Thinned Elliptical Cylindrical Antenna Array Synthesis Using Particle Swarm Optimization
This paper describes optimal thinning of an Elliptical
Cylindrical Array (ECA) of uniformly excited isotropic antennas
which can generate directive beam with minimum relative Side Lobe
Level (SLL). The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method, which
represents a new approach for optimization problems in
electromagnetic, is used in the optimization process. The PSO is used
to determine the optimal set of ‘ON-OFF’ elements that provides a
radiation pattern with maximum SLL reduction. Optimization is done
without prefixing the value of First Null Beam Width (FNBW). The
variation of SLL with element spacing of thinned array is also
reported. Simulation results show that the number of array elements
can be reduced by more than 50% of the total number of elements in
the array with a simultaneous reduction in SLL to less than -27dB.
[1] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory and Design, 3rd Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, 2005.
[2] M. Chryssomallis, "Smart antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation
Magazine, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 129-136, Jun. 2000.
[3] P. Ioannides and C. A. Balanis, "Uniform circular arrays for smart
antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 47, no. 4,
pp. 192-206, Aug. 2005.
[4] A. A. Lotfi, M. Ghiamy, M. N. Moghaddasi, and R. A. Sadeghzadeh,
"An investigation of hybrid elliptical antenna arrays,” IET Microw.
Antennas Prop., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 28-34, Jan. 2008.
[5] K. R. Mahmoud, M. El-Adway, S. M. M. Ibrahem, R. Basnel, R.
Mahmoud, and S. H. Zainud-Deen, "A comparison between circular and
hexagonal array geometries for smart antenna systems using particle
swarm algorithm,” Progress in Electromagnetic Research, PIER, vol.
72, pp. 75-90, 2007.
[6] M. Dessouky, H. Sharshar, and Y. Albagory, "Efficient sidelobe
reduction technique for small - sized concentric circular arrays,”
Progress in Electromagnetics Research, PIER, vol. 65, pp. 187-200,
2006.
[7] R. Bera and J. S. Roy, "Optimization of Thinned Elliptical Antenna
Arrays Using Particle Swarm Optimization,” In Proc. IEEE CODIS, pp.
527-530, Kolkata, 28-29 Dec. 2012.
[8] A. Razavi, and K. Forooraghi, "Thinned arrays using pattern search
algorithms,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 78, 61-71,
2008.
[9] R. L. Haupt, "Thinned arrays using genetic algorithms,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag., Vol. 42, No. 7, pp. 993-999, 1994.
[10] L. Schwartzman, "Element behaviour in a thinned array,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag., Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 571-572, 1967.
[11] D. Mandal, S. P. Ghoshal, A. K. Bhattacharjee, "Design of Concentric
Circular Antenna Array With Central Element Feeding Using Particle
Swarm Optimization With Constriction Factor and Inertia Weight
Approach and Evolutionary Programming Technique” Journal of
Infrared Milli Terahz Waves, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 667 680, 2010.
[12] R. C. Eberhart, and Y. Shi, "Particle swarm optimization:
Developments, applications and resources," Proc. Evolutionary
Computation Congress, vol. 1, pp. 81-86, 2001.
[13] N. Jin and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Advances in particle swarm optimization
for antenna designs: Real-number, binary, single-objective and
multiobjective implementations,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.
55, no. 3, pp. 556-567, March 2007.
[1] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory and Design, 3rd Edition, John
Wiley & Sons, 2005.
[2] M. Chryssomallis, "Smart antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation
Magazine, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 129-136, Jun. 2000.
[3] P. Ioannides and C. A. Balanis, "Uniform circular arrays for smart
antennas,” IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, vol. 47, no. 4,
pp. 192-206, Aug. 2005.
[4] A. A. Lotfi, M. Ghiamy, M. N. Moghaddasi, and R. A. Sadeghzadeh,
"An investigation of hybrid elliptical antenna arrays,” IET Microw.
Antennas Prop., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 28-34, Jan. 2008.
[5] K. R. Mahmoud, M. El-Adway, S. M. M. Ibrahem, R. Basnel, R.
Mahmoud, and S. H. Zainud-Deen, "A comparison between circular and
hexagonal array geometries for smart antenna systems using particle
swarm algorithm,” Progress in Electromagnetic Research, PIER, vol.
72, pp. 75-90, 2007.
[6] M. Dessouky, H. Sharshar, and Y. Albagory, "Efficient sidelobe
reduction technique for small - sized concentric circular arrays,”
Progress in Electromagnetics Research, PIER, vol. 65, pp. 187-200,
2006.
[7] R. Bera and J. S. Roy, "Optimization of Thinned Elliptical Antenna
Arrays Using Particle Swarm Optimization,” In Proc. IEEE CODIS, pp.
527-530, Kolkata, 28-29 Dec. 2012.
[8] A. Razavi, and K. Forooraghi, "Thinned arrays using pattern search
algorithms,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 78, 61-71,
2008.
[9] R. L. Haupt, "Thinned arrays using genetic algorithms,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag., Vol. 42, No. 7, pp. 993-999, 1994.
[10] L. Schwartzman, "Element behaviour in a thinned array,” IEEE Trans.
Antennas Propag., Vol. 15, No. 7, pp. 571-572, 1967.
[11] D. Mandal, S. P. Ghoshal, A. K. Bhattacharjee, "Design of Concentric
Circular Antenna Array With Central Element Feeding Using Particle
Swarm Optimization With Constriction Factor and Inertia Weight
Approach and Evolutionary Programming Technique” Journal of
Infrared Milli Terahz Waves, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 667 680, 2010.
[12] R. C. Eberhart, and Y. Shi, "Particle swarm optimization:
Developments, applications and resources," Proc. Evolutionary
Computation Congress, vol. 1, pp. 81-86, 2001.
[13] N. Jin and Y. Rahmat-Samii, "Advances in particle swarm optimization
for antenna designs: Real-number, binary, single-objective and
multiobjective implementations,” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol.
55, no. 3, pp. 556-567, March 2007.
@article{"International Journal of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Sciences:66079", author = "Rajesh Bera and Durbadal Mandal and Rajib Kar and Sakti P. Ghoshal", title = "Thinned Elliptical Cylindrical Antenna Array Synthesis Using Particle Swarm Optimization", abstract = "This paper describes optimal thinning of an Elliptical
Cylindrical Array (ECA) of uniformly excited isotropic antennas
which can generate directive beam with minimum relative Side Lobe
Level (SLL). The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method, which
represents a new approach for optimization problems in
electromagnetic, is used in the optimization process. The PSO is used
to determine the optimal set of ‘ON-OFF’ elements that provides a
radiation pattern with maximum SLL reduction. Optimization is done
without prefixing the value of First Null Beam Width (FNBW). The
variation of SLL with element spacing of thinned array is also
reported. Simulation results show that the number of array elements
can be reduced by more than 50% of the total number of elements in
the array with a simultaneous reduction in SLL to less than -27dB.
", keywords = "Thinned array, Particle Swarm Optimization,
Elliptical Cylindrical Array, Side Lobe Label.", volume = "8", number = "1", pages = "32-5", }
