Electromyographic Activity of the Medial Gastrocnemius and Lateral Gastrocnemius Muscle during Salat-s and Specific Exercise
This paper investigates the activity of the
gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle in healthy subjects during salat (ruku-
position) and specific exercise [Unilateral Plantar Flexion Exercise
(UPFE)] using electromyography (EMG). Both lateral and medial
Gas muscles were assessed. A group of undergraduates aged between
19 to 25 years voluntarily participated in this study. The myoelectric
activity of the muscles were recorded and analyzed. The finding
indicated that there were contractions of the muscles during the salat
and exercise with almost same EMG-s level. From the result,
Wilcoxon-s Rank Sum test showed no significant difference between
ruku- and UPFE for both medial (p=0.082) and lateral (p=0.226) of
GAS muscles. Therefore, salat may be useful in strengthening
exercise and also in rehabilitation programs for lower limb activities.
[1] J. Hamill and K. M. Knutzen, K. M., "Biomechanical Basis of Human
Movement." 3rd ed. Philadelphia. PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins,
2009, pp. 81-90.
[2] J. H. Susan, "Basic Biomechanics." 5th ed. London: McGraw-Hill
Education, 2007, pp. 66-81.
[3] M. F. Reza, Y. Urakami, Y. Mano, "Evaluation of a New Physical
Exercise Taken From Salat (prayer) as a Short-Duration and Frequent
Physical Activity in the Rehabilitation of Geriatric and Disabled
Patients. "Annals of Saudi Medicine, pp. 22, 3-4. 2002.
[4] D.G. Sale, "Neural adaptation to resistance training." Medicine and
science in sport and exercise, vol. 20, pp. S135-S145, 1988.
[5] P. Aagaard, "Training induced change in neural function." Exercise and
Sport Science Review, vol. 31, pp. 61-67. 2003.
[6] S. Israel, S. "Age -related changes in strength and special groups. In P.
Komi (Ed.). Strength and Power in Sport." Boston: Blackwell Scientific,
1992, pp. 319-328.
[7] P. C. LaStayo, J. M. Woolf, M. D. Lewek et al., "Eccentric muscle
contractions: Their contribution to injury, prevention, rehabilitation and
sport." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sport Physical Theraphy, vol. 33, pp.
557-571, 2003.
[8] SENIAM (2007). Surface Electromyography for the Non-Invasive
Assessment of Muscles. Available online at http:www.seniam.org
(Accessed 20 January 2010)
[9] R. P. Wells, "Mechanical energy costs of human movement: an
approach to evaluating the transfer possibilities of two-joint muscles."
Journal of biomechanics, vol. 21, pp. 955-964, 1988.
[10] J. A. Halbert, C. A. Silagy, P. Finucane, R. T. Withers, P. A. Hamdorf,
G. R. Andrews, " The effectiveness of exercise training in lowering
blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of 4
weeks or longer." J. Human Hypertension, vol. 11, pp. 641-649, 1997.
[11] A. Korkmaz, Öter , "The Role Of Exercıse and Diet in Hypertension
Treatment Turkiye Klinikleri." J. Med. Sci, vol. 18, pp. 213- 219, 1998.
[12] M. Hamer and E. Stamatakis, "Physical activity and mortality in men
and women with diagnosed cardiovascular disease." Eur. J. Cardiovasc
Prev. Rehabil, vol. 16, pp. 156-160. 2009.
[13] J. P. Barlet, v. Coxam and M. J. Davicco, "Physical exercise and the
skeleton." Arch Physiol Biochem, vol. 103, pp. 681-686, 1995.
[14] J. Perry, C. S. Easterday and D. J. Antonelli, "Surface Versus
Interamuscular Electrodes for Electromyography of Superficial and
Deep Muscles. " Physical Therapy, vol 61, pp.7-15, 1981.
[1] J. Hamill and K. M. Knutzen, K. M., "Biomechanical Basis of Human
Movement." 3rd ed. Philadelphia. PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins,
2009, pp. 81-90.
[2] J. H. Susan, "Basic Biomechanics." 5th ed. London: McGraw-Hill
Education, 2007, pp. 66-81.
[3] M. F. Reza, Y. Urakami, Y. Mano, "Evaluation of a New Physical
Exercise Taken From Salat (prayer) as a Short-Duration and Frequent
Physical Activity in the Rehabilitation of Geriatric and Disabled
Patients. "Annals of Saudi Medicine, pp. 22, 3-4. 2002.
[4] D.G. Sale, "Neural adaptation to resistance training." Medicine and
science in sport and exercise, vol. 20, pp. S135-S145, 1988.
[5] P. Aagaard, "Training induced change in neural function." Exercise and
Sport Science Review, vol. 31, pp. 61-67. 2003.
[6] S. Israel, S. "Age -related changes in strength and special groups. In P.
Komi (Ed.). Strength and Power in Sport." Boston: Blackwell Scientific,
1992, pp. 319-328.
[7] P. C. LaStayo, J. M. Woolf, M. D. Lewek et al., "Eccentric muscle
contractions: Their contribution to injury, prevention, rehabilitation and
sport." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sport Physical Theraphy, vol. 33, pp.
557-571, 2003.
[8] SENIAM (2007). Surface Electromyography for the Non-Invasive
Assessment of Muscles. Available online at http:www.seniam.org
(Accessed 20 January 2010)
[9] R. P. Wells, "Mechanical energy costs of human movement: an
approach to evaluating the transfer possibilities of two-joint muscles."
Journal of biomechanics, vol. 21, pp. 955-964, 1988.
[10] J. A. Halbert, C. A. Silagy, P. Finucane, R. T. Withers, P. A. Hamdorf,
G. R. Andrews, " The effectiveness of exercise training in lowering
blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of 4
weeks or longer." J. Human Hypertension, vol. 11, pp. 641-649, 1997.
[11] A. Korkmaz, Öter , "The Role Of Exercıse and Diet in Hypertension
Treatment Turkiye Klinikleri." J. Med. Sci, vol. 18, pp. 213- 219, 1998.
[12] M. Hamer and E. Stamatakis, "Physical activity and mortality in men
and women with diagnosed cardiovascular disease." Eur. J. Cardiovasc
Prev. Rehabil, vol. 16, pp. 156-160. 2009.
[13] J. P. Barlet, v. Coxam and M. J. Davicco, "Physical exercise and the
skeleton." Arch Physiol Biochem, vol. 103, pp. 681-686, 1995.
[14] J. Perry, C. S. Easterday and D. J. Antonelli, "Surface Versus
Interamuscular Electrodes for Electromyography of Superficial and
Deep Muscles. " Physical Therapy, vol 61, pp.7-15, 1981.
@article{"International Journal of Medical, Medicine and Health Sciences:51857", author = "M. K. M. Safee and W. A. B. Wan Abas and N. A. Abu Osman and F. Ibrahim", title = "Electromyographic Activity of the Medial Gastrocnemius and Lateral Gastrocnemius Muscle during Salat-s and Specific Exercise", abstract = "This paper investigates the activity of the
gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle in healthy subjects during salat (ruku-
position) and specific exercise [Unilateral Plantar Flexion Exercise
(UPFE)] using electromyography (EMG). Both lateral and medial
Gas muscles were assessed. A group of undergraduates aged between
19 to 25 years voluntarily participated in this study. The myoelectric
activity of the muscles were recorded and analyzed. The finding
indicated that there were contractions of the muscles during the salat
and exercise with almost same EMG-s level. From the result,
Wilcoxon-s Rank Sum test showed no significant difference between
ruku- and UPFE for both medial (p=0.082) and lateral (p=0.226) of
GAS muscles. Therefore, salat may be useful in strengthening
exercise and also in rehabilitation programs for lower limb activities.", keywords = "Electromyography, salat, exercise, muscle.", volume = "7", number = "6", pages = "241-3", }