Mission of Russian Orthodox Church in Kazakhstan in the XIX Century: Activity, Expectations and Results

The focus of this research is in the area of the soviet period and the mission of the Russian Orthodox Church in Kazakhstan in the XIX century. There was close connection of national customs and traditions with religious practices, outlooks and attitudes. In particular, such an approach has alleged estimation by Kazakh historians of the process of Christianization of the local population. Some of them are inclined to consider the small number of Christening Kazakhs as evidence that the Russian Orthodox Church didn’t achieve its mission. The number of historians who think that the church didn’t achieve its mission has thousand over the last centuries, however our calculations of the number of Kazakhs who became Orthodox Christian is much more than other historians think. Such Christians can be divided into 3 groups: Some remained Christian until their deaths, others had two faiths and the third hid their true religions, having returned to their former belief. Therefore, to define the exact amount of Christening Kazakhs represented a challenge. Some data does not create a clear picture of the level of Christianization, constant and accurate was not collected. The data appearing in reports of spiritual attendants and civil authorities is not always authentic. Article purpose is illumination and the analysis missionary activity of Russian Orthodox Church in Kazakhstan. 

• Z. Sadvokasova Tulehanovna

• Russian expansion
• Christianization
• tsarism
• Russian Orthodox Church in Kazakhstan
• neophytes.

<p>[1] Asylbekov M.-A. KH., Zharkenova A.M. The population of Kazakhstan
in the late XIX - early XX centuries. (1897-1917). – Almaty: Orkeniyet,
2001.
[2] Trepavlov V.V. "Big boss". Russian Tsar in the representations of
people of Russia XV-XVIII centuries // History. 2005. №3.
[3] From the memoirs of Kuropatkin "70 years of my life" // RSAMH. F.
165; Op. 1, d. 1742.
[4] Missionary anti-Muslim collection. Proceedings of the student
missionary anti-Muslim department at the Kazan Theological Academy.
- Kazan, 1894. - Vol. 20.
[5] Ostroumov N. Can nomadic people of Asia to the adoption of the
Christian faith and the Christian culture? - Issue. 2. - M., 1896.
[6] Sakharov N.A. History of Russia. From the beginning to the end of
XVIII XIX century. - M., 1996.
[7] Potseluyev V.A. History of Russia. XX century. - M., 1997.
[8] Bonch-Bruyevich V.D. Russian forces of clericalism. - In. Religion and
the Church in the history of Russia. - M., 1975.
[9] Melgunov S. Church and State in Russia. - M., 1907.
[10] Kraft I.I. Collection of Laws on the management areas of Akmola,
Semipalatinsk, Semirechenskaya, Ural and Turgay. Set of laws. –
Orenburg, 1898. - V.II.
[11] The case of the sale of Kyrgyz children // CSA RK. F.4; Op.1, d.4621.
[12] Kuznetsov L.A. A brief historical sketch of the city of Petropavlovsk
Akmola region. - Petropavlovsk, 1913.
[13] Pamyatnayaknizhkaiadres-kalendarSemirechenskoyoblasti.
Sostavildeystvitelnyychlen-sekretar KomitetaV.Ye. Nedzvetskiy.
Vernyy. 1905.
[14] History of Kazakhstan. Collection of documents XVIII - early XX
centuries. - Almaty: Kazak universiteti, 2001.
[15] A set of basic laws of the State of the Russian Empire // RGIA. F.834;
Op.4, d.550.
[16] Dispatch supervisor of Vernensk prison castle// CSA RK. F.294; Op.1,
d.10.
[17] Derogation Kirghiz Sofia Raimbekova from Orthodoxy // CSA RK.
F.76; Op.1, d.28.
[18] Mamashuly A. Missionerlíkonerdínkupiyalary // Kazak adebiyetí. –
2001. - 4 mamyr.
[19] Balkashin N.N. About the missionary in the Altai region and in the
Kirghiz steppes.-SPb., 1887.
[20] Shikhatov I. Faith without confusion / / peasant
word.Omskayaoblastnayagazeta. – 1997.
[21] Miropiyev M.A. State of the Russian natives. – StP., 1901.
[22] The case of the baptism of Kirghiz // CSA RK. F.707; Op.1, d.16.
[23] Zhusípova S. Ananyayalapazamattynrukhynkotereyík // Aldaspan. -
1999. - №1-2.
[24] Review of the Akmola region for 1915// CSA RK. F.393; Op. 1, d. 129.
[25] KudryashovG.Ye. Orthodox Christianization of the non-Russian
peoples. In Sat Questions of scientific atheism. – M., 1980. - Issue.25.
[26] Baptism aliens // SAOR. F.16; Op.1, d.115.
[27] O vykreshchennykhizkirgizovSemipalatinskogouyezda // CSA RK.
F.15; Op.1, d.403.
[28] Kalachev A. Telenguts trip to the Altai. Living Antiquity.
Zhivayastarina. - SPb., 1896.
[29] Popov I. Missionaries and Lamaism / / Siberian questions. – 1910. - №
24.
[30] Robert Jersey, Michael Khodarovskiy. Religion and Empire: Missions,
handling, and tolerance // National History. RAN. – 2001. - № 6.</p>