Microstructural Properties of the Interfacial Transition Zone and Strength Development of Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate
This study investigates the potential of using crushed concrete as aggregates to produce green and sustainable concrete. Crushed concrete was sieved to powder fine recycled aggregate (PFRA) less than 80 µm and coarse recycled aggregates (CRA). Physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties for PFRA and CRA were evaluated. The effect of the additional rates of PFRA and CRA on strength development of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) was investigated. Additionally, the characteristics of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between cement paste and recycled aggregate were also examined. Results show that concrete mixtures made with 100% of CRA and 40% PFRA exhibited similar performance to that of the control mixture prepared with 100% natural aggregate (NA) and 40% natural pozzolan (NP). Moreover, concrete mixture incorporating recycled aggregate exhibited a slightly higher later compressive strength than that of the concrete with NA. This was confirmed by the very dense microstructure for concrete mixture incorporating recycled concrete aggregates compared to that of conventional concrete mixture.
[1] I. B. Topçu, “Physical and mechanical properties of concretes produced with waste concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, V.27, pp.1817–1823,1997.
[2] F. Debieb, L. Courard, S. Kenai, , R. Degeimbre, “Durability properties of concrete using contaminated recycled aggregates”, Cement and Concrete Composites, V.32, no. 6, 2010, pp.421–426.
[3] A. Barbudo, J.de Brito, L. Evangelista, M. Bravo, F. Agrela, “Influence of water-reducing admixtures on the mechanical performance of recycled concrete”, Journal of Cleaner Production, V.59, pp.93–98,2003.
[4] N. D. Oikonomou, “Recycled concrete aggregates”, Cement and Concrete Composites. V.27, pp. 315–318,2005.
[5] T. C. Hansen, RILEM: recycling of demolished concrete and masonry, Report of Technical Comité 37-DRC: “Demolition and Reuse of Concrete”, Chapman & Hall, London, 1992.
[6] M. C. Rao, S. K. Bhattacharyya, S. V. Barai, “Recycled Aggregate Concrete: A Sustainable Built Environment”. Review of Literature. International Conference on Sustainable Built Environment (ICSBE) Kandy, 13-14, pp. 227–232, December 2010.
[7] N. Shing Chai Ngo, “High-Strength Structural Concrete with Recycled Aggregates”. A Research Project of Bachelor in Civil Engineering. University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 112 p, 2004.
[8] Ch. Knoeri, E. Sanyé-Mengual, H. J. Althaus, H. J., “Comparative LCA of recycled and conventional concrete for structural applications”. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. V.18, no.5, pp. 909-918, 2013.
[9] A. V. Alves, T. F. Vieira, J. de Brito, J. R. Correia, “Mechanical properties of structural concrete with fine recycled ceramic aggregates”, Construction and Building Materials, V.64, pp.103–113,2014.
[10] E. Vazquez, P. Alaejos, M. Sanchez, F. Aleza, M. Barra, M. Buron, J. Castilla, E. Dapena, M. Etxeberria, G. Francisco, B. Gonzalez, F. Martinez, M. I. artinez, J. Parra, J. Polanco, M. Sanabria, “Utilización de árido reciclado para la fabricación de hormigón estructural », Comision2, Grupo de Trabajo. 2/5 “‘Hormigón reciclado’” (in Spanish), Monografia M-11 ACHE, Madrid, 2006.
[11] E. Dapena, P. Alaejos, A. Lobet, D. Pérez, “Effect of Recycled Sand Content on Characteristics of Mortars and Concretes”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, V.23, no.4, pp.414–422.2011.
[12] S. Boudali, D. E. Kerdal, A. Ayed, B. Abdulsalam, A. M. Soliman, “Performance of Self Compacting Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete Fines and Aggregate Exposed to Sulphate Attack”, Construction and Building Materials, V.124, pp.705-713. 2016.
[13] N. Otsuki, S. Miyazato, W. Yodsudjai, “Influence of Recycled Aggregate on Interfacial Transition Zone, Strength, Chloride Penetration and Carbonation of Concrete”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, V.15, no.5, pp.443–451.2003.
[14] S. Boudali, B. Abdulsalam, A. M. Soliman, K. Ayed, K., D. E. Kerdal, “Green self-compacting sand concrete exposed to sulfate attack”, In Resilient Infrastructure, London, 1-4 June 2016 pp.1–11.
[15] DIN Standards Committee Building and Civil Engineering, European standard norme EN. “Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements 197-1”, 2000, pp.1–29.
[16] ASTM C192, C192M, “Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory”, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2016, 8 p.
[17] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C494. “Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete”. West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2015.
[18] NF P 18-400 Concretes – Moulds for cylindrical and prismatic test, AFNOR ISBN: 978-2-12- 131871-4; Réf.: 3131871CD.
[19] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C33, “C33M Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates”, 2003, 11 p.
[20] Sánchez, M., Juan, D., Alaejos, P., “Study on the influence of attached mortar content on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate”, Construction and Building Materials, V.23, no.2, 2009, pp. 872–877.
[21] ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary”, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, USA, 2014, 520 p.
[22] A. M. Soliman, M. Nehdi, “Self-accelerated reactive powder concrete using partially hydrated cementitious materials”, ACI Material Journal J. V.108, No.6, pp. 596– 604,2011.
[23] R. Chamrova “Modelling and measurement of elastic properties of hydrating cement paste”. Ph.D thesis, laboratory of construction and materials, Ecole Polytechnique Switzerland: Federale de Lausanne, pp. 128, 2010.
[24] M. Etxeberria, E. Vázquez, A. R. Marí, M. Barri “Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, V.37, no.05, pp.735–742,2007.
[25] M. Etxeberria, E. Vázquez, A. R. Marí. “Microstructure analysis of hardened recycled aggregate concrete”, Magazine of Concrete Research, V.58, no.10, pp.683–690,2006.
[26] B. Zegardlo, M. Szelag, P. Ogrodnik, “Ultra-high strength concrete made with recycled aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes - The method of production and the interfacial transition zone”, Construction and Building Materials, V.122, pp.736–742. 2016.
[27] Society of Japan Committee on Disposal and Reuse of Construction Waste (BCSJ), “Proposed standard for the use of recycled aggregate and recycled aggregate concrete” (in Japanese). Committee on Disposal and Reuse of Construction Waste, Building Contractors Society of Japan, 1997.
[1] I. B. Topçu, “Physical and mechanical properties of concretes produced with waste concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, V.27, pp.1817–1823,1997.
[2] F. Debieb, L. Courard, S. Kenai, , R. Degeimbre, “Durability properties of concrete using contaminated recycled aggregates”, Cement and Concrete Composites, V.32, no. 6, 2010, pp.421–426.
[3] A. Barbudo, J.de Brito, L. Evangelista, M. Bravo, F. Agrela, “Influence of water-reducing admixtures on the mechanical performance of recycled concrete”, Journal of Cleaner Production, V.59, pp.93–98,2003.
[4] N. D. Oikonomou, “Recycled concrete aggregates”, Cement and Concrete Composites. V.27, pp. 315–318,2005.
[5] T. C. Hansen, RILEM: recycling of demolished concrete and masonry, Report of Technical Comité 37-DRC: “Demolition and Reuse of Concrete”, Chapman & Hall, London, 1992.
[6] M. C. Rao, S. K. Bhattacharyya, S. V. Barai, “Recycled Aggregate Concrete: A Sustainable Built Environment”. Review of Literature. International Conference on Sustainable Built Environment (ICSBE) Kandy, 13-14, pp. 227–232, December 2010.
[7] N. Shing Chai Ngo, “High-Strength Structural Concrete with Recycled Aggregates”. A Research Project of Bachelor in Civil Engineering. University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 112 p, 2004.
[8] Ch. Knoeri, E. Sanyé-Mengual, H. J. Althaus, H. J., “Comparative LCA of recycled and conventional concrete for structural applications”. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. V.18, no.5, pp. 909-918, 2013.
[9] A. V. Alves, T. F. Vieira, J. de Brito, J. R. Correia, “Mechanical properties of structural concrete with fine recycled ceramic aggregates”, Construction and Building Materials, V.64, pp.103–113,2014.
[10] E. Vazquez, P. Alaejos, M. Sanchez, F. Aleza, M. Barra, M. Buron, J. Castilla, E. Dapena, M. Etxeberria, G. Francisco, B. Gonzalez, F. Martinez, M. I. artinez, J. Parra, J. Polanco, M. Sanabria, “Utilización de árido reciclado para la fabricación de hormigón estructural », Comision2, Grupo de Trabajo. 2/5 “‘Hormigón reciclado’” (in Spanish), Monografia M-11 ACHE, Madrid, 2006.
[11] E. Dapena, P. Alaejos, A. Lobet, D. Pérez, “Effect of Recycled Sand Content on Characteristics of Mortars and Concretes”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, V.23, no.4, pp.414–422.2011.
[12] S. Boudali, D. E. Kerdal, A. Ayed, B. Abdulsalam, A. M. Soliman, “Performance of Self Compacting Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete Fines and Aggregate Exposed to Sulphate Attack”, Construction and Building Materials, V.124, pp.705-713. 2016.
[13] N. Otsuki, S. Miyazato, W. Yodsudjai, “Influence of Recycled Aggregate on Interfacial Transition Zone, Strength, Chloride Penetration and Carbonation of Concrete”, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, V.15, no.5, pp.443–451.2003.
[14] S. Boudali, B. Abdulsalam, A. M. Soliman, K. Ayed, K., D. E. Kerdal, “Green self-compacting sand concrete exposed to sulfate attack”, In Resilient Infrastructure, London, 1-4 June 2016 pp.1–11.
[15] DIN Standards Committee Building and Civil Engineering, European standard norme EN. “Cement - Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements 197-1”, 2000, pp.1–29.
[16] ASTM C192, C192M, “Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory”, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2016, 8 p.
[17] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C494. “Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete”. West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA, 2015.
[18] NF P 18-400 Concretes – Moulds for cylindrical and prismatic test, AFNOR ISBN: 978-2-12- 131871-4; Réf.: 3131871CD.
[19] American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C33, “C33M Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates”, 2003, 11 p.
[20] Sánchez, M., Juan, D., Alaejos, P., “Study on the influence of attached mortar content on the properties of recycled concrete aggregate”, Construction and Building Materials, V.23, no.2, 2009, pp. 872–877.
[21] ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary”, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, USA, 2014, 520 p.
[22] A. M. Soliman, M. Nehdi, “Self-accelerated reactive powder concrete using partially hydrated cementitious materials”, ACI Material Journal J. V.108, No.6, pp. 596– 604,2011.
[23] R. Chamrova “Modelling and measurement of elastic properties of hydrating cement paste”. Ph.D thesis, laboratory of construction and materials, Ecole Polytechnique Switzerland: Federale de Lausanne, pp. 128, 2010.
[24] M. Etxeberria, E. Vázquez, A. R. Marí, M. Barri “Influence of amount of recycled coarse aggregates and production process on properties of recycled aggregate concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, V.37, no.05, pp.735–742,2007.
[25] M. Etxeberria, E. Vázquez, A. R. Marí. “Microstructure analysis of hardened recycled aggregate concrete”, Magazine of Concrete Research, V.58, no.10, pp.683–690,2006.
[26] B. Zegardlo, M. Szelag, P. Ogrodnik, “Ultra-high strength concrete made with recycled aggregate from sanitary ceramic wastes - The method of production and the interfacial transition zone”, Construction and Building Materials, V.122, pp.736–742. 2016.
[27] Society of Japan Committee on Disposal and Reuse of Construction Waste (BCSJ), “Proposed standard for the use of recycled aggregate and recycled aggregate concrete” (in Japanese). Committee on Disposal and Reuse of Construction Waste, Building Contractors Society of Japan, 1997.
@article{"International Journal of Architectural, Civil and Construction Sciences:76064", author = "S. Boudali and A. M. Soliman and B. Abdulsalam and K. Ayed and D. E. Kerdal and S. Poncet", title = "Microstructural Properties of the Interfacial Transition Zone and Strength Development of Concrete Incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate", abstract = "This study investigates the potential of using crushed concrete as aggregates to produce green and sustainable concrete. Crushed concrete was sieved to powder fine recycled aggregate (PFRA) less than 80 µm and coarse recycled aggregates (CRA). Physical, mechanical, and microstructural properties for PFRA and CRA were evaluated. The effect of the additional rates of PFRA and CRA on strength development of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) was investigated. Additionally, the characteristics of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) between cement paste and recycled aggregate were also examined. Results show that concrete mixtures made with 100% of CRA and 40% PFRA exhibited similar performance to that of the control mixture prepared with 100% natural aggregate (NA) and 40% natural pozzolan (NP). Moreover, concrete mixture incorporating recycled aggregate exhibited a slightly higher later compressive strength than that of the concrete with NA. This was confirmed by the very dense microstructure for concrete mixture incorporating recycled concrete aggregates compared to that of conventional concrete mixture.
", keywords = "Compressive strength, recycled concrete aggregates, microstructure, interfacial transition zone, powder fine recycled aggregate.", volume = "11", number = "8", pages = "1054-5", }
