Protection of Human Rights in Europe: The Parliamentary Dimension
The following paper describes the activity of national
and international parliamentary assemblies of the European region
in protection and promotion of human rights. It may be said that
parliamentarians have a “double mandate” — as members of the
international assembly and of their respective national parliaments.
In other words, parliamentarization at both international and national
level provides a situation for parliamentarians, where they link
people, national governments and international organizations. The
paper is aimed towards demonstrating that the activity of the
main international parliamentary assemblies of the European region
have a real positive impact on the human rights situation in the
European region. In addition, the paper describes the assemblies
that include protection of human rights in their Agenda as one
of the main subjects: the EP, the PACE, the OSCE PA and the
IPA CIS. Co-operation activities such as joint election observation;
participation in inter-parliamentary associations, such as the IPU;
conclusion agreements allow assemblies to provide observation of
human right situation in the states that are not members of the
particular organization and as consequence make their impact broader.
[1] D. Beetham, Parliament and Democracy in the Twenty-first Century: A
Guide to Good Practice. Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2006.
[2] Parliament and democracy in the twenty-first century: a guide to good
practice, IPU, p. 11, 2006.
[3] PACE, “Resolution 1856 on ’Guaranteeing the authority
and effectiveness of the European Convention on Human
Rights’,” 2012. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/nw/xml/
XRef/X2H-Xref-ViewPDF.asp?FileID=18060
[4] C. Pourgourides, “National parliaments: guarantors of human rights in
Europe,” 10 2010, no. 12636. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.
int/nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=12866
[5] PACE, “Resolution 1823 on ’National parliaments: guarantors of human
rights in Europe’,” 6 2011. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/
nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=18011
[6] M. Hunt, H. Hooper, and P. Yowell, Parliaments and Human Rights:
Redressing the Democratic Deficit, ser. AHRC Public Policy Series,
2015, no. 5.
[7] M. Hunt, H. Hooper, and P. Yowell, Parliaments and Human Rights:
Redressing the Democratic Deficit, ser. Hart Studies in Comparative
Public Law. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015.
[8] PACE, “The role of parliaments in implementing ECHR
standards: overview of existing structures and mechanisms,”
9 2015. (Online). Available: http://website-pace.net/documents/
10643/695436/20142110-PPSDNotefondstandardsCEDH-EN.pdf/
113ad45b-7ffd-4ee7-b176-7fb79ad32f93
[9] K. Sasi, in Joint Conference PACE and IPA CIS, 2013.
[10] F. Arndt, “Parliamentary assemblies, international,” in Max Planck
Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2013.
[11] E. Klein, “Human rights, activities of international organizations,” in
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2007. [12] Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union, Official Journal
C 326, pp. 0001 – 0390, 10 2012.
[13] A. Drzemczewski and J. Lowis, “The work of the parliamentary
assembly of the council of europe,” in Parliaments and Human Rights,
M. Hunt, Ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
[14] PACE, “Timeline: the Council of Europe’s investigation into CIA secret
prisons in Europe,” 2014. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/
nw/xml/News/News-View-en.asp?newsid=5722.
[15] D. Marty, “Addendum to the report ’United Nations Security Council and
European Union blacklists’,” 01 2008, no. 11454. (Online). Available:
http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/2007/edoc11454.htm.
[16] Temporary Committee on the alleged use of European countries by the
CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners, Rapporteur:
Fava, G.C., “The alleged use of European countries by the CIA
for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners,” 01 2007,
(2006/2200(INI)), para. 33.
[17] M. Fuchs and A. P. von Winter, The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly
Origins, Functions, Method of Work and Constituent Bodies, ser. OSCE
Year Book. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1995.
[18] “Baku Declaration and Resolutions Adopted by the OSCE Parliamentary
Assembly at the Twenty-Third Annual Session,” 1st Committee
Resolution: Political Affairs and Security, 07 2014, para. 38.
[19] “Convention on the Interparliamentary Assembly of Member Nations of
the Commonwealth of Independent States,” 05 1995, Articles 1, 12.
[20] A. Drzemczewski, “Reflection on a remarkable period of eleven years:
1986 to 1997,” in Liber amicorum Peter Leuprecht, ser. Mondialisation
et droit international, O. Delas, P. Leuprecht, and M. Leuprecht, Eds.
Bruylant, 2012.
[21] J. Frowien, “Analysis with regard to the ECHR,” Human Rights Law
Journal, vol. 17, no. 3-6, pp. 181 – 183, 1996.
[22] Memorandum on co-operation between the PACE and the IPU, 11 May
1993.
[23] F. Arndt, “Inter-parliamentary union,” in Max Planck Encyclopedia of
Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2009.
[24] I. Schwarz, “The work of the inter-parliamentary union,” in Parliaments
and Human Rights, M. Hunt, Ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
[25] P. Evans and P. Silk, The Parliamentary Assembly Practice and
Procedure. CoE Publishing, 2013.
[26] E. C. Bjornlund, Beyond Free and Fair: Monitoring Elections and
Building Democracy. Woodrow Wilson Center Press with Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2004.
[27] R. S. Oliver, The parliamentary assembly and its political influence
in the OSCE, p. 6. (Online). Available: https://www.oscepa.
org/documents/all-documents/documents-1/historical-documents-1/
955-2005-the-parliamentary-assembly-and-its-political-influence-in-the-osce.
[28] A. Gawrich, The European Parliament in International Election
Observation Missions (IEOMs): devision of labour or decreased
influence?, ser. Routledge Advances in European Politics. Taylor &
Francis, 2015.
[29] PACE, Rules of Procedure PACE, 2015, ch. Appendix XI Observation
of elections by the parliamentarians, paragraph vii.
[30] OSCE, Election Observation Handbook, 6th ed. ODIHR, 2010.
[31] OSCE, “Handbook for long-term election observers,” 2007.
[32] OSCE International Election Observation Mission, “Statement of
preliminary findings,” 2014.
[33] OSCE International Election Observation Mission, “Statement of
preliminary findings and conclusions,” 2015. (Online). Available:
http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/belarus/191586?.
[34] J. Kelley, Monitoring Democracy: When International Election
Observation Works, and why it Often Fails. Princeton University Press,
2012.
[35] OSCE, “News from Copenhagen, Number 538,” 2014.
[36] OSCE, “Decision No. 19/06 Strengthening the effectiveness of the
OSCE,” 2006. (Online). Available: http://www.osce.org/mc/23209.
[37] OSCE, “The Dubs Report,” 2012. (Online). Available:
https://www.oscepa.org/election-observation/brochures-documents/
documents/1541-dubs-report-on-election-observation-co-operation.
[1] D. Beetham, Parliament and Democracy in the Twenty-first Century: A
Guide to Good Practice. Inter-Parliamentary Union, 2006.
[2] Parliament and democracy in the twenty-first century: a guide to good
practice, IPU, p. 11, 2006.
[3] PACE, “Resolution 1856 on ’Guaranteeing the authority
and effectiveness of the European Convention on Human
Rights’,” 2012. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/nw/xml/
XRef/X2H-Xref-ViewPDF.asp?FileID=18060
[4] C. Pourgourides, “National parliaments: guarantors of human rights in
Europe,” 10 2010, no. 12636. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.
int/nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=12866
[5] PACE, “Resolution 1823 on ’National parliaments: guarantors of human
rights in Europe’,” 6 2011. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/
nw/xml/XRef/Xref-XML2HTML-en.asp?fileid=18011
[6] M. Hunt, H. Hooper, and P. Yowell, Parliaments and Human Rights:
Redressing the Democratic Deficit, ser. AHRC Public Policy Series,
2015, no. 5.
[7] M. Hunt, H. Hooper, and P. Yowell, Parliaments and Human Rights:
Redressing the Democratic Deficit, ser. Hart Studies in Comparative
Public Law. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015.
[8] PACE, “The role of parliaments in implementing ECHR
standards: overview of existing structures and mechanisms,”
9 2015. (Online). Available: http://website-pace.net/documents/
10643/695436/20142110-PPSDNotefondstandardsCEDH-EN.pdf/
113ad45b-7ffd-4ee7-b176-7fb79ad32f93
[9] K. Sasi, in Joint Conference PACE and IPA CIS, 2013.
[10] F. Arndt, “Parliamentary assemblies, international,” in Max Planck
Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2013.
[11] E. Klein, “Human rights, activities of international organizations,” in
Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2007. [12] Consolidated version of the Treaty on European Union, Official Journal
C 326, pp. 0001 – 0390, 10 2012.
[13] A. Drzemczewski and J. Lowis, “The work of the parliamentary
assembly of the council of europe,” in Parliaments and Human Rights,
M. Hunt, Ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
[14] PACE, “Timeline: the Council of Europe’s investigation into CIA secret
prisons in Europe,” 2014. (Online). Available: http://assembly.coe.int/
nw/xml/News/News-View-en.asp?newsid=5722.
[15] D. Marty, “Addendum to the report ’United Nations Security Council and
European Union blacklists’,” 01 2008, no. 11454. (Online). Available:
http://assembly.coe.int/Documents/WorkingDocs/2007/edoc11454.htm.
[16] Temporary Committee on the alleged use of European countries by the
CIA for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners, Rapporteur:
Fava, G.C., “The alleged use of European countries by the CIA
for the transportation and illegal detention of prisoners,” 01 2007,
(2006/2200(INI)), para. 33.
[17] M. Fuchs and A. P. von Winter, The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly
Origins, Functions, Method of Work and Constituent Bodies, ser. OSCE
Year Book. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1995.
[18] “Baku Declaration and Resolutions Adopted by the OSCE Parliamentary
Assembly at the Twenty-Third Annual Session,” 1st Committee
Resolution: Political Affairs and Security, 07 2014, para. 38.
[19] “Convention on the Interparliamentary Assembly of Member Nations of
the Commonwealth of Independent States,” 05 1995, Articles 1, 12.
[20] A. Drzemczewski, “Reflection on a remarkable period of eleven years:
1986 to 1997,” in Liber amicorum Peter Leuprecht, ser. Mondialisation
et droit international, O. Delas, P. Leuprecht, and M. Leuprecht, Eds.
Bruylant, 2012.
[21] J. Frowien, “Analysis with regard to the ECHR,” Human Rights Law
Journal, vol. 17, no. 3-6, pp. 181 – 183, 1996.
[22] Memorandum on co-operation between the PACE and the IPU, 11 May
1993.
[23] F. Arndt, “Inter-parliamentary union,” in Max Planck Encyclopedia of
Public International Law (MPEPIL), 2009.
[24] I. Schwarz, “The work of the inter-parliamentary union,” in Parliaments
and Human Rights, M. Hunt, Ed. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2015.
[25] P. Evans and P. Silk, The Parliamentary Assembly Practice and
Procedure. CoE Publishing, 2013.
[26] E. C. Bjornlund, Beyond Free and Fair: Monitoring Elections and
Building Democracy. Woodrow Wilson Center Press with Johns
Hopkins University Press, 2004.
[27] R. S. Oliver, The parliamentary assembly and its political influence
in the OSCE, p. 6. (Online). Available: https://www.oscepa.
org/documents/all-documents/documents-1/historical-documents-1/
955-2005-the-parliamentary-assembly-and-its-political-influence-in-the-osce.
[28] A. Gawrich, The European Parliament in International Election
Observation Missions (IEOMs): devision of labour or decreased
influence?, ser. Routledge Advances in European Politics. Taylor &
Francis, 2015.
[29] PACE, Rules of Procedure PACE, 2015, ch. Appendix XI Observation
of elections by the parliamentarians, paragraph vii.
[30] OSCE, Election Observation Handbook, 6th ed. ODIHR, 2010.
[31] OSCE, “Handbook for long-term election observers,” 2007.
[32] OSCE International Election Observation Mission, “Statement of
preliminary findings,” 2014.
[33] OSCE International Election Observation Mission, “Statement of
preliminary findings and conclusions,” 2015. (Online). Available:
http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/belarus/191586?.
[34] J. Kelley, Monitoring Democracy: When International Election
Observation Works, and why it Often Fails. Princeton University Press,
2012.
[35] OSCE, “News from Copenhagen, Number 538,” 2014.
[36] OSCE, “Decision No. 19/06 Strengthening the effectiveness of the
OSCE,” 2006. (Online). Available: http://www.osce.org/mc/23209.
[37] OSCE, “The Dubs Report,” 2012. (Online). Available:
https://www.oscepa.org/election-observation/brochures-documents/
documents/1541-dubs-report-on-election-observation-co-operation.
@article{"International Journal of Business, Human and Social Sciences:73233", author = "Aleksandra Chiniaeva", title = "Protection of Human Rights in Europe: The Parliamentary Dimension", abstract = "The following paper describes the activity of national
and international parliamentary assemblies of the European region
in protection and promotion of human rights. It may be said that
parliamentarians have a “double mandate” — as members of the
international assembly and of their respective national parliaments.
In other words, parliamentarization at both international and national
level provides a situation for parliamentarians, where they link
people, national governments and international organizations. The
paper is aimed towards demonstrating that the activity of the
main international parliamentary assemblies of the European region
have a real positive impact on the human rights situation in the
European region. In addition, the paper describes the assemblies
that include protection of human rights in their Agenda as one
of the main subjects: the EP, the PACE, the OSCE PA and the
IPA CIS. Co-operation activities such as joint election observation;
participation in inter-parliamentary associations, such as the IPU;
conclusion agreements allow assemblies to provide observation of
human right situation in the states that are not members of the
particular organization and as consequence make their impact broader.", keywords = "Human rights, International parliamentary assembly,
IPU, EP, PACE, OSCE, IPA CIS, international election observation.", volume = "10", number = "6", pages = "2067-7", }
