Response of King Abdulla Canal Water to the Upgrade of As Samra WWTP
The response of King Abdulla Canal (KAC) water to the upgrade of As Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant which discharges its effluent to the Zarqa River is investigated. Time series quality data that extends between October 2005 and December 2009 obtained by a state of the art telemetric monitoring system were analyzed for COD, EC, TP and TN at two monitoring stations located upstream and downstream of the confluence of the Zarqa River with KAC. The samples- means and the t-test showed that there has been significant improvement in the quality of the KAC water for COD, and TP. However, the improvement in the TN was found statistically insignificant, whereas the EC of the KAC was unaffected by the upgrade. Comparing the selected parameters with the standards and guidelines for using treated wastewater in irrigation showed that the KAC water has improved towards meeting the required standards and guidelines for treated wastewater reuse in irrigation.
[1] F. Abdulla, T. Eshtawi, and H. Assaf, "Assessment of the impact of
potential climate Change on the water balance of semi-arid watershed,"
Water Resources Management, vol. 23, pp. 2051-2068, 2009.
[2] Ministry of Water and Irrigation, "The north Jordan water resources
investigation (Amman Zarqa Basin): water resources study," pp, 234.
1989
[3] R. Al-Weshah, "Management of irrigation water in the JV.," Water
Resources Management, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 327-338, 2000.
[4] A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, and F. Fisher, "An inter-seasonal
agricultural water allocation system (SAWAS)," Agricultural Systems,
vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 233-252, 2001.
[5] T. Abu-Sharar, and A. Battikhi, "Water resources management under
competitive sectoral demand: A Case Study from Jordan," Water
International, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 354-378, 2002.
[6] W. Doppler, A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, and H. Wolff, "The impact of
water price strategies on the allocation of irrigation water: the case of the
JV. Agriculture," Water Management, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 171-182, 2002.
[7] A. Al-Assaf, A. Salman, F. Fisher, and E. Al-Karablieh, "A trade -off
analysis for the use of different water sources for irrigation (The case of
Southern Shounah in the JV)," Water International, vol. 32, no. 2, pp.
224-253, 2007.
[8] L. Menzel, E. Teichert, and M. Weiß, "Climate change impact on the
water resources of the semi-arid Jordan region," In Proc. of the 3rd
International Conference on Climate and Water, Helsinki, 2007, pp.
320-325.
[9] M. Tabieh, "An optimal irrigation water allocation model: management
and pricing policy implications for the JV.," Dissertation, University of
Sciences, Penang-Malaysia, 2007.
[10] H-P. Wolff, M. Shechter, A. Fleischer, A. Salman, T. Hijawi T, and I.
Kan, "Forecasting social and economic impacts from climate change on
farming systems in riparian countries of the Jordan River -a combined
model-based approach," In: E. Tielkes, (ed.) Tropical Day: Utilization of
diversity in land use systems: Sustainable and organic approaches to
meet human needs, Universities of Kassel and Goettingen, Oct. 9-11,
2007.
[11] H. Hötzl, J. Guttman, E. Salameh, and A. Tamimi, "State of water
strategy and policy," In: H. Hötzl, P. Möller, and E. Rosenthal, (Eds.):
The water of the JV, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 481-503, 2008.
[12] M. Matouq, "Predicting the impact of global warming on the Middle
East region: Case Study on Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan using the
application of geographical information system," Journal of Applied
Sciences, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 462-470, 2008.
[13] I. Oroud, "The impacts of climate change on water resources in Jordan,"
In: F. Zereini and H. Hötzl (eds)., Climatic changes and water resources
in the Middle East and North Africa, environmental science and
engineering, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 109-123, 2008.
[14] A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, H-J. Regner, H-P. Wolff, and M. Haddadin,
"Participatory irrigation water management in the JV," Water Policy,
vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 305-322, 2008.
[15] M. Toll, "Investigating unconsolidated aquifers in an arid environment
- A Case study from the lower JV-Jordan," In: F. Zereini, H. Hötzl,
(Eds), Climatic changes and water resources in the Middle East and in
North Africa, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 289-324, 2008.
[16] M. Toll, T. Heinrichs, M. Sauter, E. Salameh, and P. Dietrich, "An
integrated approach for the hydrogeological investigation of the
unconsolidated aquifers in lower JV.," In: Water resources of the Jordan
and Dead Sea rift Valley, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 447-464, 2008.
[17] H-P. Wolff, A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, M. Shechter, T. Hijawi, A.
Fleischer, and I. Kan, "Change in natural resources vs. socio-economic
development - identification of bottlenecks for exploiting future
agricultural potentials in the JV.," Tropical day: Competition for
Resources in a Changing World, New Drive for Rural Development,
University of Hohenheim, Oct. 7-9, 2008.
[18] L. Menzel, J. Koch, J. Onigkeit, and R. Schaldach, "Modelling the
effects of land-use and land-cover change on water availability in the
Jordan River region," Advances in Geosciences, vol. 21, pp. 73-80,
2009.
[19] A. Alfarra, E. Bennedict, H. Hotzl, N. Sader, and B. Sonneveld,
"Modeling water supply and demand for effective water management
allocation in the JV.," in proc. Of the 6th IWA specialist conference on
efficient use and management of water, water demand management
challenges and opportunities, Amman-Jordan, 29th March - 2nd April,
2011.
[20] A. Gunkel and J. Lange, "New insights into the natural variability of
water resources in the lower Jordan River basin,- Water Resource
Management, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 963-980, 2012.
[21] Minitab Inc., "Minitab statistical software, user-s guide," release 15,
(2007).
[22] I. Al Wer, "The Zarqa River Rehabilitation and Sustainable
Management," A master-s thesis submitted to the Department of Land
and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH). Stockholm, Sweden. 2009.
[23] A. Al-Omari, M. Hindiah., J. Al-Bakri, and F. Jibril, "Decision support
system for the management of Zarqa River," First annual report
submitted to the Scientific Research Support Fund, the Ministry of
Higher Education, Amman-Jordan. 2012
[24] "Jordanian standards for reclaimed wastewater reuse in irrigation,"
(2006).
[25] Ayers and Wescot "Guidelines for interpretations of water quality for
irrigation," (1985).
[1] F. Abdulla, T. Eshtawi, and H. Assaf, "Assessment of the impact of
potential climate Change on the water balance of semi-arid watershed,"
Water Resources Management, vol. 23, pp. 2051-2068, 2009.
[2] Ministry of Water and Irrigation, "The north Jordan water resources
investigation (Amman Zarqa Basin): water resources study," pp, 234.
1989
[3] R. Al-Weshah, "Management of irrigation water in the JV.," Water
Resources Management, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 327-338, 2000.
[4] A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, and F. Fisher, "An inter-seasonal
agricultural water allocation system (SAWAS)," Agricultural Systems,
vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 233-252, 2001.
[5] T. Abu-Sharar, and A. Battikhi, "Water resources management under
competitive sectoral demand: A Case Study from Jordan," Water
International, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 354-378, 2002.
[6] W. Doppler, A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, and H. Wolff, "The impact of
water price strategies on the allocation of irrigation water: the case of the
JV. Agriculture," Water Management, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 171-182, 2002.
[7] A. Al-Assaf, A. Salman, F. Fisher, and E. Al-Karablieh, "A trade -off
analysis for the use of different water sources for irrigation (The case of
Southern Shounah in the JV)," Water International, vol. 32, no. 2, pp.
224-253, 2007.
[8] L. Menzel, E. Teichert, and M. Weiß, "Climate change impact on the
water resources of the semi-arid Jordan region," In Proc. of the 3rd
International Conference on Climate and Water, Helsinki, 2007, pp.
320-325.
[9] M. Tabieh, "An optimal irrigation water allocation model: management
and pricing policy implications for the JV.," Dissertation, University of
Sciences, Penang-Malaysia, 2007.
[10] H-P. Wolff, M. Shechter, A. Fleischer, A. Salman, T. Hijawi T, and I.
Kan, "Forecasting social and economic impacts from climate change on
farming systems in riparian countries of the Jordan River -a combined
model-based approach," In: E. Tielkes, (ed.) Tropical Day: Utilization of
diversity in land use systems: Sustainable and organic approaches to
meet human needs, Universities of Kassel and Goettingen, Oct. 9-11,
2007.
[11] H. Hötzl, J. Guttman, E. Salameh, and A. Tamimi, "State of water
strategy and policy," In: H. Hötzl, P. Möller, and E. Rosenthal, (Eds.):
The water of the JV, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 481-503, 2008.
[12] M. Matouq, "Predicting the impact of global warming on the Middle
East region: Case Study on Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan using the
application of geographical information system," Journal of Applied
Sciences, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 462-470, 2008.
[13] I. Oroud, "The impacts of climate change on water resources in Jordan,"
In: F. Zereini and H. Hötzl (eds)., Climatic changes and water resources
in the Middle East and North Africa, environmental science and
engineering, Springer-Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 109-123, 2008.
[14] A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, H-J. Regner, H-P. Wolff, and M. Haddadin,
"Participatory irrigation water management in the JV," Water Policy,
vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 305-322, 2008.
[15] M. Toll, "Investigating unconsolidated aquifers in an arid environment
- A Case study from the lower JV-Jordan," In: F. Zereini, H. Hötzl,
(Eds), Climatic changes and water resources in the Middle East and in
North Africa, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 289-324, 2008.
[16] M. Toll, T. Heinrichs, M. Sauter, E. Salameh, and P. Dietrich, "An
integrated approach for the hydrogeological investigation of the
unconsolidated aquifers in lower JV.," In: Water resources of the Jordan
and Dead Sea rift Valley, Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 447-464, 2008.
[17] H-P. Wolff, A. Salman, E. Al-Karablieh, M. Shechter, T. Hijawi, A.
Fleischer, and I. Kan, "Change in natural resources vs. socio-economic
development - identification of bottlenecks for exploiting future
agricultural potentials in the JV.," Tropical day: Competition for
Resources in a Changing World, New Drive for Rural Development,
University of Hohenheim, Oct. 7-9, 2008.
[18] L. Menzel, J. Koch, J. Onigkeit, and R. Schaldach, "Modelling the
effects of land-use and land-cover change on water availability in the
Jordan River region," Advances in Geosciences, vol. 21, pp. 73-80,
2009.
[19] A. Alfarra, E. Bennedict, H. Hotzl, N. Sader, and B. Sonneveld,
"Modeling water supply and demand for effective water management
allocation in the JV.," in proc. Of the 6th IWA specialist conference on
efficient use and management of water, water demand management
challenges and opportunities, Amman-Jordan, 29th March - 2nd April,
2011.
[20] A. Gunkel and J. Lange, "New insights into the natural variability of
water resources in the lower Jordan River basin,- Water Resource
Management, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 963-980, 2012.
[21] Minitab Inc., "Minitab statistical software, user-s guide," release 15,
(2007).
[22] I. Al Wer, "The Zarqa River Rehabilitation and Sustainable
Management," A master-s thesis submitted to the Department of Land
and Water Resources Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology
(KTH). Stockholm, Sweden. 2009.
[23] A. Al-Omari, M. Hindiah., J. Al-Bakri, and F. Jibril, "Decision support
system for the management of Zarqa River," First annual report
submitted to the Scientific Research Support Fund, the Ministry of
Higher Education, Amman-Jordan. 2012
[24] "Jordanian standards for reclaimed wastewater reuse in irrigation,"
(2006).
[25] Ayers and Wescot "Guidelines for interpretations of water quality for
irrigation," (1985).
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:62316", author = "Abbas S. Al-Omari and Zain M. Al-Houri", title = "Response of King Abdulla Canal Water to the Upgrade of As Samra WWTP", abstract = "The response of King Abdulla Canal (KAC) water to the upgrade of As Samra Wastewater Treatment Plant which discharges its effluent to the Zarqa River is investigated. Time series quality data that extends between October 2005 and December 2009 obtained by a state of the art telemetric monitoring system were analyzed for COD, EC, TP and TN at two monitoring stations located upstream and downstream of the confluence of the Zarqa River with KAC. The samples- means and the t-test showed that there has been significant improvement in the quality of the KAC water for COD, and TP. However, the improvement in the TN was found statistically insignificant, whereas the EC of the KAC was unaffected by the upgrade. Comparing the selected parameters with the standards and guidelines for using treated wastewater in irrigation showed that the KAC water has improved towards meeting the required standards and guidelines for treated wastewater reuse in irrigation.
", keywords = "As Samra wastewater treatment plant, Telemetric
monitoring system, Treated wastewater, Water quality monitoring,
Zarqa River watershed.", volume = "6", number = "11", pages = "1026-9", }
