[1] Gaskin IM, Childbirth without fear, Pinter&Martin Ltd, London,
2009.
[2] Hofberg K, Ward MR, "Fear of childbirh, tocophobia, and mental
health in mothers: the obstetric-psychiatric interface", Clinical
Obstetrics and Gynecology, 47, 2004, pp. 527-534.
[3] Lowe NK, "The nature of labor pain". Am J Obstet Gynecol, 186
(Suppl. 1), 2002, pp.16-24.
[4] Phumdoung S, Good M, "Music Reduces Sensation and Distress of
Labor Pain", Pain Management Nursing, 4(2), 2003, pp.54-61.
[5] Beigi NM, Broumandfar K, Bahadoran P, Abedi HA, "Women-s
experience of pain during childbirth", Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,
15(2), 2010, pp.77-82.
[6] Catrine AN, Murphy-Black T, "Memory for labor pain: A review of
the literature", Birth, 27(4), 2000, pp.244-253.
[7] Madden KL, Turnbull D, Cyna AM, Allan MC, Adelson P, Wilkson
C, "Pain relief for childbirth: The preferences of pregnant women,
midwives and obstetricians", Women and Birth, WOMBI-222, 2012,
pp.1- 8.
[8] Eappen S, Robbins D. "Nonpharmacological Means of Pain Relief for
Labor and Delivery", International Anesthesiology Clinics, 40(4),
2002, pp.103-114.
[9] Browning CA. "Using music during childbirth", Birth, 27(4), 2000,
pp. 272-276.
[10] Simkin P, Bolding A. "Update on Nonpharmacologic Approaches to
Relieve Labor Pain and Prevent Suffering", Journal of Midwifery &
Women-s Health, 46(6), 2004, pp.489- 504.
[11] Haines H, Pallant J, Karlstr A, Hildingsson I, "Cross-cultural
comparison of levels of childbirth-related fear in an Australian and
Swedish sample", Midwifery, 27, 2011, pp. 560-567.
[12] Saisto T, Aro K, Nurmi EJ, Halmesmaki E, "Psychosocial
characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal
childbirth". British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 108,
2001, pp.492-498.
[13] Roth D, Antony MM, Swinson RP, "Interpretations for anxiety
symptoms in social phobia, Behaviour Research and Therapy", 39,
2001, pp.129-138.
[14] DiRenzo GC, "Tocophobia: a new indication for Cesarean delivery?",
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 13, 2003, pp.
217.
[15] Kör├╝kc├╝ ├û, Kukulu K, F─▒rat MZ, "The Secret Nightmare That
Women Living: Tocophobia", Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics,
22(2), 2008, pp.127-135.
[16] Wijma K, Wijma B, Zar M, "Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ; a
new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth". Journal
of Psychosomatic Obstetric and Gynaecology, 19, 1998, pp.84-97.
[17] Kör├╝kc├╝ ├û, Kukulu K, Firat MZ, "The reliability and validity of the
Turkish version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience
Questionnaire with pregnant women", Journal of Psychiatric and
Mental Health Nursing, 19, 2012, pp. 193-202.
[18] Ryding EL, Persson A, Onell C, Kvist L, "An evaluation of
midwives- counseling of pregnant women in fear of childbirth", Acta
Obstetricia Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82, 2003, 10-17.
[19] Johnson R, Slade P, "Does fear of childbirth during pregnancy predict
emergency caesarean section", BJOG, 109, 2002, pp.1213-1221.
[20] Wiklund I, Edman G, Ryding EL, Andolf E, "Expectation and
experiences of childbirth in primiparae with caesarean section",
BJOG, 115, 2008, pp.324-331.
[21] Jöreskog KG, Sörbom D, LISREL VI: Analysis of linear structural
relationships by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables, and
least squares methods, Scientific Software, Mooresville, 1986.
[22] Bentler PM, Dudgeon P, "Covariance structure analysis: Statistical
practice, theory, and directions". Annual Review of Psychology, 47,
1996, pp.563-592.
[23] Brown MW, Cudeck R, Alternative ways of assessing model fit, In
KA. Bollen & JS. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models.
CA: Sage, Newbury Park, 1993.
[24] Hu L, Bentler PM, "Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance
structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives".
Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1999, pp. 1-55.
[25] Bentler PM, Bonett DG, "Significance tests and goodness of fit in the
analysis of covariance structures". Psychological Bulletin, 88, 1980,
pp. 588-606.
[26] Bentler PM, "Comparative fit indexes in structural models".
Psychological Bulletin, 107, 1990, pp.238-246.
[27] Kieffer KM, "An introductory primer on the appropriate use of
exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis". Research in the
schools, 6, 1999, pp.75-92.
[28] Curran PJ, West SG, Finch JF, "The robustness of test statistics to
nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis",
Psychological Methods, 1, 1996, pp.16-29.
[29] Hu L, Bentler PM, Kano Y, "Can test statistics in covariance structure
analysis be trusted?", Psychological Bulletin, 112, 1992, pp.351-362.
[30] West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ, Structural equation models with
nonnormal variables: Problems and remedies, In Hoyle R H (Ed.),
Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications,
Sage, Newbury Park, CA, 1995.
[31] Browne MW, "Asymptotically distribution-free methods for the
analysis of covariance structures". British Journal of Mathematical
and Statistical Psychology, 37, 1984, pp.62-83.
[32] Satorra A, Bentler PM, Corrections to test statistics and standard
errors in covariance structure analysis, In A. Von Eye, CC Clogg
(Eds.), Analysis of latent variables in developmental research, Sage,
Newbury Park, CA, 1994.
[33] Kline RB, Principles and practice of structural equation modeling,
Guilford Press, New York, 2005.
[34] Tucker LR, Lewis CA, "Reliability coefficient for maximum
likelihood factor analysis". Psychometrika, 38, 2006, pp.1-10.
[35] Birth Traditions,
http://www.turkishculture.org/lifestyles/ceremonies/birth/birthtraditions-
216.htm?type=1
[36] Ayaz S, Yaman ES, "Traditional practices used by infertile women in
Turkey". International nursing review, 57, 2010, pp.383-387
[37] Tatar M, Gunalp S, Somuno─ƒlu A, Demirol A, "Women's perceptions
of caesarean section: refections from a Turkish teaching hospital",
Social Science & Medicine, 50, 2000, pp. 1227-1233.
[38] Turkey Statical Yearbook, 2009,
http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/yillik/stat_yearbook.pdf
[39] Storksen HT, Eberhard-Grand M, Niegel SG, Eskild A, "Fear of
childbirth; the relation to anxiety and depression". Acta Obstetrica et
Gynecologica and Scandinavica, 91, 2012, pp. 237-242.
[1] Gaskin IM, Childbirth without fear, Pinter&Martin Ltd, London,
2009.
[2] Hofberg K, Ward MR, "Fear of childbirh, tocophobia, and mental
health in mothers: the obstetric-psychiatric interface", Clinical
Obstetrics and Gynecology, 47, 2004, pp. 527-534.
[3] Lowe NK, "The nature of labor pain". Am J Obstet Gynecol, 186
(Suppl. 1), 2002, pp.16-24.
[4] Phumdoung S, Good M, "Music Reduces Sensation and Distress of
Labor Pain", Pain Management Nursing, 4(2), 2003, pp.54-61.
[5] Beigi NM, Broumandfar K, Bahadoran P, Abedi HA, "Women-s
experience of pain during childbirth", Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res,
15(2), 2010, pp.77-82.
[6] Catrine AN, Murphy-Black T, "Memory for labor pain: A review of
the literature", Birth, 27(4), 2000, pp.244-253.
[7] Madden KL, Turnbull D, Cyna AM, Allan MC, Adelson P, Wilkson
C, "Pain relief for childbirth: The preferences of pregnant women,
midwives and obstetricians", Women and Birth, WOMBI-222, 2012,
pp.1- 8.
[8] Eappen S, Robbins D. "Nonpharmacological Means of Pain Relief for
Labor and Delivery", International Anesthesiology Clinics, 40(4),
2002, pp.103-114.
[9] Browning CA. "Using music during childbirth", Birth, 27(4), 2000,
pp. 272-276.
[10] Simkin P, Bolding A. "Update on Nonpharmacologic Approaches to
Relieve Labor Pain and Prevent Suffering", Journal of Midwifery &
Women-s Health, 46(6), 2004, pp.489- 504.
[11] Haines H, Pallant J, Karlstr A, Hildingsson I, "Cross-cultural
comparison of levels of childbirth-related fear in an Australian and
Swedish sample", Midwifery, 27, 2011, pp. 560-567.
[12] Saisto T, Aro K, Nurmi EJ, Halmesmaki E, "Psychosocial
characteristics of women and their partners fearing vaginal
childbirth". British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 108,
2001, pp.492-498.
[13] Roth D, Antony MM, Swinson RP, "Interpretations for anxiety
symptoms in social phobia, Behaviour Research and Therapy", 39,
2001, pp.129-138.
[14] DiRenzo GC, "Tocophobia: a new indication for Cesarean delivery?",
The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 13, 2003, pp.
217.
[15] Kör├╝kc├╝ ├û, Kukulu K, F─▒rat MZ, "The Secret Nightmare That
Women Living: Tocophobia", Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics,
22(2), 2008, pp.127-135.
[16] Wijma K, Wijma B, Zar M, "Psychometric aspects of the W-DEQ; a
new questionnaire for the measurement of fear of childbirth". Journal
of Psychosomatic Obstetric and Gynaecology, 19, 1998, pp.84-97.
[17] Kör├╝kc├╝ ├û, Kukulu K, Firat MZ, "The reliability and validity of the
Turkish version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience
Questionnaire with pregnant women", Journal of Psychiatric and
Mental Health Nursing, 19, 2012, pp. 193-202.
[18] Ryding EL, Persson A, Onell C, Kvist L, "An evaluation of
midwives- counseling of pregnant women in fear of childbirth", Acta
Obstetricia Gynecologica Scandinavica, 82, 2003, 10-17.
[19] Johnson R, Slade P, "Does fear of childbirth during pregnancy predict
emergency caesarean section", BJOG, 109, 2002, pp.1213-1221.
[20] Wiklund I, Edman G, Ryding EL, Andolf E, "Expectation and
experiences of childbirth in primiparae with caesarean section",
BJOG, 115, 2008, pp.324-331.
[21] Jöreskog KG, Sörbom D, LISREL VI: Analysis of linear structural
relationships by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables, and
least squares methods, Scientific Software, Mooresville, 1986.
[22] Bentler PM, Dudgeon P, "Covariance structure analysis: Statistical
practice, theory, and directions". Annual Review of Psychology, 47,
1996, pp.563-592.
[23] Brown MW, Cudeck R, Alternative ways of assessing model fit, In
KA. Bollen & JS. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models.
CA: Sage, Newbury Park, 1993.
[24] Hu L, Bentler PM, "Cutoff criteria for fit indices in covariance
structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives".
Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1999, pp. 1-55.
[25] Bentler PM, Bonett DG, "Significance tests and goodness of fit in the
analysis of covariance structures". Psychological Bulletin, 88, 1980,
pp. 588-606.
[26] Bentler PM, "Comparative fit indexes in structural models".
Psychological Bulletin, 107, 1990, pp.238-246.
[27] Kieffer KM, "An introductory primer on the appropriate use of
exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis". Research in the
schools, 6, 1999, pp.75-92.
[28] Curran PJ, West SG, Finch JF, "The robustness of test statistics to
nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis",
Psychological Methods, 1, 1996, pp.16-29.
[29] Hu L, Bentler PM, Kano Y, "Can test statistics in covariance structure
analysis be trusted?", Psychological Bulletin, 112, 1992, pp.351-362.
[30] West SG, Finch JF, Curran PJ, Structural equation models with
nonnormal variables: Problems and remedies, In Hoyle R H (Ed.),
Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and applications,
Sage, Newbury Park, CA, 1995.
[31] Browne MW, "Asymptotically distribution-free methods for the
analysis of covariance structures". British Journal of Mathematical
and Statistical Psychology, 37, 1984, pp.62-83.
[32] Satorra A, Bentler PM, Corrections to test statistics and standard
errors in covariance structure analysis, In A. Von Eye, CC Clogg
(Eds.), Analysis of latent variables in developmental research, Sage,
Newbury Park, CA, 1994.
[33] Kline RB, Principles and practice of structural equation modeling,
Guilford Press, New York, 2005.
[34] Tucker LR, Lewis CA, "Reliability coefficient for maximum
likelihood factor analysis". Psychometrika, 38, 2006, pp.1-10.
[35] Birth Traditions,
http://www.turkishculture.org/lifestyles/ceremonies/birth/birthtraditions-
216.htm?type=1
[36] Ayaz S, Yaman ES, "Traditional practices used by infertile women in
Turkey". International nursing review, 57, 2010, pp.383-387
[37] Tatar M, Gunalp S, Somuno─ƒlu A, Demirol A, "Women's perceptions
of caesarean section: refections from a Turkish teaching hospital",
Social Science & Medicine, 50, 2000, pp. 1227-1233.
[38] Turkey Statical Yearbook, 2009,
http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/yillik/stat_yearbook.pdf
[39] Storksen HT, Eberhard-Grand M, Niegel SG, Eskild A, "Fear of
childbirth; the relation to anxiety and depression". Acta Obstetrica et
Gynecologica and Scandinavica, 91, 2012, pp. 237-242.
