The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Micro-enterprise Development in Kenya: A Study of Obunga Slum in Kisumu
The performances of small and medium enterprises
have stagnated in the last two decades. This has mainly been due to
the emergence of HIV / Aids. The disease has had a detrimental
effect on the general economy of the country leading to morbidity
and mortality of the Kenyan workforce in their primary age. The
present study sought to establish the economic impact of HIV / Aids
on the micro-enterprise development in Obunga slum – Kisumu, in
terms of production loss, increasing labor related cost and to establish
possible strategies to address the impact of HIV / Aids on microenterprises.
The study was necessitated by the observation that most
micro-enterprises in the slum are facing severe economic and social
crisis due to the impact of HIV / Aids, they get depleted and close
down within a short time due to death of skilled and experience
workforce. The study was carried out between June 2008 and June
2009 in Obunga slum. Data was subjected to computer aided
statistical analysis that included descriptive statistic, chi-squared and
ANOVA techniques. Chi-squared analysis on the micro-enterprise
owners opinion on the impact of HIV / Aids on depletion of microenterprise
compared to other diseases indicated high levels of the
negative effects of the disease at significance levels of P<0.01.
Analysis of variance on the impact of HIV / Aids on the performance
and productivity of micro-enterprises also indicated a negative effect
on the general performance of micro-enterprise at significance levels
of P<0.01. Therefore reducing the negative impacts of HIV/Aids on
micro-enterprise development, there is need to improve the socioeconomic
environment, mobilize donors and stake holders in training
and funding, and review the current strategies for addressing the
disease. Further conclusive research should also be conducted on a
bigger scale.
[1] P. Achola, "Impact of HIV / Aids on micro-finance". A case study on
HIV/Aids Mitigation MEDA. 2000.
[2] J. A. Alade, D. K. Sharma and P. H. Sharma, "The role of microenterprise
finance in economic development" Journal of Academy of
Business and economics. 2003.
[3] T. Barnet and P. Blaikie "Aids in Africa its present and future impact".
London. Belhaven Press. 1992.
[4] T. Benett and A. Whitesand, "Poverty and HIV / Aids: impact, coping
and mitigation policy". 2004.
[5] F. D. Cox ," The Aids booklet. New York: McGraw-Hill Book
Company. 2000.
[6] R. F. Denzin, "The Research Act. A Theoretical Introduction to
Sociological Methods". New York: McGraw-Hill. 1989.
[7] D. Gachuhi, "The Impact of HIV/Aids on Education System in the
Eastern and Southern Africa Region". 1999.
[8] ILO, "HIV / Aids; A threat to decent work, productivity and
development. A document for discussion at the special High level
meeting on HIV/Aids and the world of work". 2000.
[9] K. King, "Micro-economic environment: revisiting Kenya-s (jua kali)
sector against the background of formal globalizing economy". New
York: McGraw-Hill. 1999.
[10] Kiragu, K. & Zabin, L.S. (1993). The Correlates of Premarital Sexual
Activity Among School -Age Adolescents in Kenya International
Perspective in Family Planning, vol. 19, No 3.
[11] J. E. Mark "The impact of HIV / Aids on Zambian economy. IMF Nalo,
D., Hancock, J., Aoko, M., Mutemi, R., Clark, H., & Forsythe, S.
(1996). The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/ Aids. 2002.
[12] E. Ndemo, "Assessing sustainability of faith-based enterprises in Kenya.
International Journal of Social Economics". Vol. 33, issue 5/6. 2006.
[13] W. O. Odek, A. Constigan, E. Ngugi, F. Plummer, M. Oneko and S.
Moses, "Benefits of collaboration between HIV/STI prevention projects
and micro-enterprises developmentorganizations (MDOs). International
conference on Aids. 2000.
[14] H. W. Odiwuor, "The impact of HIV / Aids on Primary Education. A
case study on the selected District of Kenya. Institute of International
education Stockholm University. 2000.
[15] W. Y. Oso, and D. Onen, "A general guide to writing research proposal
and report. A handbook for beginning researchers". Kenya: Option
Press. 2005.
[16] C. Shisana and L. Letlape, "The impact of HIV /Aids on the sub-saharan
African economy. Commission for Africa. 2004.
[17] Urban Planning Kisumu Municipal Council Statistical Bureau. 2007.
[18] USAID/UNICEF, "Children Affected by HIV/AIDS in Kenya: An
Overview of Issues and Action to Strengthen Community Care and
Support Report of a Combined Assessment of Programming in Kenya
for Children and Families Affected by HIV/AIDS".1999.
[1] P. Achola, "Impact of HIV / Aids on micro-finance". A case study on
HIV/Aids Mitigation MEDA. 2000.
[2] J. A. Alade, D. K. Sharma and P. H. Sharma, "The role of microenterprise
finance in economic development" Journal of Academy of
Business and economics. 2003.
[3] T. Barnet and P. Blaikie "Aids in Africa its present and future impact".
London. Belhaven Press. 1992.
[4] T. Benett and A. Whitesand, "Poverty and HIV / Aids: impact, coping
and mitigation policy". 2004.
[5] F. D. Cox ," The Aids booklet. New York: McGraw-Hill Book
Company. 2000.
[6] R. F. Denzin, "The Research Act. A Theoretical Introduction to
Sociological Methods". New York: McGraw-Hill. 1989.
[7] D. Gachuhi, "The Impact of HIV/Aids on Education System in the
Eastern and Southern Africa Region". 1999.
[8] ILO, "HIV / Aids; A threat to decent work, productivity and
development. A document for discussion at the special High level
meeting on HIV/Aids and the world of work". 2000.
[9] K. King, "Micro-economic environment: revisiting Kenya-s (jua kali)
sector against the background of formal globalizing economy". New
York: McGraw-Hill. 1999.
[10] Kiragu, K. & Zabin, L.S. (1993). The Correlates of Premarital Sexual
Activity Among School -Age Adolescents in Kenya International
Perspective in Family Planning, vol. 19, No 3.
[11] J. E. Mark "The impact of HIV / Aids on Zambian economy. IMF Nalo,
D., Hancock, J., Aoko, M., Mutemi, R., Clark, H., & Forsythe, S.
(1996). The Macroeconomic Impact of HIV/ Aids. 2002.
[12] E. Ndemo, "Assessing sustainability of faith-based enterprises in Kenya.
International Journal of Social Economics". Vol. 33, issue 5/6. 2006.
[13] W. O. Odek, A. Constigan, E. Ngugi, F. Plummer, M. Oneko and S.
Moses, "Benefits of collaboration between HIV/STI prevention projects
and micro-enterprises developmentorganizations (MDOs). International
conference on Aids. 2000.
[14] H. W. Odiwuor, "The impact of HIV / Aids on Primary Education. A
case study on the selected District of Kenya. Institute of International
education Stockholm University. 2000.
[15] W. Y. Oso, and D. Onen, "A general guide to writing research proposal
and report. A handbook for beginning researchers". Kenya: Option
Press. 2005.
[16] C. Shisana and L. Letlape, "The impact of HIV /Aids on the sub-saharan
African economy. Commission for Africa. 2004.
[17] Urban Planning Kisumu Municipal Council Statistical Bureau. 2007.
[18] USAID/UNICEF, "Children Affected by HIV/AIDS in Kenya: An
Overview of Issues and Action to Strengthen Community Care and
Support Report of a Combined Assessment of Programming in Kenya
for Children and Families Affected by HIV/AIDS".1999.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:61675", author = "C. A. Oloo and C. Ojwang", title = "The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Micro-enterprise Development in Kenya: A Study of Obunga Slum in Kisumu", abstract = "The performances of small and medium enterprises
have stagnated in the last two decades. This has mainly been due to
the emergence of HIV / Aids. The disease has had a detrimental
effect on the general economy of the country leading to morbidity
and mortality of the Kenyan workforce in their primary age. The
present study sought to establish the economic impact of HIV / Aids
on the micro-enterprise development in Obunga slum – Kisumu, in
terms of production loss, increasing labor related cost and to establish
possible strategies to address the impact of HIV / Aids on microenterprises.
The study was necessitated by the observation that most
micro-enterprises in the slum are facing severe economic and social
crisis due to the impact of HIV / Aids, they get depleted and close
down within a short time due to death of skilled and experience
workforce. The study was carried out between June 2008 and June
2009 in Obunga slum. Data was subjected to computer aided
statistical analysis that included descriptive statistic, chi-squared and
ANOVA techniques. Chi-squared analysis on the micro-enterprise
owners opinion on the impact of HIV / Aids on depletion of microenterprise
compared to other diseases indicated high levels of the
negative effects of the disease at significance levels of P", keywords = "Entrepreneurship, HIV-AIDS, Micro-enterprise,Poverty.", volume = "4", number = "7", pages = "1818-5", }