Roundabout Optimal Entry and Circulating Flow Induced by Road Hump
Roundabout work on the principle of circulation and
entry flows, where the maximum entry flow rates depend largely on
circulating flow bearing in mind that entry flows must give away to
circulating flows. Where an existing roundabout has a road hump
installed at the entry arm, it can be hypothesized that the kinematics
of vehicles may prevent the entry arm from achieving optimum
performance. Road humps are traffic calming devices placed across
road width solely as speed reduction mechanism. They are the
preferred traffic calming option in Malaysia and often used on single
and dual carriageway local routes. The speed limit on local routes is
30mph (50 km/hr). Road humps in their various forms achieved the
biggest mean speed reduction (based on a mean speed before traffic
calming of 30mph) of up to 10mph or 16 km/hr according to the UK
Department of Transport. The underlying aim of reduced speed
should be to achieve a 'safe' distribution of speeds which reflects the
function of the road and the impacts on the local community.
Constraining safe distribution of speeds may lead to poor drivers
timing and delayed reflex reaction that can probably cause accident.
Previous studies on road hump impact have focused mainly on speed
reduction, traffic volume, noise and vibrations, discomfort and delay
from the use of road humps. The paper is aimed at optimal entry and
circulating flow induced by road humps. Results show that
roundabout entry and circulating flow perform better in
circumstances where there is no road hump at entrance.
[1] Robinson, B. W., L. Rodegerdts, W. Scarbrough, W. Kittelson, R. Troutbeck,
W. Brilon, L. Bondzio, K. Courage, M. Kyte, J. Mason, A.
Flannery, E. Myers, J. Bunker, and G. Jacquemart. "Roundabouts: An
Informa- tional Guide". Report FHWA-RD-00-067. FHWA, U.S.
Department of Transportation, June 2000. 2.
[2] Mohamed A. Aty, Yasser Hosni, "ROUNDABOUTS DESIGN,
MODELING AND SIMULATION". STATE-OF-THE-ART.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Central
Florida. March 2001.
[3] Shashi S. Nambisan, Venu Parimi (March 2007). "A Comparative
Evaluation of the Safety Performance of Roundabouts and Traditional
Intersection Controls". Institute of Transportation Engineers
[4] Highway Capacity Manual (2000). National Research Council
Washington, D.C. United State Customary Units.
[5] G.R. Watts. "Road Humps for the Control of Vehicle Speeds".
Crowthorne, United Kingdom: Transport and Road Research Laboratory
Report 597, Department of the Environment and Department of
Transport, 1973.
[6] ITE Technical Council Task Force on Speed Humps. "Guidelines for the
Design and Application of Speed Humps". Washington, D.C., USA:
Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), 1993.
[7] Corbridge C "Vibration in vehicles: its effect on comfort," PhD Thesis
University of Southampton, 1987.
[8] X.H. Tao, X.M. Huang, "Three-mass vehicle model of people-vehicleroad
interaction," J. Traffic Transport Eng. 4(3), 11-15(2004).
[9] C. S. Xu, H. H. Yi and C. X. Huang, " Experimental Study of Vehicle
Modelling and Ride Comfort Simulation based on the Topology,"
Structure Analysing Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, ISDA
'06 Sixth International Conference, Ji-an, China, 197-201(2006).
[10] E. Khorshid, M. Alfares, "Model refinement and experimental
evaluation for optimal design of speed humps," International Journal of
Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2(1), 80 - 99(2007).
[11] David Bowrey, Rhys Thomas, Rupert Evans, Peter Richmond, Road
humps: "accident prevention or hazard?", J Accid Emerg Med;13:289-
29 1 (1996).
[12] Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (1987) Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 11/87 - "A
Guide to the Design of at-Grade Intersections", Cawangan Jalan, Ibu
Pejabat J.K.R.
[13] Highway Research Board (1965), "Highway Capacity Manual",
National Research Council. Department of Traffic and Operations,
Special Report 87, Committee on Highway Capacity, Washington, DC.
[14] Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (1986) Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 13/86 - "A
Guide to the Design of at-Grade Intersections", Cawangan Jalan, Ibu
Pejabat J.K.R.
[15] Kimber, R.M. "The Traffic Capacity of Roundabouts." TRRL
Laboratory Report 942. (1980).
[16] Kimber, R.M. "Gap-Acceptance and Empiricism in Capacity
Prediction." Transportation Science, Vol. 23, No. 2. May 1989.
[17] Cuthbert, T. (2006). "Flow, Speed and Capacity". PTRC London
Lecture Series. Retrieved 20 may 2010.
[18] Robertson, Douglas H., Et. Al., "Spot Speed Studies", CH.3 of Manual
of Transportation Engineering Studies, Institute of Transportation
Engineers, 1994, pp 33-51.
[1] Robinson, B. W., L. Rodegerdts, W. Scarbrough, W. Kittelson, R. Troutbeck,
W. Brilon, L. Bondzio, K. Courage, M. Kyte, J. Mason, A.
Flannery, E. Myers, J. Bunker, and G. Jacquemart. "Roundabouts: An
Informa- tional Guide". Report FHWA-RD-00-067. FHWA, U.S.
Department of Transportation, June 2000. 2.
[2] Mohamed A. Aty, Yasser Hosni, "ROUNDABOUTS DESIGN,
MODELING AND SIMULATION". STATE-OF-THE-ART.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Central
Florida. March 2001.
[3] Shashi S. Nambisan, Venu Parimi (March 2007). "A Comparative
Evaluation of the Safety Performance of Roundabouts and Traditional
Intersection Controls". Institute of Transportation Engineers
[4] Highway Capacity Manual (2000). National Research Council
Washington, D.C. United State Customary Units.
[5] G.R. Watts. "Road Humps for the Control of Vehicle Speeds".
Crowthorne, United Kingdom: Transport and Road Research Laboratory
Report 597, Department of the Environment and Department of
Transport, 1973.
[6] ITE Technical Council Task Force on Speed Humps. "Guidelines for the
Design and Application of Speed Humps". Washington, D.C., USA:
Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE), 1993.
[7] Corbridge C "Vibration in vehicles: its effect on comfort," PhD Thesis
University of Southampton, 1987.
[8] X.H. Tao, X.M. Huang, "Three-mass vehicle model of people-vehicleroad
interaction," J. Traffic Transport Eng. 4(3), 11-15(2004).
[9] C. S. Xu, H. H. Yi and C. X. Huang, " Experimental Study of Vehicle
Modelling and Ride Comfort Simulation based on the Topology,"
Structure Analysing Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, ISDA
'06 Sixth International Conference, Ji-an, China, 197-201(2006).
[10] E. Khorshid, M. Alfares, "Model refinement and experimental
evaluation for optimal design of speed humps," International Journal of
Vehicle Systems Modelling and Testing 2(1), 80 - 99(2007).
[11] David Bowrey, Rhys Thomas, Rupert Evans, Peter Richmond, Road
humps: "accident prevention or hazard?", J Accid Emerg Med;13:289-
29 1 (1996).
[12] Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (1987) Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 11/87 - "A
Guide to the Design of at-Grade Intersections", Cawangan Jalan, Ibu
Pejabat J.K.R.
[13] Highway Research Board (1965), "Highway Capacity Manual",
National Research Council. Department of Traffic and Operations,
Special Report 87, Committee on Highway Capacity, Washington, DC.
[14] Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia (1986) Arahan Teknik (Jalan) 13/86 - "A
Guide to the Design of at-Grade Intersections", Cawangan Jalan, Ibu
Pejabat J.K.R.
[15] Kimber, R.M. "The Traffic Capacity of Roundabouts." TRRL
Laboratory Report 942. (1980).
[16] Kimber, R.M. "Gap-Acceptance and Empiricism in Capacity
Prediction." Transportation Science, Vol. 23, No. 2. May 1989.
[17] Cuthbert, T. (2006). "Flow, Speed and Capacity". PTRC London
Lecture Series. Retrieved 20 may 2010.
[18] Robertson, Douglas H., Et. Al., "Spot Speed Studies", CH.3 of Manual
of Transportation Engineering Studies, Institute of Transportation
Engineers, 1994, pp 33-51.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:56431", author = "Amir Hossein Pakshir and A. Hossein Pour and N. Jahandar and Ali Paydar", title = "Roundabout Optimal Entry and Circulating Flow Induced by Road Hump", abstract = "Roundabout work on the principle of circulation and
entry flows, where the maximum entry flow rates depend largely on
circulating flow bearing in mind that entry flows must give away to
circulating flows. Where an existing roundabout has a road hump
installed at the entry arm, it can be hypothesized that the kinematics
of vehicles may prevent the entry arm from achieving optimum
performance. Road humps are traffic calming devices placed across
road width solely as speed reduction mechanism. They are the
preferred traffic calming option in Malaysia and often used on single
and dual carriageway local routes. The speed limit on local routes is
30mph (50 km/hr). Road humps in their various forms achieved the
biggest mean speed reduction (based on a mean speed before traffic
calming of 30mph) of up to 10mph or 16 km/hr according to the UK
Department of Transport. The underlying aim of reduced speed
should be to achieve a 'safe' distribution of speeds which reflects the
function of the road and the impacts on the local community.
Constraining safe distribution of speeds may lead to poor drivers
timing and delayed reflex reaction that can probably cause accident.
Previous studies on road hump impact have focused mainly on speed
reduction, traffic volume, noise and vibrations, discomfort and delay
from the use of road humps. The paper is aimed at optimal entry and
circulating flow induced by road humps. Results show that
roundabout entry and circulating flow perform better in
circumstances where there is no road hump at entrance.", keywords = "Road hump, Roundabout, Speed Reduction", volume = "6", number = "8", pages = "609-4", }