 332,
Zurich.
[12] Konagai, K., Yin, Y., and Murono, Y. (2003) "Single beam analogy for
describing soil-pile group interaction," Soil Dynamics and Earthquake
Engineering, 23, 213-221.
[13] Maekawa, K. and An, X. (2000). "Shear failure and ductility of RC
columns after yielding of main reinforcement," Engineering Fracture
Mechanics, 65, 335-368.
[14] Li, B., Maekawa, K. and Okamura, H. (1989). "Contact density model for
stress transfer across crack in concrete," Journal of Faculty of
Engineering, University of Tokyo (B), 40(1), 9-52.
[15] Nam, S. H., Songa, H. W., Byuna, K. J., Maekawa, K. (2006)" Seismic
analysis of undergroundreinforced concrete structures
consideringelasto-plastic interface element with thickness,"Engineering
Structures, 28, 1122-1131.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:61001", author = "Ahmed Mohammed Youssef Mohammed and Mohammad Reza Okhovat and Koichi Maekawa", title = "Damage Evolution of Underground Structural Reinforced Concrete Small-Scale Static-Loading Experiments", abstract = "Small-scale RC models of both piles and tunnel ducts
were produced as mockups of reality and loaded under soil
confinement conditionsto investigate the damage evolution of
structural RC interacting with soil. Experimental verifications usinga
3D nonlinear FE analysis program called COM3D, which was
developed at the University of Tokyo, are introduced. This analysis
has been used in practice for seismic performance assessment of
underground ducts and in-ground LNG storage tanks in consideration
of soil-structure interactionunder static and dynamic loading. Varying
modes of failure of RCpilessubjected to different magnitudes of soil
confinement were successfully reproduced in the proposed small-scale
experiments and numerically simulated as well. Analytical simulation
was applied to RC tunnel mockups under a wide variety of depth and
soil confinement conditions, and reasonable matching was confirmed.", keywords = "Soil-Structure Interaction, RC pile, RC Tunnel", volume = "6", number = "1", pages = "51-8", }