Synthesis, Structural, and Dielectric Characterization of Cadmium Oxide Nanoparticles

Cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles have been prepared by chemical coprecipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV analysis, and dielectric studies. The crystalline nature and particle size of the CdO nanoparticles were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The morphology of prepared CdO nanoparticles was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The particle size was studied using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The optical properties were obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The dielectric properties of CdO nanoparticles were studied in the frequency range of 50 Hz–5 MHz at different temperatures. The frequency dependence of the dielectric constant and dielectric loss is found to decrease with an increase in the frequency at different temperatures. The ac conductivity of CdO nanoparticle has been studied.




References:
[1] C. H. Champness, K. Ghoneim, J. K. Chen, Optimization of CdO layer
in a Se-CdO Photovoltaic cell Can. J. Phys., 63, 1985, pp.767
[2] L. M. Su, N. Grote, F. Schmitt, Diffused planar InP bipolar transistor
with a cadmium oxide film emitter, Electron. Lett., 20,1984, pp.716 .
[3] I. M. Ocampo, A. M. Ferandez, P. J. Sabastian, Transparent conducting
CdO films formed by chemical bath deposition, Semicond. Sci. Technol.,
8, 1993, pp.750.
[4] F. A. Benko, F. P. Koffyberg, Quantum efficiency and optical transitions
of CdO photoanodes, Solid State Commun., 57, 1986, pp. 901.
[5] K. Gurumugan, D. Mangalarag, SA. K. Narayandass, K. Sekar, C. P.
Girija Vallabham, Semicond. Sci. Tech., 9, 1994, pp.1827.
[6] C. Xiangfeng, L. Xingqin, M. Guangyao, Effect of CdO dopent on the
gas sensitivity properties of ZnFe2 O4 semiconductors, Sens. Actuators
B, 65, 2000, pp.64.
[7] R. S. Mane, H. M. Pathan, C. D. Lokhande, S-H Han, An effective use
of nanocrystalline CdO thin films in dye-sensitized solar cells, Solar
Energy, 80, 2006, pp.185 .
[8] G. Wolfram, H. E. Gobel, Existence range, structural and dielectric
properties of Zrx Tiy Snz O4 ceramics, Mater. Res. Bull., 16, 1981, pp.
1455.
[9] E. Veena Gopalan, K. A. Malini, S. Saravanan, D. Sakthi Kumar, Y.
Yoshida, and M. R. Anantharaman, Evidence for polaron conduction in
nanostructured manganese ferrite, Journal of Physics D, vol. 41, no. 18,
Article ID 185005, 2008.
[10] S. D. Shenoy, P. A. Joy, and M. R. Anantharaman, Effect of Mechanical
Milling on the Structural, Magnetic and Dielectric Properties of
Coprecipitated Ultrafine Zinc Ferrite, Journal of Magnetism and
Magnetic Materials, vol. 269, no. 2,2004, pp. 217– 226 .
[11] M. A. Subramanian, D. Li, N. Duan, B. A. Reisner, and A. W. Sleight,
High dielectric constant in ACu3Ti4O12 and ACu3Ti3FeO12 phases,
Journal of Solid State Chemistry, vol. 151, no. 2, 2000, pp. 323–325.
[12] A. P. Ramirez, M. A. Subramanian, M. Gardel, Giant dielectric constant
response in a copper-titanate, Solid State Communications, vol. 115, no.
5, 2000. pp. 217–220.
[13] P. Jha, S. Rai, K. V. Ramanujachary, S. E. Lofland, and A. K. Ganguli,
La0.4Ba0.4Ca0.2)(Mn0.4Ti 0.6)O3: a new titanomanganate with a high
dielectric constant and antiferromagnetic interactions, Journal of Solid
State Chemistry, vol. 177, no. 8, 2004, pp. 2881–2888.
[14] B. V. Prasad, G. Narsinga Rao, J.W. Chen, and D. Suresh Babu,
Abnormal high dielectric constant in SmFeO3 semiconductor ceramics,
Materials Research Bulletin, vol. 46, no. 10, 2011, pp.1670–1673.
[15] S. Suresh, Studies on the dielectric properties of CdS nanoparticles. Appl
Nanosci. Vol.4, 2014, pp.325-329.
[16] S. Suresh, C. Arunseshan, Dielectric Properties of Cadmium Selenide
(CdSe) Nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal method. Appl
Nanosci. Vol.4, 2014, pp.179-184.